1、 1983年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section I Structure and Vocabulary In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled (10 points) EXAMPLE: Tom has been unemp
2、loyed _ he lost his job three weeks ago. A after B since C before D while ANSWER: B 1. _ born in Chicago, the author is most famous for his stories about New York City. A Although B Since C As D When 2. Allen and I are in the same history class, but his assignment is different _ mine. A with B from
3、C against D to 3. They have all got up, and _. A Jack has too B so has Jack C Jack hasnt D also has Jack 4. I am sure that _ you said is wrong. A which B all C this D what 5. _ four years since John left school. A They have been B It is C It was D Those are 6. I have been to the doctors about my hea
4、dache. He says there is _. A something serious B anything serious C not serious D nothing serious 7. This bicycle is his, not _. A their B hers C her D your 8. A good writer is _ who can express the commonplace in an uncommon way. A that B he C one D this 9. Those are very pleasant rooms. How much d
5、o you _ them? A want B demand C ask for D ask 10. His honesty is _: nobody can doubt it. A in question B out of the question C beside the question D without question Section II Verb Forms Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets. (10 points) EXAMPLE: Will you call the
6、m up and tell them well start as soon as the rain _ (stop)? ANSWER: stops 11. He tried to avoid _ (answer) my questions. 12. _ (complete) one task, we started on another one. 13. I wish you _ (not hurt) Jim so much. He is still very depressed. 14. In recent years a number of communications satellite
7、s _ (put) into orbit about the earth. 15. She sat at the window _ (read) a novel. 16. If you had spoken clearly, you _ (understand). 17. We think this house is worth _ (renovate). 18. Dont get your schedule _ (change); stay with us in this class. 19. Ive got a loaf of bread; now Im looking for a kni
8、fe _ (cut) it with. 20. Theres no use _ (cry) over spilt milk. Section III Error-detection Each question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled A, B, C, and D. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect, and circle the letter of your choi
9、ce. If you find no mistakes in a sentence, circle the letter E for “No Error“. Only one choice is to be circled. (10 points) EXAMPLE: 1) The plant manager, like Amany workers, were Bvery experienced Cin Dsafety precautions. No Error EANSWER: B 2) To comprehend well A , a Bstudent must Cread frequent
10、ly D . No Error EANSWER: E 21. Because of Aan election was in progress B , voters from all walks Cof life were heatedly D . No Error E22. I move Athat Bhe is to be Cdischarged for Dhis serious mistake. No Error E23. Some Aadult novels have been Badopted Cfor Dyoung readers. No Error E24. A Anumber o
11、f errors Bmade by Chim was suprising D . No Error E25. This article deals with Athe natural phenomenon which are Bmost interesting to Ceveryone D . No Error E26. Often did Awe ask Bher not to be Clate for Dschool. No Error E27. The sun warms Athe earth, this Bmakes it Cpossible for Dplants to grow.
12、No Error E28. Of Athe best of Bmy knowledge C , he did very well in Dhis previous job. No Error E29. While walking Aalong the street early in Bthe morning, he heard Csomeone crying D . No Error E30. When Ayou make a Bdecision, you must take everything Cin account D . No Error ESection IV Cloze Test
13、For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled A, B, C, and D. Choose the correct one and circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled. (10 points) EXAMPLE: Bill came to work at the University thirty years _ today. A since B before C from D
14、ago ANSWER: D In the 20 thcentury chemists have learned to make 大31家 of new compounds that never existed 大32家 . Many of them are useful to industry. Industry also found new uses 大33家 old, well-known 大34家 such as mercury, arsenic, and lead. We have learned to use radioactive substances in manufacturi
15、ng electrical power, and some materials used in medicine. Many of these substances are poisonous to people. Accidentally or 大35家 purpose, many of them are discharged into streams and lakes. Birds and fish are killed by them. In some 大36家 people have been killed or 大37家 by them. In some countries, ma
16、ny people were killed by eating fish that had lived in water contaminated with mercury; 大38家 others were crippled 大39家 life. There is no solution at present 大40家 the problem of water pollution by many different kinds of industrial wastes. Ideally, all the wastes should be collected and used again. 3
17、1. A the thousand B thousands C a thousand D one thousand 32. A earlier B early C ago D before 33. A for B to C of D with 34. A things B matters C substances D materials 35. A in B with C on D for 36. A cases B conditions C situations D environments 37. A got sick B fell sick C became sick D made si
18、ck 38. A more B still C the D most 39. A in B of C for D by 40. A of B in C about D to Section V Reading Comprehension Each sentence below is followed by four statements. One of the statements is a suggestion which can be made from the information given in the original sentence. Read the sentences c
19、arefully and circle your choice. Only one choice is to be circled. (10 points) EXAMPLE: What is most obvious in this book are all those details of daily living which make Mrs. Richards anything but common. A Mrs. Richards is very obvious. B Mrs. Richards is an unusual person. C Mrs. Richards is anyt
20、hing she wants to be. D Mrs. Richards is quite ordinary. ANSWER: B 41. Dr. Smith made a long speech in which he implied that he was a friend of the Deans. A Dr. Smith was not a friend of the Deans. B Dr. Smith gave a talk in which he said he was a friend of the Deans. C Dr. Smith suggested in his sp
21、eech that he was a friend of the Deans. D Dr. Smith made a moving speech in which he said that he was a friend of the Deans. 42. Reading between the lines, I should say the scientists are disappointed at the outcome of the research project, though they will not openly admit it. A The scientists admi
22、t that their research project is a failure. B The scientists are not satisfied with the outcome of the research project. C The scientists deny that the outcome of the research project is a failure. D The outcome of the research project is not a failure. 43. John and I did not see each other very oft
23、en, but whenever I was in trouble he always came to me and offered his help. A I was often in trouble. B John was a true friend of mine. C John came to see me only when I was in trouble. D Time and again John came to my help. 44. When he entered the room, we all stopped talking and glanced at each o
24、ther uneasily. A We were all afraid of him. B We all respected him. C He was a friend of ours. D He was an opponent to all of us. 45. It is a tale which holds children from play, and old men from the chimney corner. A The children are player. B The story is fascinating. C The old men are sitting nea
25、r the chimney corner. D The tale is about children and old men. Section VI Structure and Vocabulary Fill in the blanks with the words which best complete the meaning of the sentences. (10 points) EXAMPLE: If the teams were not so evenly matched, it would be easier to _ the outcome. A precede B expec
26、t C foretell D count ANSWER: C 46. The twins are so much _ that it is difficult to tell one from the other. A similar B equal C like D alike 47. The photo _ happy memories of my early childhood. A refreshed B brings to mind C stimulates D reminds myself 48. This album is _ as it was the only one eve
27、r signed by the President. A unusual B unique C rare D singular 49. The firemen managed to _ the fire in time. A extinguish B prevent C stop D suppress 50. I believe reserves of coal here are _ to last for fifty years. A sufficient B efficient C persistent D rich 51. This room is partly _ with a few
28、 old armchairs. A provided B decorated C beautified D furnished 52. Henrys news report covering the conference was so _ that nothing had been omitted. A clear B integrated C comprehensive D understandable 53. These plastic flowers look so _ that many people think they are real. A beautiful B natural
29、 C comparable D similar 54. We are now _ a new English-Chinese dictionary. A composing B writing C compiling D creating 55. The students _ their thanks to Professor Davis by presenting him with a parting gift. A revealed B expressed C showed D said Section VII Chinese-English Translation Translate t
30、he following sentences into English. (15 points) 56. 我们不同意他刚才说的话。 57. 在老师再解释一遍后，同学们才听懂这句子的意思。 58. 我们很高兴他如期完成任务。 59. 我们对他解决问题的方法很感兴趣。 60. 我们虽然引进新技术和设备， 但是我们将主要依靠自己来实现四个现代化。 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation Choose either of the following two passages and translate it into Chinese. (25 points)
31、(1) Let us suppose that you are in the position of a parent. Would you allow your children to read any book they wanted to without first checking its contents? Would you take your children to see any film without first finding out whether it is suitable for them? If your answer to these questions is
32、 yes, then you are just plain irresponsible. If your answer is no, then you are exercising your right as a parent to protect your children from what you consider to be undesirable influences. In other words, by acting as an examiner yourself, you are admitting that there is a strong case for censors
33、hip. Now, of course, you will say that it is one thing to exercise censorship where children are concerned and quite another to do the same for adults. Children need protection and it is the parents responsibility to provide it. But what about adults? Arent they old enough to decide what is good for
34、 them? The answer is that many adults are, but dont make the mistake of thinking that all adults are like yourself. Censorship is for the good of society as a whole. Like the law, it contributes to the common good. Some people think that it is a shame that a censor should interfere with works of art
35、. But we must bear in mind that the great proportion of books, plays and films which come before the censor are very far from being works of art. When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a chance to produce virtually anything in the name of art. One of the great things that censo
36、rship does is to prevent certain people from making fat profits by corrupting the minds of others. To argue in favour of absolute freedom is to argue in favour of anarchy. Society would really be the better if it were protected by correct censorship. (2) If the sun has enough power to warm and light
37、 the whole earth, it must have enough power to do other things, too. Can we use the suns abundant energy to supply electricity, or at least to perform the functions which electricity or other types of power usually perform? The answer is yes. For example, people have for many years been using the re
38、flected heat of the sun to cook by. Solar cookers have been built with several curved mirrors reflecting the sun and focusing its heat on the cooking element. This apparatus can be used just like a gas or electric stove; it is more expensive to make but it does not need any fuel, and so costs nothin
39、g to use. Another possibility of using solar energy is in house-heating. The form of energy we use most is electricity, and every day more is needed. But electricity has to be made, too, and to make it huge quantities of fuel are required oil, coal, gas and nowadays even uranium. The question which
40、worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? Nobody knows for sure, but most experts think it will soon be difficult to obtain sufficient electricity from these sources. It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here, too. Solar power has already been used to produce terrific
41、 hat. In Southern France a solar furnace has been built, where temperatures reach more than 3000 Centigrade. This furnace is only used for experiments at present, but could be used to produce steam for a power station. So it is possible that one day in the near future we will depend on solar furnace
42、s and power stations to provide our electrical needs. Or perhaps each home will have a solar generator to provide power for lighting and heating. 1983年考研英语真题答案 Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (10 points) 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D Section II: Verb Forms (10 points) 11. an
43、swering 12. Having completed 13. had not hurt 14. have been put 15. reading 16. would have been understood 17. renovating 18. changed 19. to cut 20. crying Section III: Error-detection (10 points) 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. E 27. B 28. A 29. E 30. D Section IV: Cloze Test (10 points) 31. B 32
44、. D 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D Section V: Reading Comprehension (10 points) 41. C 42. B 43. B 44. A 45. B Section VI: Structure and Vocabulary (10 points) 46. D 47. B 48. B 49. A 50. A 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. B Section VII: Chinese-English Translation (15 points) 56. We do n
45、ot agree with what he has just said. 57. The students did not understand the meaning of the sentence until the teacher had explained it a second time. 58. We are very glad that he has fulfilled the task in time. 59. We are interested in the way he solved the problems. 60. Although we import some new
46、 techniques and equipment, we will rely mainly on ourselves to realize the four modernizations. Section VIII: English-Chinese Translation (25 points) (1) 让我们假设你处在家长的地位。你会允许你的孩子们随便读他们想读的书 而不首先查一下内容吗？你会随便带你的孩子去看电影而不首先搞清楚这部片 子对他们是否合适吗？假如你对这些问题的回答是“是”的话，那你简直就是 不负责任。如果你回答“否” ，那你就是在运用你家长的权利来保护你的孩子， 使他们免受你
47、认为不良的影响。换句话话，你在作为检查者时已经认定实行审 查很有必要。 当然，你会说审查对儿童而言是一回事，但对成人却是另一回事。儿童需 要保护，提供这种保护是父母的责任。但是成年人又如何呢？难道他们还不够 成熟以判断哪些东西对他们有益吗？回答是许多成年人是能做到的。不过千万 别误认为所有的成年人都象你自己一样。审查是为了整个社会的利益。它象法 律一样维护公众利益。 有些人认为审查员干涉文艺作品是不光彩的事。可是我们要牢记送到审查 员面前的大量书刊、戏剧和电影远非“杰作” 。 当审查法放宽时，招摇撞骗之徒就会有机可乘在“艺术”的幌子下什么样 的东西都会炮制出来。审查工作的大事之一就是防止某些人靠腐蚀别人的思想 以谋取厚利。主张绝对自由就是主张无政府状态。如果社会得到正确审查制度 的保护一定会变得更好。 (2) 太阳既然有足够的能量使整个地球变得温暖和明亮，它必定也有足够的能 量做出其他的事。我们是否能利用太阳丰富的能源来发电，或至少是用它来做 电力或别种动力通常要做的事？回答是肯定的。 例如，多年来人们一直在利用反射太阳光的热量来烧煮食物。太阳炉是用 几面曲面镜反射阳光并将其热量聚焦于
