1、2005 年 四 川 大 学 考 博 英 语 真 题 及 答 案一 、 Reading ComprehensionWe are all naturally attracted to people with ideas, beliefs andinterests like our own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with people withphysical qualities similar to ours.You may have noticed how people who live or work closely together come to
2、behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy those we are close to or loveor admire, So a sportsmans individual, way of walking with raised shouldersis imitated by an admiring fan; a pair of lovers both shake their heads in thesame way; an employee finds him- self duplicating his boss habit of wag
3、ging apen between his fingers while thinking. In every case, the influential personmay not consciously notice the imitation, but he will feel comfortable in itspresence. And if he does notice the matching of his gestures or movements, hefinds it pleasing he is influencing people: they are drawn to h
4、im.Sensitive people have been mirroring their friends and acquaintances alltheir lives, and winning affection and respect in this way without being awareof their methods. Now, for people who want to win agreement or trust,affection or sympathy, some psychologists recommend the deliberate use ofphysi
5、cal mirroring.The clever saleswoman echoes her lady customers movements, tilting herhead in the same way to judge a color match, or folding her arms a few secondsafter the customer, as though consciously attracted by her. The customer feelsthat the saleswoman is in sympathy with her, and understands
6、 her needs-apromising relationship for a sale to take place. The clever lawyer, trying ina law-court to influence a judge, imitates the great mans shrugging of hisshoulders, the tone of his voice and the rhythm of his speech.Of course, physical mirroring must be subtle. If you blink every time yourt
7、arget blinks, or bite your bottom lip every time he does, your mirroring hasbecome mockery and you can expect trouble. So, if you cant modelsympathetically, dont play the game.1 According to the passage, physical mirroring (Pare. 3) means _.（ A） the comfortable feeling about people with physical qua
8、lities similar toours（ B） the imitation of the gestures or movements of those we are close to, orlove, or admire（ C） the attraction to people with ideas, beliefs and interests like our own（ D） the fact that people living or working closely together behave in asimilar way2 Physical mirroring can caus
9、e trouble if _.（ A） the mirroring has become mockery（ B） the person mirrored finds that people are drawn to him（ C） the lawyer shrugs his shoulders the way the judge does（ D） it has been found to be deliberately used3 According to the author, which of the following is not a deliberate use ofphysical
10、 mirroring?（ A） A saleswoman tilts her head after her customer to judge a color match.（ B） A lawyer emulates the tone of the judges voice and the rhythm of hisspeech.（ C） A naughty boy blinks every time the teacher blinks.各类考试资料 vx：344647 公众号：顺通考试资料（ D） Sensitive people have been mirroring their fri
11、ends all their lives.4 Which of the following is true?（ A） The lawyer who imitates the judge is trying to influence him.（ B） The clever saleswoman echoes her lady customers movements because she isun- consciously attracted by her.（ C） Physical mirroring is always flattering to those who are imitated
12、.（ D） Sensitive people have been mirroring their friends and acquaintancesbecause they want to win their affection and respect in this way.5 The paragraph following this passage will most probably move on to _.（ A） the importance of physical mirroring in daily life（ B） the troubles caused by the del
13、iberate use of physical mirroring（ C） an explanation of physical mirroring by a behavioral scientist（ D） some ways to prevent physical mirroring from offending5 The most interesting architectural phenomenon of the 1970s was theenthusiasm for refurbishing older buildings. Obviously, this was not anen
14、tirely new phenomenon. What is new is the wholesale interest in reusing thepast, in recycling, in adaptive re- habilitation. A few trial efforts, such asGhirardelli Square in San Francisco, proved their financial viability in the1960s, but it was in the 1970s, with strong government support through
15、taxincentives and rapid depreciation, as well as growing interest in ecologyissues, that recycling became a major factor on the urban scene.One of the most comprehensive ventures was the restoration andtransformation of Bostons eighteenth century Faneuil Hall and the QuincyMarket, designed in 1824.
16、This section had fallen on hard times, but beginningwith the construction of a new city hall immediately adjacent, it has returnedto life with the intelligent reuse of these fine old buildings under thedesign leadership of Benjamin Thompson. He has provided a marvelous settingfor dining, shopping, p
17、rofessional offices, and simply walking. Butler Square,in Minneapolis, exemplifies major changes in its complex of offices,commercial space, and public amenities carved out of a massive pile designedin 1906 as a hardware warehouse. The exciting interior timber structure of thebuilding was highlighte
18、d by cutting light courts through the interior andadding large skylights. San Antonio, Texas, offers an object lesson fornumerous other cities combating urban decay. Rather than bringing in thebulldozers, San Antonios leaders rehabilitated existing structures whilesimultaneously cleaning up the San
19、Antonio River, which meanders through thebusiness district.6 What is the main idea of the passage?（ A） The architectural phenomenon of the 1970s.（ B） Tile architectural style from 1824 to 1970s.（ C） In the 1970s, recycling old buildings became famous.（ D） During the 1970s, old buildings in many citi
20、es were recycled for modernuse.7 Tile apace at Quincy Market is now used for _.（ A） restaurants, offices and stores（ B） sports and recreational facilities（ C） Bostons new city hall（ D） a marvelous setting for commerce8 In which of the following ways does the passage state that the San Antonioproject
21、 differed from those in Boston and Minneapolis?（ A） It was designded to combat urban decay.（ B） It occurred in the business district.（ C） It involved the environment as well as buildings.（ D） It consisted primarily of new construction.9 What is the authors opinion of the San Antonio project?（ A） It
22、is clearly the best of the projects discussed.（ B） It is a good project that could be copied in other cities.（ C） the extensive use of bulldozers made the project unnecessarily costly.（ D） The work done on the river was more important than the work done on thebuildings.10 Which of the following is t
23、rue?（ A） The San Antonio example shows the enthusiasm for refurbishing olderbuildings.（ B） Recent interest in ecology issues has led to the cleaning up of somerivers.（ C） Benjamin Thompson was the designer for a project in Boston.（ D） Strong government support has made adaptive rehabilitation a real
24、ity inBoston.10 It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it isreally good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found areactually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot makechoices in this matter. You either have science or you dont, and i
25、f you haveit you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces ofinformantion, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totallyconfident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regardthis as the major dis
26、covery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, inits way, an illuminating piece of news. It would have amazed the brightestminds of the 18th century Enlightenment to be told by any of us how little weknow and how bewildering seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontationwith the depth and
27、 scope of ignorance that represents the most significantcontribution of the 20th century science and the human intellect, In earliertimes, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored theproblem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begunexploring in earnest
28、, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are,and how far from being answered. Be- cause of this, we are depressed. It isnot so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing isknowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here andthere the not-so-bad
29、 spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel noreven any tunnels that can yet be trusted but we are making a beginning andthere ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we callthink up that cant be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter ofconsciousness. To b
30、e sure, there may well be questions we cant think up,ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that isanother matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way throughto all our answers if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.11 According to the author, reall
31、y good science _.（ A） will bring about surprising and disturbing results（ B） will produce results which cannot be foreseen（ C） will help people to make the right choice in advance（ D） would surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment12 It can be inferred from the passage that scie
32、ntists of the 18th century_.（ A） thought that they knew a great deal and could solve most problems ofscience（ B） did no more than good in promoting mans understanding of nature（ C） knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about nature（ D） were afraid of facing up to the realities of scie
33、ntific research13 Which of the following statements is not true of scientists in earliertimes?（ A） They paid little attention to the problems they didnt understand.（ B） They invented false theories to explain things they didnt understand.（ C） They falsely claimed to know all about nature.（ D） They d
34、id not believe in results from scientific observation.14 What is the authors attitude towards science?（ A） He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific findings.（ B） He is depressed because of the ignorance of scientists.（ C） He is confident though he is aware of the enormous difficultiesc
35、onfronting it.（ D） He is doubtful because of the enormous difficulties confronting it.15 The author believes that _.（ A） man can find solutions to whatever questions concerning nature he canthink up（ B） man can not solve all the problems he can think up because of the limitsof human intellect（ C） so
36、oner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature aridanswer them（ D） questions concerning consciousness are outside the scope of scientificresearch15 At its best, any prison is so unnatural a form of segregation fromnormal life that- like too-loving parents and too zealous religion
37、 and allother well-meant violations of individuality-it helps to prevent the vicitimsfrom resuming when they are let out, any natural role in human society. At itsworst, the prison is almost scientifically designed to develop by force-ripening every one of the antisocial traits for which we suppose
38、ourselves toput people into prison (I say suppose, because actually we put people intoprison only because we dont know what else to do with them). The prison makesthe man who is sexually abnormal, sexually a maniac. The prison makes the manwho enjoyed beating fellow drunks in a bar-room come out wan
39、ting to kill apoliceman.Probably we cannot tomorrow turn all the so-called criminals loose andclose the jails-though, of course that is just what we are doing by lettingthem go at the end of their sentences. No society cannot free the victims.Society has unfitted liar freedom. Doubtless, since the M
40、illennium is stillcenturies ahead, it is advisable to make prisons as sanitary and well-lightedas possible, that the convicts may live out their living death morecomfortably.Only keep your philosophy straight. Do not imagine that when you have bycarelessness in no inoculating them, let your victims
41、get smallpox, you aregoing to save them or exonerate yourselves by bathing their brows, howevergrateful the bathing may be.16 The author says that prison is like some parents, or like some kinds ofreligion, in that it _.（ A） makes people incapable of living independently（ B） doesnt train people for
42、useful work（ C） is too kind for people to live freely（ D） is too strict for people to live freely17 According to the passage, prison _ in some way.（ A） makes prisoners violent（ B） makes criminal characteristics worse（ C） causes sexual problems in most prisoners（ D） destroys prisoners spirits18 Why,
43、according to the author, cant we let all the prisoners free?（ A） Because society can not allow it.（ B） Because some of them have become maniac.（ C） Because some of them are too dangerous.（ D） Because some of them have been made antisocial.19 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the last s
44、entence but one?（ A） You cant reform prisoners by kind treatment.（ B） It is easy to catch diseases such as smallpox in prison.（ C） Society makes criminalls; it shouldnt feel its done enough for them bycreating good prison conditions.（ D） In any kind of political or social Conditions, it is natural t
45、hat somepeople should turn out to be enemies of society.20 Which of the following seems to you to give the best summary of thepassage?（ A） It is true that prison makes some criminals worse, but society cannot beblamed for this-there is no other solution in an imperfect world.（ B） Putting people into
46、 prison makes some of them worse. We should makeprison conditions as good as possible, but this is by no means our only dutyto criminals.（ C） Prison should be severe enough to act like a smallpox inoculation, and sopre- vent the criminal from catching the disease again.（ D） The only real solution is
47、 to keep sexual and violent criminals in prisonin as good conditions as possible to live out their living death.20 A new look at an asteroid orbiting the sun shows it could possiblysmash into the Earth with tremendous force. But experts say the potentialimpact is still 872 years away, time enough fo
48、r the speeding space rock toalter its course.Named 1950DA, the asteroid-1 kilometer wide-is the most threatening tothe Earth of all of the known large asteroids, but the odds are only adout onein 300 that it would impact the planet, researchers said. One in 300 ispretty long odds, said Jon D. Giorgi
49、ni, a scientist in Califonia. Im notpersonally going to worry about it. It is so far in the future that lots ofthings could change.There are approximately 1,000 asteroids bigger than a kilometer that canpass near the Earth in their orbit of the sun. About 580 have been found andtheir orbits plotted.
50、 Of these, only 1950DA represents a possible threat.Scientists continue an effort to identify all the other large asteroids thatpass near the Earth, and it is their great hope that they dont find any thatare greater threats. If 1950DA did hit the Earth, said Giorgini, it would haveplanet-wide effect
