1、Section Grammar & Writing,写作专题突破,Unit 1,语法专题突破,Section ,语法专题突破,品味语法1The banana trees are growing well.香蕉树长得很好。2Our country is a beautiful country.我们的国家是一个美丽的国家。3He needs someone to help him with his work.他需要别人帮助他工作。4He lost his goat which was worth 200 yuan.他丢了价值200元的山羊。,自我探究定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，定语是对名词或代词
2、起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“的”来表示。此外，形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式(短语)、分词和定语从句等都可用作定语。,定语定语是用来说明名词或代词的品质与特征的词。可用来作定语的词有形容词、名词或名词所有格、代词、数词、副词、词组或合成词、不定式(短语)、v.ing形式、过去分词、介词短语以及从句等。,1形容词作定语He is an honest and hardworking boy.他是一个诚实、勤勉的男孩。(1)表语形容词作定语时须后置，如alive，asleep，awake等。people alive活着的人the man awake醒着的那个
3、人,(2)多个形容词的排序为：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。a big old stone bridge一座大而老的石桥(3)present，proper，left作定语时后置。all the people present所有在场的人(4)形容词修饰不定代词时须后置。something necessary必要的东西(5)复合形容词作定语时，连字符连接的名词必须是单数。a twentymeterlong bridge一座20米长的桥,2名词作定语(1)woman，man作定语时，当所修饰的词为单数时，它们用单数；当所修饰的词为复数时，它们用复数，但boy，gir
4、l一律用单数。They are women pilots.她们是女飞行员。(2)名词作定语时，一般用单数，但某些常用复数的词，当它们用作定语时，也须用复数。如：arms production武器生产；clothes shop服装商店；sales department营业部。,3代词作定语His proposal is worth considering.他的建议值得考虑。Whose book is this？这是谁的书？4数词作定语The sun is 93,000,000 miles away.太阳离我们九千三百万公里。基数词作定语可以后置。the year 2008,2008年Room 3
5、15,315房间,5副词作定语She met me on her way home.她在回家的路上碰到我。副词作定语通常后置。the window above上面的窗户the helicopter outside外面的直升飞机6介词短语作定语Well have a report on current affairs on Sunday morning.我们周日上午要听形势报告。,7不定式(短语)作定语Thats the teaching plan for you to discuss.这就是供你讨论的那份教学计划。不定式作定语表示将来的动作，且不定式作定语要后置；或者修饰其前有序数词的名词。Z
6、hai Zhigang is the first Chinese to walk in space.翟志刚是第一个在太空行走的中国人。There are many problems to deal with.有许多问题要解决。,8v.ing形式作定语a rising sun一颗冉冉升起的太阳(1)v.ing作定语，一个词时放在名词前，短语作定语要后置。the woman living in the next door住在隔壁的女人(2)v.ing式作定语表示主动或正在进行的动作。a crying child一个在哭泣的孩子(3)v.ing式作定语表示名词的功能。a walking stick拐
7、杖,9过去分词(短语)作定语fallen leaves落叶the stolen car那辆被盗的汽车过去分词作定语表被动或已经完成的动作。boiled water开水,10从句作定语引导定语从句的词有关系代词who，whom，whose，that，as，which及关系副词when，where，why。The number of people who/that lost homes reached as many as 250,000.无家可归的人数达到25万。This is the girl whose father is a professor.这就是那个女孩，她父亲是个教授。China
8、is a developing country，as is known to all.众所周知，中国是个发展中国家。That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.那就是他为什么那么早就离开的原因。,.完成句子1She is a _(天生的音乐家)答案：natural musician2She has a wish to_(周游世界)答案：travel around the world3He was the first person_(通过考试)答案：that passed the exam,4Look at the man_(坐在岩石上的)答案：si
9、tting on the rock5Dont wake_(正在睡觉的婴儿)答案：the sleeping baby6After the fire，_(没剩下什么东西)答案：there is nothing left,.单项填空1(2011年高考课标全国卷)The next thing he saw was smoke_from behind the house.AroseBrisingCto rise Drisen解析：选B。句意：接下来他看到的东西就是从房子后面升起的烟。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。rise是不及物动词，排除D项；rose是谓语形式，to rise表示将来，根据句意，故选B。,
10、2(2011年高考四川卷)The school shop，_customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays.Awhich BwhoseCwhen Dwhere解析：选B。句意：学校商店由于假期停止营业，顾客主要是学生。本题考查定语从句，先行词是shop，代入定语从句：the shops customers are mainly students，由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故使用whose引导，whose customersthe customers of which。,3(2010年高考四川卷)A great numb
11、er of students_said they were forced to practise the piano.Ato question Bto be questionedCquestioned Dquestioning解析：选C。考查过去分词作定语。句中question与其修饰的名词students之间是动宾关系(被动关系)，因此用过去分词作定语。,4(2010年高考浙江卷)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of_left their village homes for a better life in the cit
12、y.Awhom BwhichCthem Dthose解析：选A。考查定语从句。该从句的先行词是nearly 1,000 people，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”，此处先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语，应该用关系代词whom，据此选A项。,5(2010年高考山东卷)Thats the new machine_parts are too small to be seen.Athat BwhichCwhose Dwhat解析：选C。考查定词从句。whose作定语的用法。句意：这就是那台新机器，它的零部件太小了很难看到。parts与先行词machine之间为所属关系，
13、故用whose。,6The_shoes were covered with mud，so I asked them to take them off before they got into_ car.Agirls；TomsBgirls； TomsCgirls； Toms Dgirls；Toms解析：选C。由下文的them可知女孩不只是一个，所以所有格应该是girls的形式，故可排除A和D这两个选项。再根据Tom的所有格是Toms，所以应该选C。,7The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any _w
14、hen the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,2009.Adelay BeffortCschedule Dconsideration解析：选A。without any delay毫不耽搁。effort n. “努力，成就”；schedule n“目录；日程表”；consideration“思考；体谅”。,8Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health.It may also be good for _building.Arespect BfriendshipCreputation Dcharacter解析
15、：选D。respect尊重；方面；friendship友谊；reputation名声；character性格，品格。句意为：独自远足可能是一件有趣的事，也是对健康有好处的事。它还有利于一个人品格的发展。build培养，发展(思想、品格等)。,9I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face_day like that.Aother BanotherCthe other Dothers解析：选B。another day“另外一天”。句意：昨天一天我感觉如此糟糕以至于今天早上我下定决心再也不能那样
16、面对另外一天了。,10Over the past 20 years，the Internet has helped change our world in_ way or another for the better. Aany Bone Cevery Deither解析：选B。句意：在过去的20多年里，因特网已经帮助我们在一方面或另一方面改变得更好。any任何；every每一；either两者之中任一个(仅限于两者之间)。,11As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making
17、use of_energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel.Aprimary BalternativeCinstant Dunique解析：选B。primary初等的；最初的；alternative可供替代的；可选择的；instant立即的；即刻的；unique独一无二的。由常识可知，阳光、风力及水力都是可替代能源，故B项正确。explore new ways of doing sth.探索做的新方法。,12Im sure that your letter will get_attention.They know youre
18、 waiting for the reply.Acontinued BimmediateCcareful Dgeneral解析：选B。句意：我肯定你的信会马上引起注意，他们知道你在等着回复。immediate“立刻的”符合语境。continued“连续的，反复的”；careful“小心的”；general“一般的”，均不合题意。,13Children need friends _their own age to play with.Aof BforCin Dat解析：选A。本题句意应为：孩子们需要同龄的孩子一起玩耍。表示“同龄的”用(be)of ones own age。这是“be of 抽象
19、名词”结构的延伸用法。,14I was born in New Orleans，Louisiana，a city_name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.Awhich Bof whichCthat Dwhose解析：选D。分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中作定语修饰name，其先行词是a city，所以用whose引导定语从句。如果用which，需使用the name of with的形式。,15I have reached a point in my life_I am supposed
20、to make decisions of my own.Awhich BwhereChow Dwhy解析：选B。当point，case，stage，situation等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用关系副词where来引导定语从句。,写作专题突破,【写作要求】温家宝总理(Premier Wen Jiabao)在博鳌亚洲论坛(BFA：Boao Forum for Asia)说道：“信心比黄金和货币更重要”，“希望像一盏永不熄灭的明灯”。就此请你按照以下提纲写一篇作文，100120词左右。,1阐述你对此引言的理解；2举一个生活中关于信心或希望的真实例子；3发出号召，鼓励
21、人们在生活中应充满信心、满怀希望。_,【要点词汇】1信心_答案：confidence2黄金和货币_ 答案：gold and currency/money3一盏永不熄灭的明灯_ 答案：a light that never goes out4处理困难_ 答案：deal with the difficulties5树立一个榜样_ 答案：set an example,6实现_ 答案：come true7号召_ 答案：call on8充满_ 答案：be filled with/be full of,【句型结构】1没有比最重要。_ is more important than.答案：Nothing2正如温
22、家宝总理(Premier Wen Jiabao)在博鳌亚洲论坛所说_ as Premier Wen Jiabao remarked at BFA.答案：Just,3正是信心和希望才_ the confidence and hope of.that.答案：It is4我们应该是明智的。It is_that we should.。答案：advisable,【连句成篇】_,【佳作欣赏】Nothing in this world is more important than hope and confidence especially when we are confronted with chall
23、enges or caught in trouble，just as Premier Wen Jiabao remarked at BFA.The same is true in dealing with the difficulties we may encounter in daily life.,This can be best proved by a true storyone of my classmates once was injured in a traffic accident.He has been in a persistent vegetative state(持续植物
24、人状态)，however，neither the doctors nor his family has ever given up.Through a joint effort of medical treatment and mental stimulation，he finally awakened on the 136th day.It is the confidence of the doctor and hope of his family that make the miracle come true.,So it is advisable that we should keep
25、a cool head when facing an unexpected incident or an unfavorable situation in either the studies or the living.,【类文点津】1本题是提纲作文，是议论文题材。根据提纲要求，我们知道书面表达应分为三段：第一段，应引用温总理的两句话，然后用自己的话进行解释，此段也是整篇文章的论点部分。第二段，详细描述一个生活中关于信心或希望的真实例子，此段是论据部分。第三段，发出号召，鼓励人们在生活中应充满信心、满怀希望，此段与首段相呼应，结束全文。,2在第二段要注意先叙述所遇到的困难，然后详细叙述是如何充满信心或希望地解决困难的，最后应总结一下。3应注意句式的变化，注意并列句、复合句和简单句的结合使用。,本部分内容讲解结束,点此进入课件目录,按ESC键退出全屏播放,谢谢使用,
