1、Mechanical Engineering English,Lesson 2 Manufacturing,机械工程专业英语,Introduction,Conversations Reading Exercises,Method,Teaching,Discussion,Self-studying,Question,Background Situation,Manufacturing In its earliest form, manufacturing was usually carried out by a single skilled artisan with assistants. Tr
2、aining was by apprenticeship. In much of the pre-industrial world the guild system protected the privileges and trade secrets of urban artisans. Before the Industrial Revolution, most manufacturing occurred in rural areas, where household-based manufacturing served as a supplemental subsistence stra
3、tegy to agriculture (and continues to do so in places). Entrepreneurs organized a number of manufacturing households into a single enterprise through the putting-out system.,Toll manufacturing is an arrangement whereby a first firm with specialized equipment processes raw materials or semi-finished
4、goods for a second firm.,Background,Modern manufacturing includes all intermediate processes required for the production and integration of a products components. Some industries, such as semiconductor and steel manufacturers use the term fabrication instead.,Background,According to some economists,
5、 manufacturing is a wealth-producing sector of an economy, whereas a service sector tends to be wealth-consuming. Emerging technologies have provided some new growth in advanced manufacturing employment opportunities in the Manufacturing Belt in the United States. Manufacturing provides important ma
6、terial support for national infrastructure and for national defense.,Dialogue 1,Mr. King: Do you have any hobbies other than study?Lily: Oh, I like playing rugby. We have a great mens rugby team which won the championship in the 6th National College Students Sports Game.Mr. King: Do you have a plan
7、for your own future?Lily: I really cannot describe my own future because there are a lot of uncertainties in the way of my growing up. What I should do is to make good use of the present and make every day count. Mr. King: Can you say something about some of the famous landscapes in Shenyang?,译文,Lil
8、y: Shenyang is the center concerned with economy, culture, transportation, commerce and trade of Northeast Area. It is the important place of heavy machine in China and reputed city of history and culture. Shenyang is the first city to be the excellent one among so many excellent trading cities. Now
9、 there are thousands of cultural relics underground and above the ground .There are many natural landscapes and man-made landscapes. The whole world is focusing on the EXPO in Shenyang. North Mausoleum，it used to be the mausoleum of Huang Taiji, East Mausoleum, the other Mausoleum for Nuer Hachi and
10、 ShenYangs Imperial Palace have been declared as a world cultural heritage.,Mr. King: How is the food served in your college dinning rooms？Lily: They offer us a wide choice of food styles from Sichuan Food to Guangdong Food. Drinks and snacks are also served there.,Dialogue Two,Mr. King: What do you
11、 think of the internet? Lily: The internet brings us the age of information. Internet is altering the style of our life. Online education, online communication and online business are available on the net. But it is also causing some negative effects while we are enjoying the conveniences. Mr. King:
12、 How is the climate here?Lily: Shenyang has distinct four seasons, concentrated rainfalls and sufficient sunshine.,Mr. King: Can you say something about your classmates or friends?Lily: Zhangxue is a hard-working student. She is one of the top students in our class. Shes the teachers favorite. We ar
13、e close friends. No exam has ever bothered her.,New words & expressions,rugby rgbi n. 橄榄球relics relik n. 遗物，遗迹，遗产，遗体commerce km(:)s n. 商业,贸易mausoleum .m:slim n. 陵墓heritage heritid n. 遗产,继承物reputed ripju:tid a. 名誉好的,被称为.的,有.名气的alter :lt v. 改变distinct distikt a. (from)独特的,不同的,明显的,清楚的,roduce prdju:s n.
14、 产品,农产品; v. 产生,生产,提出distribute distribju(:)t v. 分配,散布capital kpitl n. 首都,首府,大写字母,资产; a. 首都的,重要的organize :gnaiz vi. 组织起来; vt. 组织route ru:t n. 航线,路线; vt. 按路线发送schedule skedjul n. 时间表,一览表,计划; v. 安排,计划,预定,编制目录dispatch dispt v. 派遣; 计算机 分派 layout lei.aut n. 布局,安排,设计defective difektiv a. 有缺陷的,欠缺;n. 有缺陷的人,T
15、ext Modern Manufacturing Engineering,What Is Manufacturing Maybe youve never thought about it before, but it is all around you. It affects every part of your life. What is it? In this case, “it” is manufacturing. Actually “manufacturing” is not all around you. But manufactured products are. Look aro
16、und you right now. Name some things you see that were manufactured. Chairs, notebooks, blue jeans, books, floor tile, chalkboards, light bulbs, pencils, eyeglassesnearly everything around you was manufactured.,译文,The manufacturing industry is important to our society. Its essential to our economy. A
17、n economy is a system for producing and distributing products and services. Many people work in manufacturing. They help produce products. And they buy products with the money they earn. The more products people buy, the more products are manufactured. And this allows more people to work. Manufactur
18、ing is also important to the economy in another way. A piece of material is worth more after its been changed into a useful product. Thats added value. Value is increased by the manufacturing process.,译文,Modern Manufacturing,A manufacturing industry needs three basic types of resources: Material res
19、ources, Human resources, Capital resources. The elements of industry are seven key steps for organizing production: Research and Development, Production Tooling, Production Planning and Control, Quality Control, Personnel Management, Manufacturing; Marketing. R&D is the planning of new products, pro
20、cesses, or materials and the improvement of old skill. R&D is such a large, important part of the industrial world and requires many people with different talents.,译文,Production Tooling is the element of industry concerned with these tools. The PT obtains the tools, machines, and equipment needed to
21、 make a product. The most important parts of Production Planning and Control are routing, scheduling, dispatching, and plan layout. The machinery and equipment must be arranged so that production can take place smoothly, without wasted time and effort.,译文,Quality Control can be defined as those acti
22、vities which prevent defective articles. In this way management tries to insure that a product will be acceptable to the buyer. Marketing is the process of getting products from 、those who make them to those who use them and it helps to deliver the right kinds of goods to us, in the right form and a
23、mount, at the time and price.,译文,Exercises,I Answer the following questions according to the text.1. What does R&D stand for?,It stands for research and development,2. What types of resources does a manufacturing industry need?,3. What are the most important parts of Production Planning and Control?
24、,A manufacturing industry needs three basic types of resources: Material resources, Human resources, Capital resources.,The most important parts of Production Planning and Control are routing, scheduling, dispatching, and plan layout.,4. What is the definition of “marketing”?,5. Is a book printed in
25、 a bookshop or in a printing house?,Marketing is the process of getting products from those who make them to those who use them and it helps to deliver the right kinds of goods to us, in the right form and amount, at the time and price.,In a printing house.,II After reading the text, please decide w
26、hether the statements are true or false.,1. Everything around us is manufactured products. 2. No matter how small or simple a thing may be, it can be a manufactured product. 3. The manufacturing industry is a part of our economy, without which our life would be very hard.,( F ),( T ),( T ),4. By eco
27、nomy we actually mean the system for producing and distributing products and services concerned. 5. Quality Control can be defined as those activities which prevent defective articles.,( T ),( T ),III Read the two passages and then try to put them into Chinese.,Passage 1 No markets anywhere (for pro
28、fitable products, at least) are domestic anymore, and no producer need be a domestic producer only. The addition of high capacity information and communication systems to existing global transportation systems opens every market to any producer for whom the economics is attractive. Furthermore, it i
29、s increasingly easy to integrate design, production, marketing, and distribution resources distributed around the world into a coherent “virtual” production facility,译文,As a result, every company has the potential for linking some portion of its capabilities with complementary capabilities of other
30、companies regardless of their location.,Passage 2,The development of northeast industrial base is the important task and strategic policy proposed by central government, and meanwhile it is a tremendously systematic project. As the central city of northeast district, Shenyang city council and city g
31、overnment brings forward a series of plans in the topic of Develop Northeast, Start with Shenyang. This article systematically explains the overall goals achievement, the conditions and opportunities to develop the old industry in Shenyang, as well as elaborates how to improve the core professional
32、ability of college students, in order to accomplish the historical tasks to accelerate the economic development of Shenyang.,译文,IV Fill in the blanks with the proper words given below, changing the form if necessary.,A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is a manufacturing system in which there is s
33、ome amount of 1 that allows the system to react in the 2 of changes, whether predicted or3 . This flexibility is generally considered to fall 4 two categories, which both contain numerous subcategories.,produce case consist unpredicted asflexibility manage find into like,答案,flexibility,case,unpredic
34、ted,into,The first category, machine flexibility, covers the systems ability to be changed to 5 new product types, and ability to change the order of operations executed on a part. The second category is called routing flexibility, which 6 of the ability to use multiple machines to perform the same
35、operation on a part, as well 7 the systems ability to absorb large-scale changes, such as in volume, capacity, or capability. The main advantages of an FMS is its high flexibility in 8 manufacturing resources 9 time and effort in order to manufacture a new product. The best application of an FMS10 i
36、n the production of small sets of products like those from a mass production.,答案,produce,consists,as,managing,like,is found,The end,Thank you!,Translation,对话1问： 除了学习，你有什么其他爱好吗？答： 我喜欢打橄榄球，我们学校有着一支非常棒的男子橄榄球队，他们赢得了第六届大学生运动会的冠军。问： 你未来有什么打算呢？答： 因为在成长过程中有许多不确定性，所以我无法具体描述我未来的情况，但是我应该把握现在，做好手中的每一件事情。问： 能向我介
37、绍下沈阳的名胜吗？,Back,Translation,答：沈阳是东北地区的经济、文化、交通和商贸中心，中国的工业重镇和历史文化名城。沈阳是首批中国优秀旅游城市, 现有地上、地下文物古迹数千余处, 有众多自然景观和人文景观，全球关注2006沈阳世界园艺博览会。沈阳的“一宫两陵”已经申报为世界文化遗产。问： 你们学校的食堂怎样呢？答： 食堂每日供应许多样式的食品，从四川菜到广东菜不等，还有饮料和零食。,Back,Translation,对话2 问： 可以告诉我你关于网络的看法吗？答： 因特网带领我们步入信息时代，而且正在改变着我们的生活方式。网络教育、网络聊天以及电子商务都可以通过网络进行。当然在
38、我们享受网络带来便捷的同时，它也带来一些负面的东西。问： 沈阳的气候怎么样？答：沈阳市四季分明、降水集中、日照充足。,Back,Translation,问： 能向我谈谈你的同学或朋友吗？答： 张雪是一个刻苦学习/聪明的学生。她是我们班学习成绩优秀的学生之一。她是老师的得意门生。我们是很好的朋友，什么考试对她来说都没什么。,Back,Translation,什么是制造这个问题，你以前也许从未思考过，但是制造就在我们周围，而且它影响着我们生活的方方面面。那么，到底什么是制造呢？在这里“它”说的是制造。说句实在话，在我们的周围所看到的并非“制造”，而是制造出来的产品。请你现在就环顾一下你的周围，说出
39、你所看到的一些制品，如椅子、笔记本、蓝色牛仔裤、黑板、书本、地板砖、灯泡、铅笔、眼镜在我们的周围，几乎每一样东西都是制造出来的产品。,Back,Translation,制造业对于我们的社会非常重要，在经济中起着重要作用。经济是一个包括产品生产，销售和服务的运转体系。许多人从事制造业的工作，他们生产产品，同时也用他们赚来的钱购买制造出来的产品。人们买的产品越多，制造的产品也就越多，从事制造业工作的人也就越多。 制造对经济从另一方面讲也非常重要。原材料一旦制造成有用的产品，它将值更多的钱，这就叫附加值。于是，制造过程就为产品增加了附加价值。,Back,现代制造技术 制造工业需要三种基本类型的资源：
40、物料资源，人力资源，和资本。在组织工业生产中有七种主要步骤：研究与发展, 生产工艺, 生产计划与控制， 质量控制，人事管理， 制造技术和市场营销。 研究发展就是对新产品、新材料、新加工方法，以及旧技术提高进行计划和开发。研究发展是工业化世界中一个重要的、占比重很大的部门，并且需要许多不同潜质的人共同协作。,Back,生产工艺是在工业中主要同生产工具有关的一环。生产工艺包括需要加工产品的工具、机械和设备。 生产计划和控制中最重要的部分是生产线安排、时序安排、生产分工和生产计划规划。机器设备必须安置妥当，以致顺利生产加工，而无浪费时间和效率的现象发生。,Back,质量控制可以定义为避免缺陷和次品的
41、行为。在质量控制管理下可确保产品能被买方接受。市场营销是将产品从生产者处“交”到用户手中的过程，其以恰当的规格数量，时间和价格为我们准确地传递我们想要的商品，,Back,全球制造网络 现在已经不存在仅仅的国内市场，也不存在只需在国内进行生产的制造者。高能力的信息通讯系统与现存的全球运输系统的结合已经为所有追求利益的制造者打开了每个市场的大门. 因此，集合分布在世界各地的设计、制造、销售和运输等资源形成一个“虚拟”的制造企业已经越来越容易。也正因为这样，每个公司都有可能将自己的一部分与其他无论什么地方的公司连系起来形成互补。,Back,振兴东北老工业基地，是党中央提出的重大任务和战略决策， 也是
42、一项庞大的系统工程，作为东北中心城市的沈阳市委、市政府提出了东北振兴沈阳先行的一系列构想，本文就实现沈阳老工业振兴的总体目标、条件和机遇以及如何提升高职学生职业核心能力，完成沈阳经济腾飞的历史使命进行了较为系统的论述。,Back,A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is a manufacturing system in which there is some amount of flexibility that allows the system to react in the case of changes, whether predicted or
43、 unpredicted. This flexibility is generally considered to fall into two categories, which both contain numerous subcategories.The first category, machine flexibility, covers the systems ability to be changed to produce new product types, and ability to change the order of operations executed on a pa
44、rt.,Back,The second category is called routing flexibility, which consists of the ability to use multiple machines to perform the same operation on a part, as well as the systems ability to absorb large-scale changes, such as in volume, capacity, or capability.The main advantages of an FMS is its hi
45、gh flexibility in managing manufacturing resources like time and effort in order to manufacture a new product. The best application of an FMS is found in the production of small sets of products like those from a mass production.,谢谢观看/欢迎下载,BY FAITH I MEAN A VISION OF GOOD ONE CHERISHES AND THE ENTHUSIASM THAT PUSHES ONE TO SEEK ITS FULFILLMENT REGARDLESS OF OBSTACLES. BY FAITH I BY FAITH,
