收藏 分享(赏)

由英语单词后缀判定词性.doc

上传人:HR专家 文档编号:11595361 上传时间:2020-07-23 格式:DOC 页数:3 大小:19.50KB
下载 相关 举报
由英语单词后缀判定词性.doc_第1页
第1页 / 共3页
由英语单词后缀判定词性.doc_第2页
第2页 / 共3页
由英语单词后缀判定词性.doc_第3页
第3页 / 共3页
亲,该文档总共3页,全部预览完了,如果喜欢就下载吧!
资源描述

1、由英语单词后缀判定词性 后缀是一种重要的构词法,通过后缀常常可以判断出一个词的词性。一个英语单词可以分为三个部分:前缀(prefix),词根(stem)及后缀(suffix)。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀。前缀,可以改变单词的意思。在语言学里,后缀,又称词尾,是一种后置于其他词素后的词缀。 后缀-名词解释以英语为例:establish(动词)+ -ment(后缀) establishment(名词):借由后缀 -ment 的使用,使原本的动词词素转为名词,为语言的衍生,是后缀的一种用途 后缀-名词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或

2、参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor2-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet3-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette

3、3)女性(female)例词: usherette4-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress5-hood意为:时期(status;etc)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood6-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship7-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful

4、,handful, mouthful,spoonful8-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc)例词: organization,foundation9-ment意为:状态,行动等(state; action;etc)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement10-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal11-

5、age意为:程度,数量等(extent; amount;etc)例词:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage912-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc)例词:happiness, usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability13-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism, impressionism,absenteeism,rac

6、ism 后缀-动词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify, diversify,simplify2-ize;-en意为:使,变得(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten3-ate意为:增加,使听写(give or add,make or become)例词:originate, hydrogen

7、ate,validate,differentiate 后缀-形容词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc)例词:useful,pitiful, hopeful,careful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful2-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless ,homeless3-ly意为:有品质的(having the qualities of)例词:bea

8、stly,manly, brotherly,friendly4-like意为:像的(like)例词: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like5-y;-ish意为:像一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy, silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish6-some意为:像一样的;引起的;有品质的(like;causing; having the quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothers

9、ome7-able(ible)意为:能的;可以的(able to be ;capable)例词: changeable,realiable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible8-ed意为:有的(having,etc)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed, odd-shaped9-al意为:有属性的,类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical10-ary(ory)意为:属于的,与相连的(belonging to;connected

10、 with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary, contradictory11-ous意为:富含的;有品质的;像的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious12-ic(ical)意为:类的;属于的(typical of;belonging to)例词: historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic 13-ive意为:有属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of

11、;given or tending to)例词:attractive, talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive 后缀-副词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1-ly意为:以方式(in a.manner;etc)例词:happily, boldly,attentive- ly,strangely2-ward(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)3-wise意为:1)按照方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就而言(asfar as .is concerned)例词:weatherwise ,educationwise4.以ly后缀结尾的副词,比较级都是+more,如more carefully,more useful最高级+most 如most carefully,most useful

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索
资源标签

当前位置:首页 > 外语学习 > 英语学习

本站链接:文库   一言   我酷   合作


客服QQ:2549714901微博号:道客多多官方知乎号:道客多多

经营许可证编号: 粤ICP备2021046453号世界地图

道客多多©版权所有2020-2025营业执照举报