1、代词课堂例题讲解正误辨析误 Toms mother is taller than my.正 Toms mother is taller than mine.析形容词性物主代词可以作定语，也就是讲它可以作形容词，如：my book,而这句话的意思是：汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。比较的对象是 my mother,也就是mine。误 We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish them.正 We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need t
2、wo or three hours to finish it.析在应用代词时，要注意人称，格与数的一致性。这里it所代替的是不可数名词homework ,所以应用it。误 He and you should go to the library to return the books.正 You and he should go to the library to return the books.析这主要是英语习惯上的用法。当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为you, he, she, I,而复数时为 we, you , they:如男女并列时，应先男后女，如： He and she如果
3、在表示不好意思， 承担责任时，单数时用，I, he, she, you,复数时用 They, you , we,如：Tom and I are good friends.You, he and I must go to play the game for our team this afternoon.We, you and they have been there before.I, he and you have to pay for it.误 He or his brother is doing their homework.正 He or his brother is doing hi
4、s homework.析由eitheror, neithernor, or连接两个主语时，如果两主语是单数时，用单数代词，如两主 语是复数时，用复数代词，如： Either teachers or students want to do their best to help the old man.如是 一单一复两名词时，一般将单数名词放在前，复数名词放在后，要用复数代词，如：The teacher or hisstudents will clean their classroom together.误 His brother is taller than him.正 His brother
5、is taller than he.析than是连词，其后应视为省略句，than he is.所以要注意区分其主格与宾格的用法。I like you as much as she.正I like you as much as her.析as - as其后也应看作是省略句。应为as I like her.所以应用宾格。而第一句应译为我像她那样喜欢你。两句语法都是对的但含义不同。误Myself did it yesterday.正I myself did it yesterday.正I did it myself yesterday.析反身代词不可作主语，但可以用作主语的同位语。误 Take ca
6、re of ourselves.正 Take care of yourselves .(yourself)析祈始句的主语应看作第二人称you.误 Please bring your daughter with yourself.正 Please bring your daughter with you.析反身代词不能作介词宾语，除非是由不及物动词与介词组成的动词短语，如：The old womanspoke to herself.误 Make yourself home.正 Make yourself at home.析这是英语中的习惯用法，意为“像在家里一样。这样的用法还有：enjoy on
7、eself 玩得开心 make yourself at home 像在家中样help yourself to something 自己拿某物 lost oneself 迷路seat oneself 就坐 dress oneself 穿衣误 Whos this speaking. Thats Mary.正 一 Whos that speaking. This is Mary.析在电话用语中，this指讲话人自己，而that指对方。误 The days in summer are longer than this in winter.正 The days in summer are longer
8、than those in winter.析在比较句中往往为了避免重复，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是单数时用that,复数时用 those,女口： The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Chang Chun.误It is so a good book that everyone likes to read.正It is such a good book that everyone likes to read.正It is so good a book that everyone likes to read.析在可数名词
9、单数时可用 so+形容词+不定冠词+名词+that从句，也可用such+不定冠词+形容词 +that从句。在不可数名词或可数名词复数时，只用 such,如：It is such good weather that I want to go swimming. They are such good books that I want to buy them all. 在 many, much, few, little 这 4 个词前仅 能用 so,如：She has so much money that she can buy everything she wants.而在 so 与 that
10、之间仅存形容 词时，贝U不能用 such,如:She is so sweet that everyone likes her.误I want to buy a same dictionary as yours.正I want to buy the same dictionary as yours.析same与定冠词the是固定搭配不可更改。这样的用法还有all the same（仍然）。误 一I hope she might pass the exam. I dont hope so.正 -I hope she might pass the exam. I hope not.析在作肯定回答时，
11、I think so. I hope so. I believe so.但作否定回答时为：I dont think so. Ihope/believe not.误 一 He studied very hard this term. So she did.正 He studied very hard this term. So did she.误 English is difficult to learn. So is it.正 - English is difficult to learn. So it is.析在对话中如果某一动作同时适用于两个主语，这时在答语中要用缩写且要用倒装句。如第一
12、组句，即studied hard既适用于he,也适用于she.但答语仅仅是对前句的重复，即仅仅是第一句的缩写时则不要用倒装句。如第二组句子为：英语难学。答语为：是的，难学。这时缩写的答语不要用倒 装句。误 Everyone should do ones best.正 Everyone should do his best.析one作代词时，它的复数形式是 ones所有格形式是ones,反身代词为oneself.如果讲One should do ones best.贝U是对句。 如果 one 与另1J的词组成其他词， 如：someone, anyone, everyone或 only one 贝
13、U 要用his/her,来作其所有格形式。误 Who won the game? None.正 Who won the game? No one.析由who提问的句子的否定回答中的简略说法是no one,而由How many提问的句子的否定回答中的简略语是 None.如：How many books are there? None.误There are many treeson either sides of the street.正There are many treeson either side of the street.正There are many treeson both sid
14、es of the street.析either作代词时由两个含意，其一是两者中随便哪一个，如： You can take either.其二是两者中的每一个。但要注意的是either 后要加单数名词，如果作主语则谓语动词也要用单数形式。误Either you or I are right.正Either you or I am right.析在eitheror,或neither-nor连接两个主语时，其谓语动词要与和其相近的那个主语相配。误I have three sisters. Neither of themis adoctor.正I have three sisters. None o
15、f them isa doctor.析 neither 用于两者中无一是，而none 则用于多于两者中的人或事物无一是。误He doesnt like Beijing opera. I dontliketoo.正He doesnt like Beijing opera, I dontlikeeither.析 either 作为“也”讲时，要用于否定句中，而too 则用于肯定句中。误We like both this little boy.正We both like this little boy.析both作同位语时，它在句中的位置有：在be动词之后，如： We are both studen
16、ts.在实意动词之前，如：The parents both want to go to the cinema.用于第一助动词之后，如： We have both read theseEnglish novels. 使用时要注意以下句子的实际含意： Both of us are not right. 应译为：我们俩不都对。Neither of us is right. 才应译为：我俩都不对。又如： I cant give you both of the books. 意为：两本书我不能全给你，而I cant give you either of the books. 才为：两本书我全不能给你。误
17、 We each has a ticket for the concert.正 We each have a ticket for the concert.析 each 作句子主语时其谓语动词要用单数形式， 如： Each of us wants to learn English well ， 但 each 作同位语时，则应以原名词的数为准。误 Every of us has to pass the exam.正 Each of us has to pass the exam.析 every 只可作形容词，不可作代词，而each 既可作形容词，又可作代词，在作形容词时each侧重强调个体，而e
18、very 则侧重于全体。误 Everyone of us should do housework two hours a day.正 Every one of us should do housework two hours a day.析everyone不可与of结构相连接使用，而every one则可以这样用。误I should read English everyday.正I should read English every day.析要注意的是every day 是“每天” ，而 everyday 则是形容词为“日常的” 。如： everyday English日常英语， every
19、day life 日常生活。误There are trees on every sides of the street.正There are trees on each side of the street.析 every 用于三者或三者以上的每一个，而each 用于二者或二者以上的每一个。因为街道只有两侧，所以只能用each而不能用every.误 All my parents are engineers.正Both my parents are engineers.析all 用于三者或三者以上的全部，而both则用于两者的全部。误 All of students might make som
20、e mistakes.正All of the students might makesomemistakes.正All students might make somemistakes.析 非特指的名词前可用 all 但不可用 all of 结构， 也就是讲 all of 结构后面的名词前一定要有定冠词。其他与all 有关的习惯用法还有：all the year round, all week, all day, all winter误The all village was flooded.正All the village was flooded.析all 作修饰语时要用在所有修饰词之前。误T
21、he post office is on other sideof the street.正The post office is on the otherside of thestreet.析单数可数名词如在泛指某一个时用another,而特指时则要用the other,因街道只有两边，而不在这边必定是在另一边，所以要用特指。请参考下表的用法以便于记忆。单数 复数泛指 another 形容词 作定语 作名词another 代词 other others特指the other形容词the other 代词the other the others误There are ten students he
22、re Where are the others students?正There are ten students here.Where are the others?正There are ten students here Where are the other students?析 the others=the other students.误The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, another is a doctor.正The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a do
23、ctor.析 another 用于泛指， 如： Is it far from here to the station?Im sorry. I have no idea. One may say itis quite near; another may say it is far from here. 但在特指时贝U要用 the other.它可以用作定语，the otherone,也可以用作代词the other,但the other用作代词时它的含意一定是单数。如果指三者或者三者以 上的情况时，贝U要用one- - another - the other.或者 onea secondthe
24、third 误Some people like sports. The others like reading.正Some people like sports. Others like reading.析在泛指的复数名词前用someothersothers来表示某些人某些人某些人。误Please remember to water the flowerseachother day.正Please remember to water the flowersevery other day.析 every other day 为每隔一天。是习惯用法，不要随意改动。又如： on the other
25、hand 另一方面。误Many know him ， but few likes him.正Many know him, but few like him.析 few 用于可数名词，意为几乎没有，但few 作主语时谓语动词则要用复数形式，而a few 为有一些。误 You have few friends, havent you?正 You have few friends, have you?析little与few用于句中时，均要按否定句看待。误 Much of what you said are true.正 Much of what you said is true.析much用于不可数
26、名词，作主语时用单数谓语动词。而 many用于可数名词，它作主语时用复 数形式的谓语动词。误 This room is enough large for the students to live in.正 This room is large enough for the students to live in.析enough 可以用作代词， 如：There is enough of the food. 又如：Enough has been done for the work , 但enough还可以作形容词来修饰名词，这时 enough可以放在名词之前，也可放在名词之后，如： money e
27、nough与enough money都是对的。但当 enough作副词修饰形容词时，则只能置于形容词之 后了。误I want any books to read. Do you have any?正I want some books to read. Do you have any?析按照语法 any用于疑问句和否定句，而some用于肯定句。误 Would you like any thing to drink?正 Would you like something to drink?析在由would you like发出的问句中，表达了说话者真心实意要为对方提供些饮料，或在说话者 想得到对方的
28、肯定答复时，在疑问句中要用some而不用any。误 Someone want to meet you.正 Someone wants to meet you.析不定代词应被看作单数，即使用and连接两个不定代词，也要看作单数，如： Anyone andeveryone has the right.任何人，每一个人都有这样的权力。误 New York is much colder in winter than before.正It is much colder in New York in winter than before.析it常常用在英文的句子中来代表时间、距离、天气、自然现象，或用在句
29、中作形式主语或宾 语，如：It is ten oclock now.（代时间）It is far from here to the airport.（ 代品巨离）It is very hot.（代天气）It is very difficult to learn English well.（ 作形式主语）We found it very difficult to answer the question.（ 作形式宾语 ）误 Be careful. Dont drink too many.正 Be careful. Dont drink too much.析这里much所代的应是饮料或水，所以应为
30、不可数名词。代词加强练习题1 These are books. Yours are over there.A I B my C me D mine2 一 is she?- She is a teacher.A What B How C Who D Where3 is wrong with my watch. It has stopped .A Something, working B Something, to workC Any thing, working D Anything, to work4 Mary, help to the bananas, please.A you B your
31、 C yourself D yourselves5 一 do you go to school every day?-By bus.A How B Why C When D Where6 My skirt is popular than.A much, her B much, hers C more, her D more, hers7 Can you speak English?- Yes, but only.A few B a few C little D a little8 Mr. Smith is an old friend of.A IB me C my D mine9 do you
32、 hear from your parents? “About once a month.”A How long B How manyC How often D How much10 Mr Green wouldnt say at the meeting.A everything B nothing C anything D something11 Mum, Anns coming tonight. Lets give her to eat.” “Good idea!A anything nice B nice anythingC something nice D nice something
33、12 When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow evening?- I dont mind. time is OK.ASomeB Neither CEitherD Both13 This is not her kite, but.Ahes Bhim CheD his14 Dont worry, Mum! news is good news. Im sure daddy will come back soon.A No B Many C Those D Two15 Mary has six apples. Her brother has three
34、. She has apples than he.A few B many C more D fewer16 There isnt in todays newspaper.A anything interestingB something interestingC nothing interestingD interesting anything17 September 10th is Day?A Teacher B Teachers C Teachers D Teachers18 In England, people eat a lot of “takeaway food. What abo
35、ut people in your country?A So we do. B We do so. C So do we. D We so do.19 Shall we go into that shop and have a look? Sorry. I wont. I have to do there.A everything B anything C something D nothing 20 Oh, dear! Who broke the glass? Sam Bruce. It was the cat.A Both, and B Not, but C Neither, nor D
36、Either, or21 The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. are climbing the hill.A Others B Other C Another D The other 22 She is not a nurse. Im not.A also B either C neither D too23 I have two pencils. One is red, is blue.A the other B another C others D the others
37、24 Sorry, I cant answer your question.I know about the subject. A little B a littleC few D a few25 My sister doesnt like skating. .A So do IB So I dontC Neither I dont D Neither do I 26 Yesterday morning there were only three boys in our room, . A you, he and IB I, you and heC he, I and youD you, I
38、and he27 All the students are busy, so of them will go to the concert.A many B little C a few D few28 The teacher gave student a new book.A nobody B both C each D any 29 Black is neither a teacher a worker. A or B either C nor D and 30 Our teacher gave us on studying.A many advices B some advices C
39、an adviceD some advice31 There are two foreign friends in the park. One is from Japan, is from America. A other B others C the other D the others32 Are there on the table?A some cups B any cup C some cup D any cups33 Ive just bought five stamps. One is a German stamp, are American stamps.A the other
40、 B the others C other D others34 It was fine day that they went to the park.A a so B so a C such a D a such35 At that time the train was slow and noisy. So people liked taking trains.A little B a little C few D a few36 We must help and understand each.A other B another C others D the other37 is diff
41、icult to walk on the moon.A Man B One C That D It38 Jane has sent several letters, but of them have been answered.A all B both C either D none39 I dont know about the new headmaster.A something B everything C nothing D anything40 of the students in the whole class could do this physics question.A No
42、 B None C Not D Neither代词练习答案1 答案1 B.析这里应用形容词性物主代词。2 答案A.析这里的四个疑问词放在问句中全都成立，但其意义不同。What is she?应译为“她的工作是什么？”或她是做什么的？”而How is she?应译为“她身体如何？”而Who is she?应译为她是谁？ 其答语应为“她叫什么名字。”而Where is she?应为“她在什么地方？”由答语决定了这道题的选择。3 答案A.析因为是肯定句所以应用Something,其后由于表停止工作了，则stop后要用动名词。4 答案C.析help oneself to something 为“自己拿
43、某物。yourself 为你一个人，而 yoursekes 为你们。5 .答案A.析这题的答案是由问句决定的。6 答案D.析因句中有than,所以应选用比较级，而 than后要选用名词性物主代词。7 答案1 D.析因会讲某种语言的多少要用a little,把它看作不可数名词对待，此答语为：是的，但仅仅会讲一点。8 答案1 D.析这里应选名词性物主代词，这也是英语的一种习惯用法，而不要选择my。9 答案C.析How often问的是某一动作发生的频率，即在单位时间内发生多少次。10 答案C.析在否定句中应用 anything11 答案C.析肯定句中用 something而不用anything,不
44、定代词的修饰词应放其后而不要放在其前面。12 答案C.析因如选用 both则名词要用复数名词，也要用复数谓语动词，由于答语前有I dont mind则决定不能选择 neither.13 答案D.析要注意“他的”名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词是同形的。14 答案A.析这是一条谚语，即没有消息就是好消息。15 答案C.析由于是比较级，根据题意应选“多于”而不是“少于” 。16 答案A.析由于句子是否定句，应选择 anything ,而且不定代词的修饰语应放在其后面。17 答案D.析教师节 Teachers Day儿童节 Childrens Day,妇女节 Womens Day18 答案C.析在答
45、语中用简略方式表达上文的一个动作同样适用于另一个主语时，则要采用倒装句，但如果仅仅是对上句的重复则不要倒装。19 答案D.析这个答案的选择应由上下两句对话内容作出决定。20 答案C. 析neither-nor意为既不也不 21 答案A.析这里因为是代替复数名词，所以应用名词性的复数代名词。22 答案B.析在否定句中该用 either,而不用too和also.23 答案A.析两者中的另一个应为特指。而且应为单数形式的代名词。而another是泛指单数代名词。others 是泛指复数代名词，而 the others是特指复数代名词。24 答案A.析中文讲我对此知道的不多，而英文中要用 little。其含意为否定句。25 答案D.析这是表达上面否定句中的动作，也同样不适合于第二个人。所以要用neither,并要采用倒装句。26 答案A.析这是若干人称代词并列时的顺序问题。请参看辨析中的例子。27 答案D. 析student为可数名词。28 答案C.析both其后的名词应为复数，而 any用于疑问句和否定句中只有each可以修饰单数可数名词。29 答案C. 析neither-nor为“既不
