1、英语词汇学问题库（一） C1 A General Survey to English Vocabulary1. What is lexicology?2. What is the nature and scope of English Lexicology?3. What subjects is English Lexicology correlated with?And to what extent?4. Why should a student of English study English Lexicology?5. What is a word?6. What are the rea
2、sons of more and more inconsistances between sound and form.7. What is vocabulary?8. What are the three stages of development of the English vocabulary?9. Illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning with examples.10. What are the three main criteria for the classification of English words?
3、11. What is a common word（通用词, literary word（文学词）colloquial word（口语词）,slang word（俚语词）jargon（行话）, argot（黑话）, neologism（新词语）? Give examples.12. What is hybrid（混种词）?13. How do you account for the role of native words in English in relation to loan-words?14. What are the fundamental features of the basi
4、c word stock? What is the importance of basic word stock?15. What are the major causes of the rapid growth of present-day English vocabulary?16. What are function words and content words?What are the differences between them?17. What are the characteristic features of the English vocabulary? 18. Wha
5、t are native words?What are loan words?19. What is meant by the complexity of the English vocabulary?20. What is meant by the Indo-European family of Languages?How many groups of languages are included in this family of languages?Which group does the English language belong to?21. Why should student
6、s of English lexicology study Indo-European Language Family?22. How old is the English language?How many periods is the history of Englsih divided into?State briefly the special features of each period in the history of the English language (from the angle of the vocabulary).23. What is the importan
7、ce of the native element in the English vocabulary?What is the foundation of the English vocabylary?What are the fundamental featues of the basic word-stock?What categories words belong to the basic word-stock?24. What is the importance of the foreign element in the development of the English vocabu
8、lary?What foreign languages should we pay special attention to?25. Enunmerate（列举） the major modes of modern vocabulary development.C2 Morphology1. What is the internal structure of an English word?2. What is a morpheme ?What is an allomorph?3. What is the difference between a morpheme and a syllable
9、?Illustrate your points with examples.4. What is a free morpheme and what is bound morpheme?What are the differences between them?5. What is root?What are the differences between a free root and a bound root?6. What is an affix?What are the differences between an inflectional affix and a derivationa
10、l affix?7. What is a prefix?What is a suffix? What is adjective suffix?8. What is the difference between a suffix and an ending?9. How are words classified on the morphemic level?10. What are differences between a root,a base and a stem?Illustate your points with examples.11. How many types of word-
11、formations are there in the English language?12. What is compounding(composition)?What is derivation(affixation)?What are the difference between the two?13. What is prefixation and what is suffixation?What is the difference between prefixation and suffixantion?14. What is conersion?What is the diffe
12、rence between suffixaion and conversion?15. What is shortenting? What is clipping?What is acronymy? What is initialism?What is the difference between acronymy and intitialism ? Give examples.16. What is cilpping?What is blending?What are the differences between the blending and clipping?17. Illustra
13、te back-formation the difference between back-formantion and affixaton?18. Illustrate neoclassical formation,onomatopoeia,gradation,morphological stress,reduplication(phrase compounding),two-part verbs(phrase verbs),words from proper names.19. Analyze the morphological structures of the following wo
14、rds and point out the types of the morphemes. Recollection,nationalist,unearthly.20. What is the difference between morpheme and a syllable?Illutrate your points with examples.22. Give a list of English verb-forming affixes with example.C3 Word Meaning and the semantic Relations Between Words1. What
15、 is word meaning?What are the main types of word meaning?2. What is the difference and relationship between word meaning and concept?3. What is lexical meaning and grammatical meaning?What are the differences between them?4. What are the differences between denotative meaning and connotative meaning
16、?5. What is affective meaning? What is stylistic meaning?6. What is reference?7. What are the conventionality and motivation of word meaning?Give examples.8. What is the use of the study of the motivation of words?How many types of motivation are there in English?Give one example for each type.9. Ex
17、plain with examples the two terms:semantic fratures and componential analysis.10. What is componential analysis and what are its advantages and disadvantages?11. What are the causes of semantic change? Illustrate your point.12. Explain and give examples to below terms: monosemous words and polysemou
18、s words,primary/central menaing and derived meaning, literal meaning figurative meaning, contextual meaning.13. What are the major tendencies that lead to change of meaning?What is restriction, extension, degeneration,elevation?14. What makes Shakespeare particularly difficult to read,old form of sp
19、elling,old ways of pronuciation or change of word meaning?How do you account for the semantic change in living languages?15. What is polysemy?16. What is the fundamental difference between the processes of radiation and concatenation?Illustrate your point.17. What is homonymy?How do you classify hom
20、onymy?How are the sources of homonymys?What is the use of homonymys?18. What is the difference between superordinates and subordinates? What is the relationship between the superordinate term and the subordinate terms?19. What is the differences between polysemy and homomymy?20. What are th differen
21、t between homonyms and polysemes?21. What is synonymy?22. What is antonymy?What are the tpyes of antonyms?What is use of antonymy?What are the characteristics of antonyms? What categories of word can have their corresponding antonyms?Give examples.23. How is it possible for a polysemous word to have
22、 connections with different groups of relative synonyms?Give examples.24. How do discriminate between the minute differences in the meaning of a group of relative synonyms?Give examples.25. What are the major sources of English synonyms?Illustrate your points.26. How do you understand the statement
23、that true synonym is non-existent ?27. How many categories can English synonyms be divided into?How do you define absolute synonyms and relative synonyms?28. What is meant by synonymic dominants?Give examples.29. How many categories can English antonyms be divided into?How do you define contradictor
24、y terms?How do you define contrary term?How do you define relative terms?And how do you define reverse terms?Give examples.30. What is context?What are the two types of context?What are the clues generally provided in verbal context?How does context provide clues for inferring word-meaning?Context i
25、s very important for the understanding or word meaning?31. What are the differences between lexical context and grammatical context?32. What are the vital role of context in determinging word meaing?33. Context is very important for the understanding of word meaning.How is context classified?34. Wha
26、t are the major causes of changes in word mening?35. What is simile? metaphor? metonymy? zoosemy? hyperbole? litotes? euphemism? personification? Give examples.36. What is literal meaning and figurative meaning?37. What are the main types of semantic change in English language?38. What is the basic
27、difference between the diachronic approach and synchronic approach?39. What topics come under the synchronic study of the semantic relations between words?40. What is semantic field?Why is it that linguists attach so much importance to the theory of the semantic field?41. What is conceptual meaning?
28、 connotative meaning? stylistc meaning? affective meaning?reflected meaning? collocative meaning?thematic meaning?Give examples.42. What is meant by figures of speech ?What is the use of them?43. What are the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning?C4 English Idioms1. What is an Engli
29、sh idiom? What is its characteristics?How do you classify it(On what principles are English idioms classified)?2. Pick out the idioms used in the following extract and its origin and the dffect of using this form.Well,its the old story of the stitch in time,she said.3. How do you define Standardized
30、 Word Combinations,Phraseological Unities,Phraseological Fusions?Give examples.4. Give examples of English idioms derived from sea life; from fish and fishing; from soldiers; from animals; from birds,domestic poultry and their eggs; from natural phenomena; from other sources.5. What is the advantage
31、 of clssifying idioms according to their grammatical functions?What parts can English idioms play in sentences?6. What hints are given concerning the use of English idioms? 7. What ae phrasal verbs?What are the similarity and the difference between a verb phrase and a phrasal verb?C5 British English
32、 and American English1. What are the characteristics of American English?What are the major differencesbetween American Englsih and British Englaish?2. How many stages are there in the historical development of American English?Which stage is the decisive stage?3. In what way does American spelling
33、differ from British spelling?Give examples.4. How did American English and British English influence each other?Specifically,in what aspects has American English influenced British English?Give examples.C6 English Dictionaries1. What are prescriptive and descriptive dictionaries?What is the relation
34、ship between Lexicology and the dictionary?2. How many types of English dictionaries do you know?What are the major types of dictionaries?What diferent puoposes do these different types of dictionaries serve?Give examples.3. What is monolingual dictioanry?4. What are the characteristics of dictionar
35、ies of contemporary English?5. What dictionaries are recommended to you in this chapter?6. What are the mertis of The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English?7. What are merits of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English?8. What are the merits of Websters New World Dictionary of the American Language?9. What are the merits of Websters New Collegiate Dictionary?*The degree of importance of above chapters:dgree 1: C1-3, dgree 2: C4-6.4
