1、财务管理专业英语business企业 商业 业务financial risk财务风险sole proprietorship私人业主制企业partnership合伙制企业limited partner有限责任合伙人general partner一般合伙人separation of ownership and control所有权与经营权分离claim要求 主张 要求权management buyout管理层收购tender offer要约收购financial standards财务准则initial public offering首次公开发行股票private corporation私募公司
2、未上市公司closely held corporation控股公司board of directors董事会executove director执行董事non- executove director非执行董事chairperson主席controller主计长treasurer司库revenue收入profit利润earnings per share每股盈余return 回报market share市场份额social good社会福利financial distress财务困境stakeholder theory利益相关者理论value (wealth) maximization价值（财富）
3、最大化common stockholder普通股股东preferred stockholder优先股股东debt holder债权人well-being福利diversity多样化going concern持续的agency problem代理问题free-riding problem搭便车问题information asymmetry信息不对称retail investor散户投资者institutional investor机构投资者agency relationship代理关系net present value净现值creative accounting创造性会计stock option
4、股票期权agency cost代理成本bonding cost契约成本monitoring costs监督成本takeover接管corporate annual reports公司年报balance sheet资产负债表income statement利润表statement of cash flows现金流量表statement of retained earnings留存收益表fair market value公允市场价值marketable securities油价证券check 支票money order拨款但、汇款单withdrawal提款accounts receivable应收
5、账款credit sale赊销inventory存货property,plant,and equipment土地、厂房与设备depreciation折旧accumulated depreciation累计折旧liability 负债current liability流动负债long-term liability长期负债accounts payout应付账款note payout应付票据accrued espense应计费用deferred tax递延税款preferred stock优先股common stock普通股book value账面价值capital surplus资本盈余accum
6、ulated retained earnings累计留存收益hybrid 混合金融工具treasury stock库藏股historic cost历史成本current market value现行市场价值real estate房地产outstanding发行在外的a profit and loss statement损益表net income净利润operating income经营收益earnings per share每股收益simple capital structure简单资本结构dilutive 冲减每股收益的basic earnings per share基本每股收益comple
7、x capital structures复杂的每股收益diluted earnings per share稀释的每股收益convertible securities可转换证券warrant认股权证accrual accounting应计制会计amortization摊销accelerated methods加速折旧法straight-line depreciation直线折旧法statement of changes in shareholders equity 股东权益变动表source of cash现金来源use of cash现金运用operating cash flows经营现金流c
8、ash flow from operations经营活动现金流direct method直接法indirect method间接法bottom-up approach倒推法investing cash flows投资现金流cash flow from investing投资活动现金流joint venture合资企业affiliate分支机构financing cash flows筹资现金流cash flows from financing筹资活动现金流time value of money货币时间价值simple interest单利debt instrument债务工具annuity年金f
9、uture value终至present value现值compound interest复利compounding复利计算pricipal 本金mortgage抵押credit card信用卡terminal value终值discounting折现计算discount rate折现率opportunity cost机会成本required rate of return要求的报酬率cost of capital资本成本ordinary annuity普通年金annuity due先付年金financial ratio财务比率deferred annuity递延年金restrictive co
10、venants限制性条款perpetuity永续年金bond indenture债券契约face value面值financial analyst财务分析师coupon rate息票利率liquidity ratio流动性比率nominal interest rate名义利率current ratio流动比率effective interest rate有效利率window dressing账面粉饰going-concern value持续经营价值marketable securities短期证券liquidation value清算价值quick ratio速动比率book value账面价
11、值cash ratio现金比率marker value市场价值debt management ratios债务管理比率intrinsic value内在价值debt ratio债务比率mispricing给错定价格debt-to-equity ratio债务与权益比率valuation approach估价方法equity multiplier权益乘discounted cash flow valuation折现现金流量模型long-term ratio长期比率undervaluation低估debt-to-total-capital债务与全部资本比率overvaluation高估levera
12、ge ratios杠杆比率option-pricing model期权定价模型interest coverage ratio利息保障比率contingent claim valuation或有要求权估价earnings before interest and taxes息税前利润promissory note本票cash flow coverage ratio现金流量保障比率contractual provision契约条款asset management ratios资产管理比率par value票面价值accounts receivable turnover ratio应收账款周转率mat
13、urity value到期价值inventory turnover ratio存货周转率coupon息票利息inventory processing period存货周转期coupon payment息票利息支付accounts payable turnover ratio应付账款周转率coupon interest rate息票利率cash conversion cycle现金周转期maturity到期日asset turnover ratio资产周转率term to maturity到期时间profitability ratio盈利比率call provision赎回条款gross pro
14、fit margin毛利润call price赎回价格operating profit margin经营利润sinking fund provision偿债基金条款net profit margin净利润conversion right转换权return on asset资产收益率put provision卖出条款return on total equity ratio全部权益报酬率indenture债务契约return on common equity普通权益报酬率covenant条款market-to-book value ratio市场价值与账面价值比率trustee托管人market
15、value ratios市场价值比率protective covenant保护性条款dividend yield股利收益率negative covenant消极条款dividend payout股利支付率positive covenant积极条款financial statement财务报表secured deht担保借款profitability盈利能力unsecured deht信用借款viability生存能力creditworthiness信誉solvency 偿付能力collateral抵押品collateral trust bonds抵押信托契约debenture信用债券bond
16、rating债券评级current yield现行收益yield to maturity到期收益率default risk违约风险interest rate risk利息率风险authorized shares授权股outstanding shares发行股treasury share库藏股repurchase 回购right to proxy代理权right to vote投票权independent auditor独立审计师straight or majority voting多数投票制cumulative voting积累投票制liquidation清算right to transfer ownership所有权转移权preemptive right优先认股权dividend discount model股利折现模型capital asset pricing model资本资产定价模型constant growth model固定增长率模型growth perpetuity增长年金mortgage bonds抵押债券
