1、1Unit 4 Cyberspace高考试卷分块专练练 一 阅 读 理 解 提 速 练 限 时 35分 钟 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)AEver want to peek at a celebritys gift list? For the curious and those in need of a few holiday ideas, we tracked down some people. Their answers might surprise you.Martin DahindenSWISS AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED STATES
2、TO GIVE: I like things to be practical and well thoughtout. I would say that is typically Swiss. I would gift someone a Swiss Army Knife, a useful gift in many ways. Victorinox Swiss Army Spartan Pocket Knife, 17.13. Victorinox Swiss Army EvoWood 17 Swiss Army Knife, 54.97. amazon. com.Sylvia Colell
3、aFOUNDER OF FASHION AND LIFESTYLE BLOG SIMPLY SYLVIATO GIVE: One thing that keeps me motivated is greatlooking workout or athletic wear, so I enjoy gifting pieces from my favorite brands, like Michi, Alo Yoga and Spiritual Gangster. Koral Lustrous Legging, 95. Michi Bionic Bra, 95.Melissa HoRENWICK
4、GALLERY CURATOR OF 20THCENTURY ARTTO GIVE: I would give this book to any Washingtonian who was foolish enough to miss the extraordinary Robert Irwin exhibition at the Hirshhorn this summer. The magic of Irwins phenomenological art is difficult to convey in either photographs or words, yet Hankinss p
5、rose makes the story of his breakthrough years both accessible and enjoyable. Robert Irwin: All the Rules Will Change by Evelyn C. Hankins, 35.90. amazon. com.Kwame AlexanderPOET AND NEWBERYWINNING AUTHOR OF“THE CROSSOVER”TO GIVE: A childrens book gift basket with some of my favorites: Zoe in Wonder
6、land by Brenda Woods, anything by Mo Willems, Debbie Levy and Vanessa BrantleyNewtons We Shall Overcome, and this really cool novel called The 2Crossover. I Dissent, 14.10. We Shall Overcome, 15.65. Zoe in Wonderland, 14.21. The Crossover, 10.36. amazon. com.语 篇 解 读 ： 本 文 是 应 用 文 。 假 日 礼 物 该 选 什 么 ？
7、 看 看 这 些 人 的 回 答 。21Who may be a huge fitness enthusiast?AMelissa Ho. BSylvia Colella.CMartin Dahinden. DKwame Alexander.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据 Sylvia Colella 部分中的“One thing that keeps me motivated is greatlooking workout or athletic wear”可知选 B 项。22How much should you pay at least if you buy a Swiss Army K
8、nife and Hankinss book?A35.90. B53.03.C54.97. D90.87.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据 Martin Dahinden 部分中的 “Victorinox Swiss Army Spartan Pocket Knife, 17.13”以及 Melissa Ho 部分中的“ Robert Irwin: All the Rules Will Change by Evelyn C. Hankins, 35.90”可知选 B 项。23Which of the following is the most suitable for kids?A We Sha
9、ll Overcome.BKoral Lustrous Legging.C Robert Irwin: All the Rules Will Change.DVictorinox Swiss Army EvoWood 17 Swiss Army Knife.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据 Kwame Alexander 部分中的 “A childrens book gift basket with some of my favorites .We Shall Overcome， ”可知选 A 项。BA woman who was born with no arms and legs has b
10、een inspiring people across the globe with her full and active lifestyle. As well as homeschooling her tenyearold son, Pauline Victoria Aughe, 36, from Hawaii, also has a successful career as a fundraiser and motivational speaker. She is now posting inspirational videos on YouTube to show how she de
11、als with everyday tasks to prove that nothing is impossible.Pauline said, “I was born with no limbs and so I dont know any difference. But the fact that I have no limbs doesnt stop me doing anything. I even drive and I know that must shock some people. I have realised that people who watch my YouTub
12、e videos in which I show people how I can eat, put on 3makeup, drive and even send emails without legs and arms can be inspired to change their lives, and thats what I try to do help other people achieve their full potential.” Despite the challenges that life has thrown at her, Pauline also admits s
13、he is an eternal (永恒的) optimist.When she was young, she did as many things as she could like a normal teenager, like getting involved in sports teams and school clubs. When it came to starting university, Pauline was also determined to “go it alone” and deliberately chose to study in another city to
14、 prove her independence. She got accepted to study broadcast journalism at Santa Clara University in San Francisco in 1993, and aside from occasionally asking her roommate for help when using the bathroom, Pauline used the skills she had developed as a child to manage by herself at university. And s
15、he continued to solve problems in daily life with her developing skills after she graduated. She got a job at a hightech market research company and finally became a disability advocate for a local council.She said, “I am determined to do as many things as I can by myself. There will be new challeng
16、es every day, but they cant stop me just because I have no arms and legs.”语篇解读：本文讲述了来自美国夏威夷州的 Pauline Victoria Aughe 靠假肢和轮椅活出精彩人生的故事。24The first paragraph serves as_.Aa comment Ba backgroundCan explanation Dan introduction解析：选 D 文章结构题。第一段主要对 Pauline Victoria Aughe 的状况进行了基本介绍，从而引出下文。所以可判断第一段为引言，因此选 D
17、。25What can we know from the second paragraph?APauline wasnt an optimist at a young age.BPauline wants to achieve her full potential.CPauline thinks she is different from others.DPaulines behaviour can inspire people to change their lives.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段 Pauline 所说的话“I have realised that people w
18、ho watch my YouTube videos in which I show people how I can eat, put on makeup, drive and even send emails without legs and arms can be inspired to change their lives .”可知，她的行为可以激励人们改变他们的人生。因此选 D。426What is the correct order for the following events in Paulines life?She worked as a disability advoca
19、te.She decided to study in another city.She got accepted by Santa Clara University.She worked at a hightech market research company.A BC D解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.Pauline was also determined to go it aloneand deliberately chose to study in another city to prove her independence. She got accepted to stu
20、dy broadcast journalism at Santa Clara University in San Francisco in 1993 .She got a job at a hightech market research company and finally became a disability advocate for a local council.”可知，她首先决定去另一座城市上大学，随后被旧金山圣塔克拉大学广播新闻专业录取，毕业之后顺利进入一家高科技市场调查公司工作，最后在地方议会做一名残疾人倡导者。因此选 C。27The text is most probabl
21、y taken from_.Aan inspirational website Ba diaryCan advertisement Da novel解析：选 A 文章出处题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述 Pauline Victoria Aughe 靠假肢和轮椅活出精彩人生的故事。她用自身经历鼓励人们努力生活，改变自己的人生，是一则励志的故事，因此选 A。C(2018湖北省鄂西北联考)It happens to most firsttime fish keepers. They run to a fish store, pick out the bestlooking fish, and g
22、et all the things they need for their tanks. Then they fill up their tanks and put their fish in the water. Over the course of the next week, their fish arent looking so good. Then all of a sudden, all of their fish start to die off.Luckily, there is an explanation. Ammonia (氨) and nitrite (亚硝酸盐) ar
23、e toxic to fish. You see, keeping fish in a tank produces ammonia. If a fish is placed in a new tank, the tank wont be equipped with the ability to change that ammonia into a less harmful chemical. And thats why they die.To avoid the whole failure, you have to understand a little something called th
24、e Nitrogen Cycle (氮循环). After ammonia is produced in a tank, a kind of bacterium that is naturally found in water (a bacterium that consumes 5ammonia and produces nitrite) reproduces itself to form a large enough area to change all ammonia into nitrite. As the concentration (浓度) of nitrite increases
25、, the same thing happens to nitrite, which happened to ammonia. A group of bacteria that change nitrite into nitrate (硝酸盐) form in large numbers. The cycle takes about one week to several months, depending on your technique. When a tank reaches a point where it can change all ammonia and nitrite bei
26、ng produced in a tank to nitrate before they reach harmful concentrations, it has finished the Nitrogen Cycle it is safe for fish.So before you ever place a fish into a tank from now on, use some skills to make it do that first. To do so, slightly increase ammonia concentration of your tank. If afte
27、r 24 hours, your tank has no mark of ammonia or nitrite, you can ensure that its cycled. You just need to perform a partial water change and your tank is ready for fish.语篇解读：本文是说明文。新手养鱼经常遇到这样的问题：他们刚养不久的鱼相继死去。这是因为新鱼缸没有经过氮循环，从而导致鱼中毒死亡。28What can we learn from Para. 1?AIts really hard for people to kee
28、p fish well.BThe author feels very sorry for those dead fish.CNew fish keepers begin to raise fish in a hurry.DPeople have no idea how to use their tanks well.解析：选 C 推理判断题。第一段描述了养鱼新手经常会遇到的问题：他们刚养的鱼很快就死了；由第二段的最后两句可知这是因为新买的鱼缸没有经过氮循环，从而导致鱼中毒而死；由此可推知，作者在第一段中想说明新手养鱼太仓促了。29Which of the following can repla
29、ce the underlined word “toxic” in Para. 2?AOpen. BHarmful.CFamiliar. DBeneficial.解析：选 B 词义猜测题。由第二段的“the tank wont be equipped with the ability to change that ammonia into a less harmful chemical”可推知，ammonia 和nitrite 这两种化学物质对鱼类有害。30What do we know about the Nitrogen Cycle?AIt makes sure of fishs safe
30、ty.BIt provides all the nutrition fish need.CIt increases the concentration of ammonia.6DIt produces more chemicals to clean the tank.解析：选 A 细节理解题。由第三段的内容尤其是最后一句“it has finished the Nitrogen Cycle it is safe for fish”可知，新买的鱼缸经过氮循环之后，人们就可以用它来养鱼了；故选 A。31Which question cant be answered in the text?AWha
31、ts the right way to raise fish in a new tank?BWhat happens during the Nitrogen Cycle?CWhy are fish in a new tank likely to die?DWhy is nitrate less harmful to fish?解析：选 D 推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了养鱼新手常遇到的问题，第二段解释了造成这种问题的原因，第三段具体介绍了氮循环的过程，最后一段介绍了用新鱼缸养鱼的正确方法；故选 D。DA recent Stanford study found that Americas stud
32、ents are shockingly bad at telling fact from fiction in this digital age. Its apparent that something has to change in the nations classrooms. That something, according to Professor Sam Wineburg, one of those Stanford researchers, is “practice.”“How do they become prepared to make the choices about
33、what to believe, what to forward, what to post to their friends， ” Wineburg asked on NPRs All Things Considered, “when teachers give no practice to them？”Patricia Hunt, an experienced teacher at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Va., is doing something she has never done before: helping to pilot a
34、 new, digital course called the checkology virtual classroom. It comes from the nonprofit The News Literacy Project.Hunts students, most of them seniors, work in threes or fours. Theyre presented with a series of stories that are rapidly and broadly spread via the Internet. Some are false informatio
35、n. Some are ads. And some are pure fact.“We dont know which is which at this point， ” laughs student Kahder Smith. “We actually have to sit down, take our time, and actually read them. And probably Google some stuff to see if its real or not.”A post claims that more than a dozen people died after re
36、ceiving the flu vaccine (疫苗) in Italy and that the CDC (Centers for Disease Control) is now telling people not to get a flu shot.“I mean, Ive heard many unconfirmed reports that the flu shots bad for 7you， ” student Autumn Cooper says. But instinct (直觉) tells her the storys wrong. “It just doesnt lo
37、ok like a reliable source. It looks like this is off Facebook and someone shared it.” Cooper labels the story “fiction”. And shes right.Instead of teaching students the fundamentals of factchecking, many schools simply ignore the problem, blocking social media sites on school computers.“Its like tea
38、ching students to drive in the parking lot and then sending them out on the highway and saying Good luck！ ” says Audrey Church, president of the American Association of School Librarians.语篇解读：本文是议论文。美国的一些学校开设了教学生如何鉴别网络消息真假的课程，很多专家学者表示赞同。32What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
39、AStanford researchers. BMedia people.CStudents. DTeachers.解析：选 C 代词指代题。根据第一段中的“Americas students are shockingly bad at telling fact from fiction in this digital age”可知，在电子时代，美国的学生缺乏辨别真假消息的能力，由此可推测，这里是问“这些学生”怎样才能做好准备选择相信、传递、发布哪些消息呢？另外，根据第二段末的“when teachers give no practice to them”也可推测，这里的 they 指的是学生
40、。33How does Hunt run the digital course?ABy inviting experts to give students lectures.BBy asking students to go on the Internet together.CBy taking students to a news organization regularly.DBy letting students identify factual information in groups.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第四、五段内容可知，Hunt 让她的学生三四人一组鉴别真假消息。34
41、According to Church, what should schools do?AHelp students improve driving skills.BTeach students how to spot false news.CAllow students to drive on the highway.DAsk students to avoid using social media.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知，Church 认为学校屏蔽社交媒体的做法就像是在停车场教会学生们开车后让他们直接上高速，这样做无疑风险很大。由此可8推测他反对学校屏蔽社交媒体的做
42、法，而是希望学校能够教孩子们如何识别假新闻。35What does the text mainly discuss?AThe findings of a recent Stanford study.BAn educational issue in the digital age.CThe influence of a widely spread post.DAn experienced high school teacher.解析：选 B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讨论了在电子时代，老师如何帮助学生们学会鉴别网络消息的真假，这是一个教育问题。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10
43、 分)(2018江西省红色七校联考)Take a look at your mobile device (设备). Do you see oily fingerprints and dust? _36_You take your electronics into public restrooms, pass them around to share photos, and press them against sweaty skin in gyms. Repeated studies show your mobile device may be dirtier than the bottom
44、of your shoe. _37_Cleaning your device can be difficult because you dont want to damage it and manufacturers dont give you much guidance. _38_ Health experts suggest wiping your device down with a slightly wet microfiber (超细纤维) cloth at least daily, which is enough to rid it of fingerprints and dust
45、. Bacteria and viruses may require agents like alcohol.To clean his mobile device, Derek Meister, a technician for Best Buys repair and online support service, mixes 70 percent alcohol and 30 percent water. You can do the same thing. Fill a spray bottle (喷壶) with alcohol and water, lightly wet a mic
46、rofiber cloth, and gently wipe down the screen and case. _39_Using a can of compressed (压缩的) air to blow between keys will help keep your devices look, performance, and resale value when its time to upgrade. This gets rid of dust that can damage electronics. Another way is to buy a specialized air c
47、ompressor like the Data Vac Electric Duster. _40_“An air compressor gets things really clean， ” says Miroslav Djuric, former chief information architect at ifixit. com, an online doityourself community.AIt helps clean your device thoroughly.BIs there a hair stuck at the screens edge?CDo you want to
48、pass it around the table?9DIt can be done, however, if youre careful.ERemember, never spray directly onto the device.FApple officially warns against using them to clean its products.GTherefore, your mobile device is something you should clean regularly.语 篇 解 读 ： 本 文 是 说 明 文 。 文 章 介 绍 了 如 何 清 洁 移 动 设
49、 备 。36解析：选 B B 项不仅符合本空上一句的问句形式，而且和上句一样，都是在问你有没有发现自己的移动设备很脏，符合此处语境。37解析：选 G 根据上句内容可知，移动设备可能比鞋底都脏， “因此，你应该定期清洁你的移动设备” 。38解析：选 D 本空上一句说清洁自己的移动设备很难，后文却介绍如何清洁自己的移动设备，因此本空应该起承上启下的作用，故 D 项(然而，如果你小心的话，你可以清洁自己的移动设备)符合此处语境。39解析：选 E 上一句介绍用喷壶装上酒精和水，把超细纤维的布子喷湿，然后用这个布子轻轻擦拭屏幕和外壳，故 E 项“千万不要直接喷在设备上”承接上文，符合此处语境。40解析：选 A 根据下
