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中考英语定语从句解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案).docx

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1、中考英语定语从句解题技巧和训练方法及练习题( 含答案 )一、定语从句1 Have you watched the TV play In the Name of People(人民的名义”)?-It s the most popular play _our Party s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败) .A where show【答案】 CB which showC that showsD who shows【解析】【详解】句意: 你看过电视剧人民的名义吗?这是我们党努力反腐的最受欢迎的剧本。考查定语从句。当先行词前有形容词的最高级或者序

2、数词来修饰的时候,关系代词只能用 that 。故选 C。2一 Which song do you like better Maria ?一 I prefer the song Manual of Youth _ is sung by TFBOYSA whoB whomC whichD /【答案】 C【解析】【详解】C 考查定语从句的引导词。句意:Maria ,你更喜欢哪首歌?我喜欢 TFBOYS唱的青春修炼手册。分析句子结构,本句中的is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句,其中先行词 the song Manual of Youth 指物,且在定语从句中作逻辑主语,所以关系代词

3、用which 故选 C【点睛】完成定于从句的关键是分析先行词指人还是指物,以及其在定语从句中做什么句子成分3-How do you like the Sun Island?Is it worth visiting?-Sure. It s one of the best placesI have ever been to.A whichB thatC who【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:-你觉得太阳岛怎么样?值得一游吗?-当然。这是我去过的最好的地方之一。考查定语从句引导词。本句先行词places 是物,引导词在定语从句中作宾语,可知用that或which引导此定语从句,但先行词有最高级修饰时

4、,只能用that引导此定语从句。故选B。【点睛】定语从句是用作定语的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。引导定语从句的词叫引导词,引导词分为关系代词( that/who/whom/which/whose )和关系副词( when/where/why )。引导词连接先行词和定语从句,在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。先行词是物时,用that或which引导定语从句;当先行词是人时,用who或that引导定语从句。(一)、当先行词是物时,只用that的情况:1.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。2.当先行词为

5、两个或两个以上分别指人和物的名词时。3.当先行词本身是 all 的,用that. (all that=what) .( that在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略)4.先行词为something , anything , nothing , everything , thing 等不定代词时,用that 。 5.当先行词前有 all, much, little , many, ( a) few, every, some, any, no, only , the very ,one of , the only , the last, the next 等修饰语时。(二)、先行词既有人又有物时,或当先行

6、词在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时,用that引导以避免混淆。7.当先行词是在定语从句中作表语时,用that 。4When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_ a group of people have incommon.A whatB whoC whereD that【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是life ,表示 “物 ”,用引导词th

7、at ,在从句中做宾语。what不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”,引导词常用who 。 where在定语从句中做地点状语。故选D。【点睛】引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who,whom, as ;关系副词有 when, where, why 。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。5The boys _ from America like ChinaA who isB areC which isD who are【答案】 D【解析】【详解】句意:这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国

8、。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构,可排除B 项。空白处做主语the boys 的后置定语,先行词the boys 是人,不可用which (用于先行词是物时),需用who 引导; the boys 是复数人称,系词需用are;根据句意结构,可知选D。6All the children like the teachers _ can understand them.A whatB whichC whoD whose【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意:所有的孩子都喜欢能理解他们的老师。本句是一个定语从句,先行词teachers 是人,而且关系词在定语从句中作主语,故用关系代词 who 引导此定语从句

9、,故选C。7This is the most beautiful picture _ I have ever seen.A thatB whichC what【答案】 AD who【解析】句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that 。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况:当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing ( something 除外) , all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, n

10、o, little, few, much 等词修饰时。如:Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible tohim in the world. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who 。如: Any man that /who has a sense of duty won t do such任a何thing有责.任感的人都不会做这样的事。All theguests that / who were invited to her wedding wer

11、e important people.所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。 2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first American movie that Iwatched was the Titanic. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:This is the best museumthat I have visited all my life. 4.当先行词被 the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如:She is the only person that understands me. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关

12、系代词who。如:Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5.当先行词前面有 who,which 等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁? Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间?当先行词人与物时。如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the str

13、eet.当先行词是 reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that 代替 in which, for which, why,也常可省略。如: She admired the way ( that ) they solved the questions.8Is that all? Yes. That s all _ I want to take.A whichB thatC whoD whose【答案】 B【解析】试题分析:句意:-就这些? -是的。这就是我所想要的。which 哪一个; that 那; who 谁;whose 谁的。先行词all 在定语从句中作宾语,可用关系代词th

14、at 代替。所以选B。【考点定位】考查关系代词。9What are you looking for? I m looking for the storybookyou lent to me last week.A whoB whichC when【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意 “-你正在找什么?-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。本题考查定语从句。A.who 指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;B.which 指物,在从句中作主语和宾语; C.when 表示时间,在从句中作状语。本句话中,先行词为the storybook ,指物,且在从句中作宾语,故选B。【点睛】做定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中

15、。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。10 Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman_used the special power of the plant to save _lives.A which, millions ofBwho, millions ofC whose, million ofD who, million of【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意:青蒿是中国常见的一种植物,而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救

16、数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman 是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词who ;短语 millions of :数以百万的;故选B。11 Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight? I m not sure.Is it in the hall _ can hold 300 people?A whereBwhatC thatD when【答案】 C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意: -学校英语口语比赛今晚将在哪里举行? -我不确定。是在能容纳30

17、0 人的大礼堂吗?where 作定语从句的地点状语;when 充当定语从句中时间状语;what 充当名词性从句中的主语、宾语和表语。此处作为先行词 the hall 的定语从句,这个定语从句中缺少主语,故用代词 that 来充当。故选 C。12 We have decided to sell five things _ we no longer use.A thatB whereC who【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意 “我们已经决定卖5 个我们不再用的东西”。本题考查定语从句。 A.关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语; B.关系副词,表示地点,在从句中作状语; C.关系代词,指人,

18、在从句中作主语和宾语。本句话中,先行词为 five things ,指物,且在从句中作宾语,用that ,故选 A。13 Most students like the teachersA whichB who【答案】 Bunderstand them well.C whereD when【解析】试题分析:句意:绝大多数的学生都喜欢能够很好理解他们的老师。分析:考查定语从句的用法,先行词是the teacher, 先行词在从句中作主语,因此引导词用who.故选 B考点:考查定语从句的用法。14 That was his first invention. It was a machine _ cl

19、othes.A that used to washBwhich was used to washingC which got used towashingD that was used to wash【答案】 D【解析】【详解】句意:那是他的第一个发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。本题考查的是be used to do sth.“被用于做某事”的用法,而不是be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做“某事”的用法,排除B/C;再由That was his first invention.可知,本题是过去时,因此在that引导的定语从句中,应该用一般过去时的被动句。was used

20、 to wash被用来洗衣服,语境是:那是一台被用来洗衣服的机器。故选D。15 “ Underground” is the only word in the English language _ begins and ends with theletters“ und ”.A whatB thatC whoD whom【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析:句意:在英语中“underground ”是唯一一个开头和结尾都用字母组合“und”的单词。此处先行词word 有不定代词the only 来修饰,故用关系代词that 来引导。 故选 B。16 We all enjoy reading

21、 the story _ has a happy ending. B whom C that A whoD what【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意:我们都喜欢读有一个幸福结局的故事。这里是定语从句,先行词是the story ,是物,关系词用that和which,先行词是人用who来引导。先行词是人,关系词whom在句中作宾语。根据题意,故选C。【点睛】当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that. 但在以下情况用who.1.当先行词是persons,people,those 时 .例如:Those who are for my plan ,please put up your

22、hands. 同意我的计划的人请举手.Persons who are quarrelsome are despised. 好争者被轻视 .2.当先行词是he,one,all,any,they 等时 ,例如:He who has not reached the Great Wall isnt a true man. 不到长城非好汉.All who had seen this film were moved. 看过这部电影的人都受感动.3.在非限定性定语从句中用who. 例如:I want him,who knows some English and French. 我要他 ,他懂得些英语和法语.

23、I will pardon you,who are honest. 我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的 .4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who 可以省略 .例如:I think it is you who should come here tomorrow.我认为你明天应该来这儿.It is he who can do this work. 只有他能够干此工作.在以下情况多用that. 例如:5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that. 例如:She is not the woman that she used to be. 她已经不是过去的她了.China is not the country t

24、hat it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了.17 According to a survey, people _ are able to speak two languages can managetwo things at the same time more easily.A whichB whom【答案】 DC whoseD who【解析】句意:根据一项调查,能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。哪一个,代物 / 人; B. whom 谁,宾格,代人;C. whose 谁的,代物主;D. who代人。本句是定语从句,people 人 / 人们,在句中做主语

25、,结合句意和语境,可知选A. which谁,主格,D。18 I really like the family photo _ we took on my grandpa A who B that C whatth birthday.D whose s 80【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意:我真的很喜欢爷爷80 岁生日时拍的全家福。本题考查定语从句。A. who 指代人;that 既可以指人又可以指物;C. what 不能引导定语从句;D. whose 指代某人 / 物的。根据题干可知本句中的先行词是photo ,指物,所以B 选项 that 符合题意,故答案选B。B.19 A Wechat(微

26、信) is an invention _can help people talk to friendsphotos , ideas and feelings freely .A whichB whoC /【答案】 A,share【解析】试题分析:句意:微信是能帮助人们和朋友自由交谈,分享照片,想法,感情的一种发明。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1 关系代词: who , whom , whose , which , that 。 2 关系副词: where,whenwhy 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行

27、词,that 既可指认又可指物。根据先行词是物,引导词做主语不能省略,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法。20 The building _ Tony talked about is a famous restaurant named Nice Meeting you.A whoBwhichC whereD whom【答案】 B【解析】试题分析:考定语从句关系词的选择。由题干可判断先行词为AD。从句为不完整句子,先行词在从句中做宾语,故选Bthe building,为物,排除21 What do you think of Disney Park in Hong Kong? Oh, I think

28、 it the best parkI have ever visited in China.A whichB thatC whereD When【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意为: -你觉得香港的迪斯尼公园怎么样? -噢,我觉得这是我在中国参观过的最好的公园。根据语境可知,这里考查的是定语从句的引导词。通常,定语从句的引导词由先行词而定。但是当先行词由序数词或最高级形容词修饰时,引导词常用that 。结合选项可知应选B。考点:考查定语从句的引导词。22 When Robinson got to the island , the first thing _he did was to look f

29、or somefood A whoB whichC thatD What【答案】 C【解析】试题分析:句意:当鲁滨逊?克鲁索到达岛上时,他做的第一件事就是寻找一些食物。本题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first 修饰, 故只能选用关系词that 。因此 C 项正确。考点:考查定语从句。23 Most grandmas prefer the song Little Apple that they can dance their square dances to .A that B whose C where D How 【答案】 A【解析】试题分析:句意:大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌,她们

30、能跟着跳广场舞。A. that那个; B.Whose关系词谁的; C. Where 在哪;that 。根据题意。故选D. How A。怎样;这里是that引导的宾语从句,先行词是物,用考点:考查定语从句24 The first thing _ I have to do now is to keep healthy.A whichB thatC whoD whom【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我现在不得不做的第一件事是保持健康。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1 关系代词: who ,whom , whose , which , that

31、 。 2 关系副词: where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which用来指代物的先行词,that既可指人又可指物。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which:先行词本身是all , everything ,something , nothing , anything等不定代词时,先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或thelast, the only等作定语时,先行词既有人又有物时。根据先行词有序数词修饰,故选B。考点:考查定语从句的用法。25 I like the actors are very famous now.A whic

32、hB whoC why【答案】 B【解析】句意:我喜欢那些现在非常出面的演员。先行词actors表示人,故用who引导定语从句,故选B。26 Whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。He has a friend whose father is a doctor.他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。27 Fewer and fewer people spend time reading. There were only 49% of adults in

33、the US_ visited a public library last year.A whoB whereC whenD which【答案】 A【解析】句意:越来越少的人花时间读书。去年在美国只有饰名词 adults ,作定语从句的主语,故用关系代词49%的成年人参观一个公共图书馆。修who,故选 A。28 I ll never forget the important people in my life _ helped and supported me.A whoB whatC whichD whose【答案】 A【解析】句意:我将用不忘记那些在我的生活中帮助我和支持我的重要的人。修饰

34、先行词定语从句,缺少主语,故用代词who 。故选 A。people的29 Who do you like best in the programWhere Are We Going,Dad?Ill say Jasper.He is such a cute boy _ can speak English very well.A whichB whoC whose【答案】 B【解析】句意 “-在爸爸去哪中,你最喜欢谁?-我会说是陈胤捷,他是一个能把英语说得很好的聪明的小孩 ”。根据 “n+_句+子 ”结构可知,本题考查定语从句。A.which 指物,在从句中做主语和宾语;B.who 指人,在从句中做主语和宾语;C.whose 指人或物,在从句中做定语。本题中,先行词the boy 指人,且在从句中做主语,故选B。30 Teenagers like reading the books _ are written by Guo Jingming.A whoB whatC whoseD that【答案】 D【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析:句意:青少年喜欢读郭敬明写的书。who先行词是人;what不能引导定语从句; whose先行词是人或物,作定语;that先行词是人或物。此句先行词books 表示物,关系代词该用that ,所以选D。

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