1、Words and Expressions,Unit Three Passage B,ambitious adj. having a strong desire for success, power, wealthHe is ambitious to succeed in life.He is politically ambitious.Jiangsu Province intends to cash in on the ambitious economic renaissance being planned for the neighboring city Shanghai.ambition
2、 ambitiouslybe ambitious to do/be ambitious of/ for sth.,More to learn, 四级真题 1. My brothers plan are very _; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen. A. arbitrary B. aggressive C. ambitious D. abundant答案: C arbitrary 任意的,武断的 aggressive 好斗的,侵略性的abundant 丰富的,More to learn,六
3、级真题2. My sister is quite _-and plans to get an M.A. degree within one year.(2000-01-58）aggressive B. enthusiastic C. considerate D. ambitiousKey: Daggressive 好斗的,侵略性的enthusiastic热心的considerate： 考虑周到的,2. appliance n.器具，用具，（尤指）家用电器，器械，装置.This kitchen is full of electrical appliance, such as washing ma
4、chine, dish washer, liquidizer,etc. 派生: applianceapply 应用 application 申请 application,More to learn,辨析:appliance, instrument, equipment, facility, implement1) appliance 多指电器，器械（that is especially worked mechanically or by electricity)a medical appliance/ electrical appliances2) instrument 尤指精细工作或科学上所
5、用的仪器3) equipment指一台一台的machine或instrument等的统称,指为了生产,工作和研究所需要的 “设备”、 “装备”、 “装置”。4) facility的涵盖面比equipment宽，指使工作便利的一切东西或环境，包括为某一用途修建的建筑物等，所以对应于汉语的“设施” 5) implement多用于农园艺等方面的工具。,3. comparable a. equivalent; similar; that can be compared 比得上的(to);同等的,类似的,可比的(with)The income of farmers is not comparable a
6、t present to that of townspeople.The girls are of comparable ages.A heart is comparable with a pump.Nothing is comparable to her beauty.派生:compare v. comparative adj.比较的，比较上的,More to learn,六级真题 The new laser printer is _ with all leading software. A. comparable B. competitive C. compatible D. cooper
7、ative答案:C,4.chill vt. 使变冷,使冷冻,使感到冷 (同)cold. freeze n. 1)寒冷,寒气2)风寒,寒战(同)cold ,coolness The freezing weather chilled me to the bone 严寒的天气使我感到冷水刺骨. She is charmed by the president but also chilled by what she sees as his inexhaustible deed.There s quite a chill in the air this morning.词组: cast a chill
8、over .使扫兴,泼冷水 catch/take a chill 风寒,感冒,着凉chilly adj. 冷漠的，寒冷的.,More to learn,辨析:cool指不冷不热的,即凉爽的chilly指颇冷的,使人感到有些不舒服的冷cold 最常用,指冷的,尤指低于人的体温的冷a cool breeze-一阵凉爽的微风a chilly wind-一阵冷飕飕的风a cold wind-一阵寒风,5.Compact adj.1) firmly and closely packed together; dense密集的 2)small but cleverly made or arranged 小巧
9、的，微型的n. 契约，协定 v. to press sth. tightly and solidly together使紧密，结实How did you fit so much into so little compact room?The apartment has a compact but well-equipped kitchen.When he left, he took a compact camera with him.They made a compact not to betray each other.Is it possible to compact snow into
10、ice?The road was compacted by vehicles.派生:compactness n.; compactor; compacting,More to learn,pete vi 竞争,比赛compete against sb for sth.和竞赛compete for和.争夺,比赛compete with和竞争,竞赛 Its difficult for a small grocery store to compete with a supermarket 一家小的食品店很难与一家超级市场相竞争.We must compete with Japanese compan
11、ies for world market.我们要同日本公司竞争国际市场。派生: competence能力，胜任 competent adj.有能力的，能胜任的 competitor 竞争者 competition 竞争,竞赛 competitive 竞争的 ,比赛的,More to learn,辨析； 1)compete竞争的目的是为了争得名次,奖品,不含有将对手征服的意思. Only two boys are competing for the cup 只有两个男孩争夺奖杯.2)contend 努力不懈,奋力克敌 Our basketball team is contending with
12、one from the next town for the championship .我们篮球队正与邻镇的篮球队争夺冠军3)rival作名词时指“情敌”、“对手”，作动词“匹敌”The two men are business rivals.4)contest所表示的“竞赛”可以是友谊赛，也可以是有敌意的竞赛，旨在比试技能、能力、力气、耐久力等The two armies are contesting every inch ground.,More to learn,7.contractvi 缩小,收缩 订合同,订契约 n. adj: contracted 已订约的/已收缩的They mi
13、ght take legal action against you if you break the contract. Metal contracts as it becomes cool.金属冷却时体积会缩小He contracted his brows.Having contracted to do the repairs, we cannot withdraw now.词组：sign a contract 签定合同contract out:把 承包出去be under contract to sb. 立约为某人工作,More to learn, 辨析 attract; contract
14、; distract; extractagreement & contract agreement 一般的书面或口头的协议, This is only a gentlemens agreement. 这仅是君子协议 contract 具有法律效力的书面合同或和约 Iam under contract to teach here for 5 years.我已签了在此任教5年的合同,8. dominate vt.1) to have or exercise control or power (over) 支配,控制,占优势The strong usually dominate over the w
15、eek.The children tend to resist the parents who always dominate their life.A great man can dominate others by force of character.耸立于，俯视The church dominates the town.vi 居支配地位，处于最重要的地位 =prevail联想记忆：dominant a. 支配的,统治的 dominance 优势,控制dominative a.支配的 ,占优势的 domination n. 统治，管辖,More to learn,同义：rule, con
16、trol, governrule指通过制定法律,发号施令或行使绝对的权力完全控制别人.govern运用权力管理得以维持dominate指以自己为中心,要求别人服从自己,More to learn,六级真题 ： The book is expected to _ the best-seller lists.进入畅销书单 A. promote B. prevail C. dominate D exemplify. 答案:Cpromote 促进,提升 prevail盛行exemplify 例证,9. luxury n. 1)great comfort, esp. as provided by exp
17、ensive and beautiful things2)something expensive or hard to obtainIts a luxury to dine in such an elegant restaurant.During the war, champagne was a real luxury.We cannot afford many luxuries.Inflation is bring us true democracy. For the first time in history, luxuries and necessities are selling at
18、 the same price. (Robert Orben)通货膨胀正带给我们真正的民主历史中头一次，奢侈品和必需品以同样的价钱出售luxurious a. 奢侈的 luxuriate v. 尽情享受luxuriant a. 茂盛的,繁茂的,典型考题 There is nothing better after a hard days work than to _ in a hot bath. A. luxury B. luxurious C. luxuriate D. luxuriant答案:Cluxury coach; luxury tax; luxury uptake,10.mainst
19、ream 主流Disabled people should enter the mainstream of social life.This was the companys first step into the mainstream of commercial movies.mainbody 主体,正文mainland 大陆,主体mainstay 支柱,中流砥柱mainframe中央处理机mainspring主要因素，原因,11. outflank v. (1) 侧翼包剿 The general has to make a choice between a direct frontal a
20、ttack and an outflanking movement to the west. (2) 出奇制胜Jacks proposal was outflanked by those of more radical reformers.He was totally outflanked in the debate.outlast; outlive, outnumber; outplay v. 远胜；大败（对手）,典型考题 Sales representatives need to be _ and dynamic because they are constantly meeting ne
21、w customers. A. outflanking B. outflowing C. outgrowing D. outgoing答案: D开朗和充满生气的outflow 外流 outgrow 长得比大outgoing 开朗的,12. revenue (公司)收入, 国家税收The government took back all the illegal revenue of the retailers.Company revenue rose 4% last year.典型考题 Government _ have fallen dramatically with four million
22、 people out of work. A. revenges B. reverences C. revenues D. revers答案:Crevenge 报复 reverence 尊敬revers (衣服的)翻边,翻口Income 个人收入,13. smashv. 1) to (cause to) break into pieces violently and noisily 2) roved of n.The angry crowd started smashing cars on the road.A glass cup fell off and smashed into piece
23、s.The government has said it will take whatever action necessary to smash the separation of the country.Her first movie was an international box-office smash.她的第一部电影是轰动的国际性票房电影smash down; smash up; smash into; smash hitWhen crossing the street, the old lady was smashed down by a bike.A luxurious car
24、 was smashed up on the free way.The car smashed into a wall.,六级真题 A window in the kitchen was _; there was rubbish everywhere, and the curtains and carpets had been stolen.A. scattered B. scraped C. scratched D. smashed答案: Dscatter 分散,散开 scrape 刮掉,擦掉scratch 勾抹掉,14. target v. to cause to have an effe
25、ct on a particular, intentionally limited group 以 为目标 n. This computer is targeted specifically at teenagers.Most ads target a specific area of the market.The hunters target was a wild animal.Steel production was targeted for 60 000 tons last year.target on/at sth./sb.The sales campaign was targeted
26、 at the youth market.,典型考题 During the Cold War American missiles were targeted _ Russian cities. A. to B. out C. on D. off 答案:Ctarget on/at,15. open upto展开,摊开The government opens up the future development of the country to its citizens.(2) 使可利用,使通往The research opens up the possibility to find a cure
27、 for the disease.,16. So far到目前为止，迄今为止So far the work has been easy but things may change. So far so good.(2) 到某个程度I can trust him only so far.So far that has been by far the tallest building in the city.,1.Government _ have risen dramatically with the successful readjustment of the state-owned ente
28、rprises.,revenues,2.By _ young people aged 15 to 25, the TV series turned out to be quite a hit.,targeting,Ex. 11Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary.,alongsideapplianceclaimcomparablefilm (v.)loyalrevenuesmashtarget (v.)via,3.Some think that instead of giving
29、us more leisure time, such _ as computers just seem to add to the pressures of modern life.,appliances,4.People all over the world were shocked when they learned of the death of Princess Diana _ television and radio.,via,Ex. 11Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessa
30、ry.,alongsideapplianceclaimcomparablefilm (v.)loyalrevenuesmashtarget (v.)via,Ex. 11Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary.,alongsideapplianceclaimcomparablefilm (v.)loyalrevenuesmashtarget (v.)via,5.When the host team was beaten, the furious football fan threw t
31、he beer bottle at his TV set, _ it to pieces.,smashing,6.Nowadays, 80% of companies make the best profits from keeping customers who remain _ to them.,loyal,Ex. 11Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary.,alongsideapplianceclaimcomparablefilm (v.)loyalrevenuesmasht
32、arget (v.)via,7.To be granted a substantial yearly bonus (奖金) is considered _ to getting a raise in pay.,comparable,8.My ID card is locked up in the top drawer _ some important documents.,alongside,Ex. 11Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Make changes where necessary.,alongsideappliancec
33、laimcomparablefilm (v.)loyalrevenuesmashtarget (v.)via,9.With so many people _ unemployment benefit, you cant expect the economy of that country to recover soon.,claiming,10.As it was _ in a mountain village, the movie gives a realistic picture of country life.,filmed,1.It _ everyones _ that his deb
34、ut album (个人首张专集) stayed in the American Top Ten Charts for 15 weeks.,beat expectation,2._ there has been no effective medicine against the disease although a lot of effort has been made to find one.,So far,Ex. 12Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Make cha
35、nges where necessary.,build up on basis beat ones expectation at home so far,3.The factory has _ a good reputation for its products by attaching great importance to quality and after-sales service.,built up,4.Whenever the South Korean football team were playing _, thousands of fans would come to the
36、 stadium to support them.,at home,Ex. 12Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Make changes where necessary.,build up on basis beat ones expectation at home so far,5.Online educational courses would be put to use _ a global _ in the following decade.,on basis,Ex. 12Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Make changes where necessary.,build up on basis beat ones expectation at home so far,
