1、Lesson plansGrade level : 9阿妮合妮木（10071710124）The impact of Human activity on climateAnalyses of the textbookthis topic includes global warming ,acid rain ozone hole and the urban heat island. This topic mainly explores artificial global environmental issues and the corresponding solutions to them. T
2、his topic is based on the relevant knowledge about the near-surface atmospheric heat source and atmospheric components of the vertical gradients in the atmosphere(大气垂直分层的大气成分) we have learned in unit 6.This subject is a brief summary of “atmosphere ,weather and climate“ .it also combined the theoret
3、ical knowledge that we have learned before with practice very well. Therefore,the teacher should guide students to come up with some solutions to climatic issues .This topic is required to be taught in 3 class periods. And we will learn global warming in the first class period.Overview of studentsst
4、udents are familiar with the conceots of global warming and acid rain effects.Through this lesson period, they will understand and learn more about such kinds of issues and their causes.Before class, students are required to be divided into sevearl groups and collect some relevant information about
5、the global warming and some corresponding phenomena that caused by global warming in daily life .Students are also assigned to find answers to the questions below:what is the definition for global warming? What is the cause of global warming? Does global warming effect our life? And what are they?Wh
6、at is the defensive measures for global warming?How can we lesson the damage of global warming?Connections to the CurriculumGeography Understand about damages of global warming, understand the relation between man and nature; Put forward some precautions for global warming; Process and Methods Analy
7、se the typical examples of global warming; Discuss about the influences of human activities on global warming; analyse the dialectical relationship of the harmonious development between human beings and climate.(分析人与气候和谐发展的辩证关系) Emotion, Attitude and Value When analysing the typical examples of the
8、influences of human activities; focus attention on the influences of human activities on global climate changes; understand the dielectric relationship between human and nature; Realize the importance of the environmental protection;(在分析人类影响气候的典型案例过程中，关注人类改变大气成分和地表状况对全球气候的影响，认识人与气候的和谐发展的辩证关系，体会为什么要保
9、护大气环境。)Geographic Skills: Acquiring Geographic Information Discussing Geographic information Analyzing Geographic information Generalize Geographic informationSuggested procedureOpeningQ:What are the main components of the atmosphere?大气的主要成分有那些？Q:What is the near - surface atmospheric heat source?近地
10、面的大气热源是什么？（回顾全球变暖有关的知识点）案例：岛国图瓦卢的 9个环形珊瑚礁小群岛已被海水侵蚀的千疮百孔，海水倒灌加速了土壤盐渍化，粮食和农作物无法生长，也使饮用水供应和食品加工收到影响。据统计该国的岛屿将在不久打将来完全被海水淹没。与图瓦卢一样面临被海水吞噬的命运饿还有萨摩亚，基里巴斯，马尔代夫等。Q: What is called “space crisis of a small island country“?什么是海岛小国的空间危机？Q:What is the cause for “ space crisis“?什么原因引发空间危机？Q:Which other regions i
11、n the world are also suffering from the “ space crisis“?类似的空间危机还在世界那些区域出现？（从上面的给出的案例可以引出今天要讲的主题）DevelopmentDivide students into four groups and discuss the questions below:将班里的同学分成四个组并讨论一下问题(讨论时间约 5 分钟)Q:What causes global warming? And what is the source of them( answer should include artificial and
12、 natural factors) ?全球变暖由什么引起的，那些气体从哪里来（自然因素和人为因素）？Q:The effects of global warming ( positive higher temperature. Good for agricultural production; expand the scale of crop - farming; shift the distribution of crops.Central Asia desert much drier climate;the expanded size of grasslands;Reduction in t
13、he scale of agricultural tense supply of industrial water; decrease in beneficial effects; reduction in the size of urban areas; Central Asia desert a large scale of land is flooded; sea water flows reverse into rivers; intensified salinazation of soil; damaged underground water; deteriorated ecolog
14、ical environment of estuary and coastal areas; decrease in agricultural production; tense supply of industrial and urban water; paralysis in the urban sewage system caused by more floodsCentral Asia desert a large scale of land is flooded; sea water flows reverse into rivers; intensified salinazatio
15、n of soil; damaged underground water; deteriorated ecological environment of estuary and coastal a large scale of land is flooded; sea water flows reverse into rivers; intensified salinazation of soil; damaged underground water; deteriorated areas; ecological environment of estuary and coastal areas
16、;Suggested Student Assessmenttwo activities are presented: Climate Change in My City: Students use an historical climate index to analyze climate change at local, regional, and global scales. Oral History Project: Students interview older residents in the community about climate changes during their
17、 lifetime and compare the results to a climate change index that is based on historical temperature measurements.Related Links:http:/www.climatechangeeducation.org/http:/ Reading Materials:资料 1：温度变化 1，对人们生活的影响几乎是微乎其微，然而对社会经济的影响却不可小看。日本有个有个研究所曾经做过测算， ，夏季气温平均上升 1GDP 值便增长 0.6%，在一次世界气候会议上，美国气象学家对世界平均气温变
18、化 1做了评价，他们的结论是：世界平均气温下降 1，全球棉花兼收损失达 22 亿美元，睡到兼收损失约 10 亿美元；全球海洋资源收入减少 2862 亿美元。在家电商中，受气温影响最大的钥匙空调，在日本夏天气温没差 1，空调销售量可相差30 万台。东京一家电力公司的一项调查表明，气温从 33升至 34时用电量增加 165 万瓦。德国商人发现夏季气温上升 1，就会多销售 230 万瓶啤酒，有一气象公司根据这种规律，开发了啤酒销售指数，供啤酒厂商作为调整产量的重要依据。资料2 the Effects of Global Warming（10effects）People Are Dying150,00
19、0: Number of people the World Health Organization estimates are killed by climate-change-related issues every yearHeat Waves and StrokesAuthorities in China say warmer temperatures are responsible for an uptick in heat-wave associated deaths, such as strokes and heart disease. They calculated betwee
20、n 173 and 685 Chinese citizens per million die every year from ailments related to global warming. Death by SmogThree words you really dont want in your obit: “Death by Smog.” Yet Canadian doctors say smog-related deaths could rise by 80 percent over the next 20 years. And since warm air is a key in
21、gredient in smog, warmer temperatures will increase smog levelsMore Mold and Ragweed = More Allergies, AsthmaA Harvard Study in 2004 showed higher concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere is good news to allergens like mold and ragweed (they love the stuff). And that means higher rates of asthma atta
22、cks, especially in kids.Burning PooAs “shifting rainfall patterns” brought on by global warming “have made northern Senegal drier and hotter,” entire species of trees (like the Dimb Tree) are dying out, making it harder for natives More FiresHotter temperatures could also mean larger and more devast
23、ating wildfires. This past summer in California, a blaze consumed more than 33,500 acres, or 52 square miles.Say Goodbye to the Great Barrier ReefAccording to the U.N., the Great Barrier Reef will disappear within decades as “warmer, more acidic seas could severely bleach coral in the world-famous r
24、eef as early as 2030.”Say Hello to More MosquitoesGet ready for more mosquitoes. Mosquitoes like to live in drains and sewer puddles. During long dry spells (brought on by higher temperatures) these nasty, stagnant pools become a vital source of water for thirsty birds . which provide a tasty feast
25、for the resident mosquitoes. At the same time, these dry spells “reduce the populations of dragonflies, lacewings, and frogs that eat the mosquitoes.”Say Hello to Poison IvyYoure gonna need an ocean of calamine lotion. Increased CO2 levels cause poison ivy and other weeds togrow “taller, lusher, and more resilient.”Cannibalistic Polar Bears.As longer seasons without ice keep polar bears away from food, they start eating each other.If you want to know more please visit http:/www.americanprogress.org/issues/2007/09/climate_100.html
