1、1Module 5 Newspapers and Magazines阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35 分钟).阅读理解A(2018湖南长沙高三年级统一模拟考试)In between running one of the worlds largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsofts technology advisor, Bill Gates manages to find time to read books, both long and short. Now Gates who has been labeled a “greedy”
2、 reader has released a list of his favorite books. All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.Here are Bills top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book)Business Adventures, by John BrooksBrooks collection was p
3、ublished in 1969 and remains one of Gates favorites. He reread it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read.“Shortly after we met, Warren Buffett lent me this collection of business articles from The New Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s. I loved them as much as he did. Broo
4、ks insights (洞察力) into business have aged beautifully, and they are as true today as ever.”Capital in the TwentyFirst Century, by Thomas PikettyPikettys novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning income inequality throughout this year. Gates also got to sit down with
5、 Piketty himself after reading the nonfiction work to discuss the topic.“As I told him, although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions, I agree with his most important conclusions: inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it
6、.”How Asia Works, by Joe StudwellStudwells work, which was published in May 2014, addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth, and why other countries have failed to do the same.“The agriculture section of the book was particularly insightful. I
7、t provided ample food for thought for me as well as the whole Agriculture team at our foundation. And it left us thinking about whether parts of the Asian model can apply in Africa.”Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization, by Vaclav SmilSmils books are a constant favorite of the Mic
8、rosofts founder one of his books makes Gates list almost every year. “Making the Modern World” came out late in 2013 and explores the global use of materials, from silicon to wood and plastic.“If anyone tries to tell you were using fewer materials, send him this book. With his usual skepticism and h
9、is love of data, Smil shows how our ability to make things with fewer materials say, soda cans that need less aluminum makes them cheaper, which actually encourages more production.”【语篇解读】 本文介绍了比尔盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。【难句分析】 All of the books are standout reads, according to the 2billionaire, most of wh
10、ich are focused on business and economy.分析：该句为主从复合句，句中 most of which are focused on business and economy 为非限制性定语从句。译文：根据这位亿万富翁所言，所有的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书专注于商业和经济。1The books mentioned in the text are all about _.Acharity in the worldBbusiness and economyCpoverty in the worldDBill Gates life experience答案与解
11、析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy”可知，比尔盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书专注于商业和经济，故 B 项正确。【干扰项分析】 A 项意为“世界慈善” ，C 项意为“世界贫困” ，D 项意为“比尔盖茨的人生经历” ，都与第一段的文意不符。2Of the books, _ is best praised by Bill Gates.A How Asi
12、a WorksB Capital in the TwentyFirst CenturyC Business AdventuresD Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“He reread it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read”可知， Business Adventures 这本书是最受比尔盖茨称赞的，故 C 项正确。3.Gates once had a persona
13、l discussion with the author of _.A Capital in the TwentyFirst CenturyB Business AdventuresC How Asia WorksD Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the nonfiction work to discuss the topic”可知，比尔盖茨和
14、 Capital in the TwentyFirst Century 这本书的作者坐下来交谈过，故 A 项正确。4In How Asia Works, the author analyses _.Awhy African agriculture cannot develop fastBhow they can apply Asian economic model in African countriesCwhy Asia is slow in agricultural developmentDhow some Asian countries have rapidly grown in eco
15、nomy答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第七段的“addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth”可知， How Asia Works 主要介绍了一些亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国是如何快速发展经济的，故 D 项正确。B(2018东北三省四市教研联合体模拟二)In the tiny village of Angelica, New York, the post office is more than a place to get mail or se
16、nd packages. There youll find the heart of this lovely community. Its where villagers meet and greet friends.When Angelicas post office was threatened with being closed in the 1980s, a villager, Pat, came up with a plan to save it. “At Christmas time I would hear on the news about towns named Snow o
17、r Bethlehem having celebrations， ” says Pat. “Why couldnt we do the same thing with Angelica？”3Pat, who is an artist, created a postal cancellation (邮戳) design featuring an Angelica angel. She drew her angels in a traditional fashion and submitted her suggestion to the US. Postal Service. Once appro
18、ved, the drawing was carved into a cancellation stamp that could be used for one day only. The postmistress (女邮局局长) then had another idea to make the day even more specialcalling the post office Angel Station.The large increase in mail amount saved Angelicas post office from being closed and keeps t
19、he doors open today.Now its tradition that on the first Friday in December, people come to Angelica to mail their Christmas cards. Each year the amount of mail going through the Angelica Post Office increases during late November and early December. Stamp collectors from around the world have accept
20、ed the Angel Station cancellation, some sending mail from as far away as France.Because the stamp is destroyed each season, Pat draws a new angel that conveys seasons greetings from Angel Station every year. Post offices may close in other parts of the country, but this tiny one continues.【语篇解读】 本文是
21、一篇记叙文，讲述了一个想法挽救了一家邮局的故事。5What did Pat do to save the post office?AShe put forward an amazing idea.BShe encouraged people to mail letters.CShe created the name of Angel Station.DShe changed the image of the angel.答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，应选 A。【关键句】 . a villager, Pat, came up with a plan to save it.(第二段第
22、一句)译文：村民 Pat 想出了一个计划以挽救邮局。6Which of the following can best describe Pat?AStubborn and determined.BHumorous and intelligent.CCurious and friendly.DCreative and warmhearted.答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“a villager, Pat, came up with a plan to save it”可知，Pat 不是邮局的工作人员，但她却积极地想办法以挽救邮局，因此 Pat 很热心；根据第三段第一句“Pat, wh
23、o is an artist, created a postal cancellation (邮戳) design featuring an Angelica angel.”可推知，Pat 很有创意。故选 D。7What can we learn about the post office from the passage?AIt was completely closed in the 1980s.BIts stamp remains the same each season.CIts name has been changed many times.DIt is also the cent
24、er of local social life.答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Its where villagers meet and greet friends.”可知，这个邮局是村民和朋友们聚会的地方。因此，这个邮局是当地的社交中心。故选 D。【长难句分析】 Once approved, the drawing was carved into a cancellation stamp that could be used for one day only.(第三段第三句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。that 引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词 a cancellation
25、stamp; Once approved 为“连词过去分词”构成的省略条件状语从句。译文：这个图案一旦被批准，就会被刻在邮戳上，这种邮戳只能在特定某天使用。C(2018安徽百所重点高中二模)4In March, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio ended a decadelong citywide ban on cellphones in public schools and left them to make up their own rules because he argued that by denying access for some stud
26、ents, the city was exacerbating (使加重) the achievement gap in students performance.Two researchers from the London School of Economics, Richard Murphy and LouisPhilippe Beland argued that this might have the opposite effect because students are not generally using their phones to assist in their clas
27、sroom work during school. “Schools could significantly reduce the education achievement gap by prohibiting cellphone use in schools, and so by allowing phones in schools, New York may unintentionally increase the inequalities of outcomes， ” they told CNN.However, some educators have come to embrace
28、the technology in their students pockets. Teacher Ken Halla has been teaching world history and Advanced Placement for 22 years but his students cellphone ownership forced him to adapt to his classroom dynamics where he no longer is the single authority lecturing, according to the National Education
29、 Association (NEA). He now roams (漫步) the classroom and encourages students to use their cellphones to help them complete their assignments, this way they are less likely to let their devices distract themselves.“Its harder to do negative behavior when the phones are out and the teacher is walking a
30、round， ” Mr. Halla told the NEA. “Ive always been that_type_of_person who likes to adapt and change as time goes on. Otherwise, I wouldnt still be teaching many years down the road.”【语篇解读】 本文为议论文。纽约市决定放开在公立学校使用手机的禁令，此举引起不同的反响。8Why was the ban on cellphones stopped in New York public schools?AIt nega
31、tively affected students health.BIt limited most students progress.CIt brought about unexpected side effects.DIt was requested by parents and students.答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“because he argued that by denying access for some students, the city was exacerbating (使加重) the achievement gap in students per
32、formance”可知纽约市放开公立学校的手机使用禁令的主要原因是该禁令拉大了学生之间的学业差距，即产生了负面影响。故选 C。9How did the two researchers find New Yorks act?AAppreciative. BMeaningless.CImpractical. DWorrying.答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“so by allowing phones in schools, New York may unintentionally increase the inequalities of outcomes”可知这两位研究人员(Rich
33、ard Murphy 和 LouisPhilippe Beland)对纽约市的这一做法表示担忧，认为此举可能加剧结果的不均衡，故选 D。10What is Hallas class like?AStudents can solve problems using cellphones.BStudents can use cellphones at will.CThe class focuses on how to use cellphones.DHe is the only center of the entire class.答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He now roams
34、 (漫步) the classroom and encourages students to use their cellphones to help them complete their assignments”可知在 Halla 的课堂上，他鼓励学生利用手机完成作业，故选 A。干扰项分析：B 项的干扰性比较大，B 项意为“学生可以随意使用手机” ，但是第三段中说的是 Halla 鼓励学生用手机完成他们的作业，第四段又提到“Its harder to do 5negative behavior when the phones are out and the teacher is walki
35、ng around”，由此可知，在 Halla 的课堂上，学生并非可以随意使用手机。11What does the phrase “that type of person” in the last paragraph refer to?AA tolerant one. BA humorous one.CAn easygoing one. DAn openminded one.答案与解析：D 考查词义猜测。根据最后一段画线部分后的定语从句“who likes to adapt and change as time goes on”可知，Halla 是能接受新思想，能与时俱进的人，故选 D。D(2
36、018乌鲁木齐高三诊断)When Lone Star College student Dwyanya Earnhardt first heard about a food pantry (食品室 ) opening at her college in September 2015, she was embarrassed to ask for help, but knew she needed it. Shes used the food pantry several times since.Lone Star Montgomery Campus is among a growing numb
37、er of US colleges opening food pantries for students. In the Houston area alone, San Jacinto College and the University of Houston Downtown (UHD) have also added them. UHD opened its food pantry in spring 2015. Its hoping to increase its use among students through a program being launched this term.
38、 About 100 to 150 students will be awarded food scholarships to use in a new food bank constructed inside the student services building.“More students of different backgrounds have access to higher education, but that you got in doesnt mean you have the support coming from home to keep you in， ” sai
39、d Patrick Jefferson, UHDs assistant vice president for student affairs.“Many of the students come after work, take their class, then they go home, and they dont leave their challenges at the front door， ” said Jefferson. “Were recognizing that we just cant say, We only worry about our students acade
40、mic challenges. We have to think about the student as a whole person.”The majority of donations to Lone Stars food pantry have come from teachers and students. The food pantry is open from noon until 3 pm. on Tuesdays and Fridays, but students can request it at another time if needed. Nearly 590 stu
41、dents have used the pantry since it opened last fall.San Jacinto College has been offering food pantry services twice a month to students since 2013. The college sends a bag of items on certain days and has received more than 1 000 student requests since it began. It allows students from all income
42、levels to request food. UHD and Lone Star Montgomery Campus also follow the same policy.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇报道。美国的一些大学设立了食品室，旨在援助学生。各种收入水平的学生都能申请食物。12When a food pantry was first opened in Lone Star College, _.Ait was quite new to all AmericansBall colleges in the US followed the exampleCDwyanya Earnhardt w
43、as not aware of its necessityDDwyanya Earnhardt felt uncomfortable to ask for help答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Lone Star 大学首次设立食品室时，去求助的 Dwyanya 感到很不自在。故选 D。【关键句】 . she was embarrassed to ask for help, but knew she needed 6it.(第一段第一句)译文：她觉得去求助很尴尬，但她知道自己确实需要。13The food pantry in UHD is intended to _.Abui
44、ld a new food bankBgive support to studentsCoffer services to teachersDaward 250 students scholarships答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第二、三段内容可推知，UHD 设立食品室是为了给予学生支持。故选 B。14Patrick Jefferson holds the idea that _.Astudents have to balance between work and studyBstudents academic challenges are his main concernCaccess
45、 to higher education means easily continuing schoolingDstudents challenges involve academic challenges and other problems答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句和第四段开头所列举的“come after work, take their class, then.”可推知，Patrick Jefferson 认为学生面临的挑战不仅包括学业方面，还有其他问题。故选 D。【关键句】 Were recognizing that we just cant say, “We on
46、ly worry about our students academic challenges.” We have to think about the student as a whole person.(第四段最后两句)译文：我们正在认识到，我们不能只说， “我们只担心学生学业上的挑战。 ”我们必须把学生看作一个完整的人。15What can be inferred about the food pantries in Lone Star College and San Jacinto College?ABoth of them offer services twice a week.BB
47、oth of their donators are teachers and students.CNeither of them sets income level standards for students.DNeither of them has received as many as 1 000 student requests.答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知，Lone Star 大学和 San Jacinto 大学都没有向领取食物的学生设定收入水平标准。故选 C。【关键句】 It allows students from all income levels t
48、o request food. UHD and Lone Star Montgomery Campus also follow the same policy.(最后一段最后两句)译文：所有收入水平的学生都可以去领取食物。UHD 和 Lone Star Montgomery 校区也遵循同样的政策。【亮点句积累】 Nearly 590 students have used the pantry since it opened last fall.(第五段最后一句)译文：自从去年秋天开设食品室以来，已有近 590 名学生使用了它。.七选五(2018江西九校高三联考)Success is so mu
49、ch more than just money or fame. Success is about being able to live a happy and fulfilling life that allows you to be true to who you really are. _1_Have belief in yourselfIf you dont believe in yourself, how do you expect other people to? _2_ It also helps you to take a leap of faith when it comes to going after what it is that you truly desire._3_I
