1、区分主题细节练习,段落阅读步骤,1. 确定主题2. 辨别主旨3. 认识细节Supporting details: who, what, where, why, how按功能划分：举例Setting unrealistic goals. For example, you just bought a computer and you want to learn a program by tomorrow.,比较Skilled college students are like the unskilled students in their desire for a diploma.对比In con
2、trast, his successor Lyndon Baines Johnson is often remembered as something of a buffoon.数据75 percent of the students who do not attend class regularly receive grades of C or worse.图表Figure 9-1 is one type of graph.,引言Professor Smith admits, “I tell students they dont need to attend my class if they
3、 dont want to. I know, however, that if they dont come, they wont pass.”描写The students took the exam from the professors hand, quickly looked at the grade, gave a sigh or relief and began to smile.,Topic sentence exercise,The Statue of Liberty is visited by thousands of people every year. The Statue
4、 of Liberty is a 151-foot statue of a woman holding a book and a torch. It is located on an island in New York Harbor. It was a gift of friendship from the people of France. It has become a universal symbol of freedom.There are several events that can change the Earths surface very quickly. Volcanoe
5、s can erupt and spread lava, rock and ash for several miles. Earthquakes can leave large cracks in the Earths surface.,Consumers concerned about the hazards or noise can reduce noise pollution in many ways. They can purchase noisy products such as garbage disposals and lawn mowers with reduced noise
6、 levels. They can also use sound-absorbing materials in their home. Carpeting can be stored instead of hard flooring, and cork and fabric can be used in rooms that tend to be noisy. Also, people can become less noisy themselves. They can learn to avoid shouting, to close doors without slamming them,
7、 and to play radios, TV sets, and stereos at moderate levels.,The physical complaints of neuroticspeople who are overly anxious, pessimistic, hostile, or tensewere once largely ignored by physician. Many doctors believed that the frequent complaint of neurotic were exaggerations. However, new resear
8、ch shows that neurotics are more likely to have physical problems. Specifically, researchers found neurotics stand a greater chance of having five particular ailments: arthritis, asthma, ulcers, headaches, and heart disease. In addition, there is evidence that people who are pessimistic in their tee
9、ns and twenties are more likely to become ill or die in their forties.,Exercise of topic and detail,Studies reveal that peoples first names can have an influence on them. Some names reflect on people in a positive way. For example, one survey showed that American men consider the name Susan to be ve
10、ry sexy. And participants in a British study thought Tony to be the name of someone very friendly. However, other names can have a negative impact. In one study, for instance, teachers gave lower grades to essay supposedly written by boys named Hubert and Elmer than to the very same essay when they
11、credited tomboys with more popular names. Another study found girls with unpopular names did worse on IQ and achievement tests than girls with more appealing names.,Which vegetables are most nutritionally sound, frozen or fresh? Many people would answer that fresh vegetables are the best. The fact i
12、s frozen vegetables can be superior for several reasons. Time plays a significant factor in nutritional value. For this reason, fresh or canned vegetables often lose valuable nutrients while being shipped from the farm to the market or cannery. Frozen vegetables are frozen immediately after being pi
13、cked and thus retain their nutrients. Frozen vegetables lend themselves well to steam preparation. This type of cooking retains important nutrients within the vegetables. Finally, frozen vegetables are clearly labeled with nutritional information. Fresh vegetables on the other hand carry no type of
14、labeling.,The oil crisis of the 1970s made American realize the need for alternative fuel sources. While many alternatives have been proposed, Carroll Buckner has developed an alternative which has several advantages. Mr. Buckners corn burning stove is economical. Anyone could grow their own fuel si
15、mply by planting a corn crop. Even if the corn must be purchased from a supplier, it is usually inexpensive. Second, the emissions from the burning corn are nonpolluting. Finally, the growth in the corn industry brought about by an increased demand would add jobs to the struggling agricultural econo
16、my.,What causes reading disabilities, or dyslexia? Studies have been conducted for generations in an attempt to find answers to this difficult question. Rather than a single answer, however, several factors have emerged which seem to contribute to the disability. One factor points to a genetic link
17、from one generation to the next. In particular, males are more likely to be affected if a father, grandfather, or uncle had dyslexia. Early difficulty in discriminating sounds appears to be another factor. Children who cannot hear the subtle differences within and among words will also have difficulty in reading those sounds. Finally, visual-perceptual problems, a difficulty in clearly seeing the written words, also contribute to dyslexia. If the words do not appear clearly, seem to move or create distortions, the reader will not be able to read fluidly and comprehension will suffer.,
