1、1第七讲 特殊句式 Part 真题变式体验12017天津高考It was when I got back to my apartment_ I first came across my new neighbors.答案：that 此处为强调句型 Its . that .。强调时间状语。句意：在我回到公寓时， 我第一次遇见了我的新邻居们。22017江苏高考_(be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.答案：Were 结合句式结构和语义可判断此处为虚拟语气的倒装
2、。该句是省略 if 的虚拟条件句， if 省略后需要将 were 提前构成倒装， 故填 Were。句意：要不是老师们的支持，这个学生不可能克服困难。32016上海高考It is only too much stress _ does you harm.答案：that 此句为强调句型，强调主语。句意：只有太大的压力才会对你造成伤害。42016江苏高考Not until recently _ they encourage the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas.答案：did not until 位于句首时，句子
3、需用部分倒装结构，此处指过去所发生的动作，需用一般过去时，故答案为 did。句意：直到近期，他们才开始鼓励农村地区发展与旅游有关的活动。52016天津高考You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists.答案：that 此处为强调句型 It is . that . 。被强调部分为 at the hotel，故设空处填 that。句意：你等错地方了。长途客车是在宾馆接游客。62015北京高考If_(accept) for the job, youll be informed soo
4、n.答案：accepted 条件状语从句的主语为 you, accept 和 you 为逻辑上的动宾关系，需2要用过去分词形式。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语部分有 be 动词时，状语从句的主语和 be 动词可以省略，补充完整为 If you are accepted for the job。故答案为 accepted。72015湖南高考_ after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goal
5、s.答案：Only 根据 did I discover 且句子为陈述句可判断，此句为倒装句。结合语义，此处表达“只有才” ，且“only状语”位于句首时，引出部分倒装，故答案是only，注意首字母大写。82015江苏高考It might have saved me some trouble _ I known the schedule.答案：had 根据句子结构分析，两个句子中无连词，且 I 后的 known 为过去分词，可判断为省去 if 的虚拟条件从句引出部分倒装的情况。主句表述与过去事实相反的情况，从句应为过去完成时，故填 had。92015重庆高考Bach died in 1750,
6、but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.答案：that 第二个分句是强调句型，被强调部分是时间状语，故填 that。102015湖南高考Always _ in mind that your main task is to get his company running smoothly.答案：keep 句意：记住，你的主要任务是使他的公司运行顺利。keep in mind “记住” 。由句意及句首的 always 可判断此处为祈使句，故用动词原形。 Part 语篇真题
7、演练阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。2016全国卷If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of _61_ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _62_ (achieve). Leaving the less important t
8、hings until tomorrow _63_ (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused _64_ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive _65_ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go ho
9、me feeling accomplished. Recent _66_ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks _67_ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _68_ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, y
10、oull be less likely _69_ (bring) your work home. It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is, _70_ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.61_ 62._ 63._ 64._365_ 66._ 67._ 68._69_ 70._Step 1：通读全文，掌握主旨大意。本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是缓解工作中的压力的一些方
11、法。Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。61greater 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的 and less importance 可知，此处应填形容词的比较级。62achievement 考查词性转换。介词后面应填名词。意为“实现，完成”时，achievement 是不可数名词。a sense of achievement 固定短语，表示“成就感” 。63is 考查主谓一致与动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，该句子的主语是动名词短语，并结合全文基本时态可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填 is。64.on 考查介词。固定短语 be focused on “集中于” 。句意：我们中的大多数人在早上的
12、时候会比一天中的晚些时候更能集中精力于工作。65as 考查连词。固定结构 as . as possible，意为“尽可能” 。句意：因此，早点儿开始工作并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。66studies 考查名词的复数。根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词 show 为复数形式，故主语为复数名词。67regularly 考查词性转换。此处用副词修饰动词短语 take short breaks。68a 考查冠词。固定短语 for a while，意为“一会儿” 。69to_bring 考查非谓语动词。固定短语 be likely to do sth.，意为“可能做某事” 。70make 考查祈使句。分析句子结构
13、可知，but 连接两个并列分句。在第二个分句中，whatever 引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。Step 3：代入验证。需保证语法结构正确且语义符合逻辑，这样才能确保万无一失。知识清单(1)倒装句的各种情况：全部倒装；部分倒装；(2)强调句型的灵活性及考查方式的多样性；(3)各种不同的省略；(4)祈使句and/or陈述句；(5)几种不同结构的感叹句型。学情分析考生在特殊句式部分的学习中存在着以下几点问题：(1)考生对该部分的内容主要是识记比较困难，死记硬背，灵活运用能力不强；(2)缺乏总结归纳能力，该专题内容繁多，应该在识记的前提下，对所学知识进行归纳总结，4使其有一些规律可循；(3
14、)缺乏分析能力，在相似的句式中考生容易迷失方向而全凭感觉去解题。考点 1 倒装句1 全部倒装(1)表示地点或方位的副词或介词短语，如：here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, on the wall, under the tree 等置于句首，且主语是名词时。John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.约翰打开门，那儿站着一位他从来没见过的女孩。Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all
15、covered with blood.公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人，浑身是血。(2)代词 such 放在句首，且在句中作表语时。Such are the facts; no one can deny them.这些就是事实；没有人可以否认。(3)为平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密，常将作表语的形容词、副词、分词或介词短语提到句首，引起全部倒装。Seated in the first row are some workers.坐在第一排的是一些工人。Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.出席会议的是一些来自中国的科学家。注意
16、：上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。Away they went.他们走了。典题 1 2018温州十校联考Tomorrow well pay a visit to a museum, next to which _ (be) two nice restaurants where we can have Italian food.答案 are 表示地点或方位的副词或介词短语位于句首且主语为名词，使用全部倒装，此时谓语在主语之前，且主语为复数名词，故填 are。典题 2 2017浙江宁波模拟Look, _ (hang) on the back wall of the hall are pa
17、intings by us students.答案 hanging 在英语中分词短语位于句首时，应用全部倒装。正常语序句子为：Paintings by us students are hanging on the back wall of the hall.2 部分倒装(1)so/neither/norbe 动词/助动词/情态动词主语(表示前一句中的内容也适合另一人或另一事物)If Joes wife wont go to the party, neither will he.如果乔伊的妻子不参加晚会，他也不去。She has been to New York. So have I.5她去过纽
18、约，我也去过。注意：so 表示“是的，确实”时，主谓语不倒装。It is too hot.So it is.天太热了。是啊，的确很热。(2)表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时此类词有 not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way 等。Not a single song did she sing at yesterdays party.在昨天的晚会上她一首歌也没有唱。At no time wi
19、ll China be the first to use the nuclear weapon.在任何情况下中国决不会第一个使用核武器。(3)在 so/such . that . 句型中，若 so/such . 提到句首时In such a hurry did he leave the office that he forgot to lock the door.他离开办公室时太匆忙了，结果忘了锁门。(4)当“only状语(副词、介词短语或从句)”置于句首时Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.只有在我朋友来了之后，电脑才修好。
20、(5)表语、状语或动词原形as/though主语其他时，句子要倒装Much as I like it, Ill not buy it.尽管我很喜欢它，但我不会买。Pretty as she is, she is not proud.尽管她很漂亮，但她一点也不自负。Try as he would, he might fail again.尽管他还会试，但可能还会失败。(6)hardly/scarcely . when ., no sooner . than ., not only . but also . 等引导两个句子时，前一个句子用部分倒装，后一个句子不变。Hardly/Scarcely h
21、ad he heard the news when he began to cry.他一听到这个消息就开始哭了。The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.电脑被应用于教学中，结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对上课更感兴趣了。(7)在省略 if 的虚拟条件句中(当条件从句中有 were，had, should 时)Had you reviewed your lesson
22、s, you might have passed the examination.要是早复习了功课，你有可能就通过考试了。Should it not rain, we would go for a picnic tomorrow.要是明天不下雨，我们就可以去野餐了。典题 3 2017四川雅安中学月考From the picture we know, _ happy 6do the children feel that they are wild with joy.答案 so 根据句中的 that 从句和句意可知，该题为 so . that 句式，并将 so 部分置于句首引出的倒装。句意：从图片
23、中我们可知，孩子们感到很快乐以至于他们都要乐疯了。典题 4 Absurd _ it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa.答案 as/though 此处表述尽管那听起来很荒诞，另结合 as/though 引导让步状语从句时形成的倒装结构“形容词as/though主语谓语”可确定答案。典题 5 If we attach too much importance to money, we cannot find the real meaning of life, and nor _ we f
24、ind pleasure in life.答案 can 否定词位于句首时，应用部分倒装，其结构为“nor助/系/情态动词主语” ，其中助/系/情态动词取决于前一分句。结合句意填 can。考点 2 强调句1 强调句的基本句型是“It is/was被强调的部分that/who其他部分” 。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语或状语It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少而是我们将多少爱投入到我们所做的事情中。2 强调句的
25、特殊句式73 用助动词强调谓语如果要强调时态为一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中的谓语动词，我们在该动词前加助动词 do, does 或 did。Many of the films are from the USA, but we do give awards to films from other countries.许多电影来自于美国，但我们的确也给其他国家的影片颁奖。He did come to see you last Sunday, but you were out.他上周日的确来看过你，但是你出去了。典题 6 2018四川资阳诊断It is always the firefighte
26、rs _ take the lead to run to the very center, saving lives by risking their own.答案 that/who 分析句子结构可知，该句是强调句型，被强调的是句子主语，且指人。故填 that/who 均可。典题 7 It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common.答案 that 本句为强调句型。被强调的内容是 not until 引导的时间状语从句。句意：直到我们在一起待了几周后，我才
27、发现我们之间有很多共同之处。8考点 3 省略句1 在 when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if, though, as等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有 be 动词，而主语又与主句主语相同或主语是 it 时，从句的主语和 be 动词常被省略The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if (it is) carried out regularly, can improve our health.实验表明，如果有规律地进行适量运动能强身健体。2Im afra
28、id, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess 等作答句，后面可仅跟 so 与not，分别表示肯定或否定意义，代替宾语从句Do you think it will rain?I hope not (that it will not rain)你认为会下雨吗？我希望不下。Do you believe our team will win?I guess so(our team will win)你相信我们队会赢吗？我猜会赢。3 不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号 to(1)用来代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常用在 be afraid/glad/happy, expect
29、, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish 等的后边。I asked him to see the film, but he didnt want to.我请他去看电影，但他不想去。Will you join in the game?Id be glad to.你愿意加入游戏吗？我很高兴加入。(2)如果不定式中含有 be, have, have been，通常保留 be, have 和 have been。Are you a sailor?No, but I used to be
30、.你是海员吗？不，但我过去是。典题 8 2017江苏如东中学期中 The pipes have oil or water inside them, which is heated and sent to the storage tank until _ (need) to produce electricity.答案 needed 设空处表述“直到油或水被需要用来发电” ，补充完整为“until oil or water is needed to . ”。连词 until 引导的从句中主语与主句主语相同，且谓语动词含有 be 动词时，可省略“主语be” ，故填 needed。考点 4 反意疑问
31、句及其他91 反意疑问句(1)祈使句式的反意疑问句肯定的祈使句，简短问句用 will you/wont you。否定的祈使句，简短问句用 will you。lets 和 let us 引导的祈使句：lets 表“建议、征询”之意时，含听话者在内，故简短问句用 shall we；let us 表“建议、征询”之意时，不含听话者在内，故简短问句用will you。Lets go out for a walk after supper, shall we?晚饭后我们散散步，好吗？(2)must 表示猜测时的反意疑问句must be 是对现在的情况进行推测，按现在时的附加疑问句进行处理。He must
32、 be honest, isnt he?他肯定很诚实，不是吗？“must have done”用来推测过去的动作，强调对现在的影响。句中没有表示过去时间的状语时，按现在完成时的附加疑问句来处理；如有明确的表过去的时间状语，按一般过去时处理。It must have rained last night, didnt it?昨天晚上肯定下雨了，不是吗？He must have known the truth, hasnt he?他肯定知道了真相，不是吗？(3)主从复合句中，反意疑问句应与主句的主谓语保持一致。He left in a hurry because there was no time
33、left, didnt he?他匆忙离开了，因为没有时间了，不是吗？(4)当陈述部分是 I/We think/believe/expect/suppose 加从句时，反意疑问句应和从句的人称和时态保持一致。I dont think anyone can finish the experiment，can they?我认为并非人人都能完成实验，对吗？2 句型：祈使句and/or/otherwise简单句(多用将来时)(1)“祈使句/名词短语and简单句”表示“如果，就”“Only two centimeters higher，and you will break the world record
34、， ” encouraged the coach.“仅再高两厘米，你将打破世界纪录， ”教练鼓励说。Bring the flowers into a warm room and theyll soon open.将花放到暖和的房间里，它们将会很快开放。(2)“祈使句or/otherwise简单句”表示“，否则”Dont drive so fast, or/otherwise youll have an accident.不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。注意：“分词作状语结构主句”与该句型容易弄混，关注有没有连词即可。典题 9 I dont think he is the right person
35、 to do that job, _ he?10答案 is 在 think 后面跟宾语从句时的反意疑问句，若主句主语是第一人称，则按从句的人称和时态来判断，且该句中含有否定转移，否定词 not 本应在从句中，被前移至主句，故该题填 is。句意：我认为他并非做这份工作的合适人选，对吗？典题 10 2017河南平顶山三模One day after working in the garden after a while, Father said to his son, “Lets go fishing, _ we？” 答案 shall 以 lets 提问的句子，表示“建议” ，包括说话人在内，故填s
36、hall。典题 11 2017黑龙江大庆实验中学模拟Put your cellphone somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see while you are studying, _it may disturb you studying. 答案 or/otherwise 句意：当你学习的时候，把你的手机放到你记得的地方，而不是你看见它的地方，否则它会打扰你的学习。此句属于“祈使句or/otherwise”的句型。故填 or/otherwise。典题 12 A bit more effort, I think,
37、_ you will settle the problem.答案 and 先把插入语 I think 去掉，则不难看出“A bit more effort”是表示条件的名词短语，空格后为简单句，且表示顺承，故此处填 and。3 感叹句Error!How interesting a story it is!这是一个多有趣的故事啊！What fine weather it is today!今天天气真好！特殊句型结构在语法填空中主要考查对其掌握的熟练程度，所以我们要善于积累，牢记特殊句型结构，答题时，注意各句型在具体语言环境中的运用。NO.1 解题步骤1.透过包含空格的句子，来判断考查的句型。2根
38、据相关的知识点及需注意的要点来填充答案。NO.2 解题技巧1 考查倒装句时，考生注意主语与谓语即可，若直接颠倒过来，则考虑全部倒装；若助动词提前，主谓紧挨着，通常考虑部分倒装。2 在省略“主语be”结构中，通常填写给出动词的正确形式，该类型题目主要判断句子主语与考查动词之间的关系是主动还是被动，若主动一般填现在分词，若被动一般填过去分词。3 强调句型主要是与其他从句结合考查，去掉“It is/was . that/who”，句子的语法及语义仍完整和通顺的便是强调句型。典题 1 When we heard the exciting news, there was silence all over the
