1、,Inversion,(倒装句),She is a nice girl.,英语句子的语序,英语句子的自然语序：,英语句子的倒装结构:,主语在前，谓语动词在后,谓语动词放在主语之前,自然语序,Is she a nice girl?,倒装语序,倒装类型,完全倒装,部分倒装,Here comes the car.,Never have I seen this kind of car.,完全倒装,部分倒装,The car comes here.,I have never seen this kind of car.,*完全倒装：,又称为主谓倒装 全部谓语放在主语之前,英语倒装句分为两种：,1) 以he
2、re, there, now, then等副词或 out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come,go, be, lie,run,rush等铃响了。 公车来了。,There goes the bell.,Here comes the bus.,表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。,At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.,A beautiful lake lies at the foot of the hill,2.但是，当主语为代词时，主谓并不倒装。 请比较：,T
3、here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了（主语为名词，主谓应倒装） There she goes.她走了，（主语为代词，主语不倒装） At the top of the hill it stood out against the sky.它背衬青天矗立在山顶上。（主语为代词，主谓不倒装),注意 主语是人称代词时，则不需倒装。Here he comes.Here it is.,那个男孩走开了。 Away went the boy. 小孩子冲了出来。 Out rushed the children. 他走开了。 她来了。,Away he went.,There she comes.,当
4、主语是人称代词时主谓不倒装.,一座碉楼座落在山顶上。 A watchtower stands on the top of the hill.On the top of the hill stands a watchtower.,1、 In front of our house _ with a history of 1000 years. A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall tree. C. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands,B,2. At the foot of the mountai
5、n _. (四川，28) A. a village lies B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village,B,2. 完全倒装也适用于被动语态中,In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 远处可以见到紫色的山。,3、在直接引语全部或部分置于句首时， 引用动词和它的主语（名词）往往要倒装。,“Youve made great progress this term.”said the teacher.“Tom”,said his father, “ You shou
6、ldnt make friends with such boys!”,注意：1)主语是代词时，倒装不倒装都可以。 “Where are you going?”asked he.(He asked.)2)引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词也不倒装。 “Why didnt you join us!”Our monitor asked us.,为了强调句中的状语或表语，保持句子平衡或上下文衔接紧密，可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装。,谓语是be, 表语提前时，整个句子需倒装。,Happy is he who devoted himself to the country.,某些表语位于句
7、首,1)表语为介词短语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.,2)表语为形容词 Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.,4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词Lying on the floor was a boy. Standing beside the desk was a teacher.,3)表语为过去分词 Seated on the ground are a group of young people.,*部分倒装：,只把助
8、动词,情态动词或连系动词放在主语之前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后,（can could would may will might 等）,助动词+主语+谓语,把be/助动词/情态动词 提前到主语的前面,（ do does did have has had等）,系动词+主语+谓语,（ Is am are was were 和它们的否定词）,情态动词+主语+谓语,1、so, nor, neither 在句首，重复前文的内容，且主语不一致，表示“也”或”也不“，要部分倒装。So用在肯定句中，neither和nor用在否定句中,A fish can swim and so can I. I get up
9、 at seven and so does my brother. He didnt do it and neither/nor did I. He didnt smoke, nor did he drink.,So +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 某人也是如此 Nor/neither +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 某人也不是如此,So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词 某人确实如此 Betty is a nice girl. So she is .,）如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则不倒装.（确实是）-It is hot today. -So it is. -He finish
10、ed it on time. -So he did.,注意：,）如按照别人的意思做了什么事，so也不用倒装(某人照办了） The teacher asked me to read louder , and I did so.,2. 他喜欢读书，我也是 He likes reading very much. So do I .,3. 我从来没有去过广州大学，他也是 I have never been to Guangzhou University, neither/ nor has he.,1. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?-I don
11、t know, _.A. nor dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neither D. I dont care also,配套练习,. Multiple choices.,(1) -I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible.-_! Nor I am B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I,B,2.由as引导的部分倒装句： ）当as作为比较意义时，即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时，
12、如果把第一个as省略掉，就形成部分倒装句。 She charged the stairs, quick as a rabbit (ran).,）当 as引导让步状语时，和although, though一样，当用作“尽管”之义时，可以用于部分倒装句。 Hard as he worked, he did not pass the exam. 虽然他很用功，但他还是没及格。,_, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. 2007 重庆A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sou
13、nd strangeC. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound,3、在疑问句里。Do you have an English class every day?What did the two cheats pretend to be doing?,4、在省略if的虚拟条件从句中。若含有had,were或should等时，需将had,were或should 等提到主语前。,(=If he should be interested in this subject, ),Should he be interested in th
14、is subject, he might work hard at it.,Had I known the answer, I should have told you.,(=If I had known the answer, I should have ),Were it not for his teachers help, he would never graduate from this high school.,注意：我们可以说Were it not.或者Had it not been., 但不可以说Weren t it. 或者hadnt it been.,If it were no
15、t for his teachers help, he would never graduate from this high school.,never, hardly, scarcely 几乎不，仅仅，决不 seldom, little, barely 仅够，几乎没有rarely 不常，很少nowhere无处，到处都无,by no means 决不 in no case, at no time 决不 Not until hardly (scarcely)when, no sooner.than(一就) Not onlybut also,5. 在否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时，部分倒装。,*
16、我很少去看电影 I seldom go to the cinema.Seldom do I go to the cinema.,我从来没有看过这样的表演 I have never seen such a performance.Never have I seen such a performance.,Never before have I met him. Hardly did I think it possible. Not a single paper did the scholar write the whole term（条款，条件）. Seldom did the boy read
17、 newspaper. Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery（风景，景色）.,Nowhere could we find the book. Hardly had he entered the house when it began to rain. No sooner had they entered the house than it began to rain.,1)当上述单词不提前时，则不倒装。I seldom read newspaper before.He had hardly finished his homewor
18、k when the light went out.,注 意,2)当这些词作形容词修饰主语时且置句首时，句子不倒装。 Little work was done yesterday.,1. Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _ with my progress. the teacher is not satisfied is the teacher not satisfied the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied,D,2. Only when c
19、lass began _ that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize3. Not a single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made,4. Not only _ a promise, but also kept it.A. had he made B. he had mad
20、eC. did he make D. he makes 5. I finally got the job. Never in all life_ so happy.A. did I feel B. I feltC. I had felt D. had I felt,典型例题,1) Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit,答案A. 这
21、是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.,典型例题： No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun,答案：D,6.Neithernor连接的两个句子都要倒装； not onlybut also连接的两个句子时，not only后面的句子
22、要倒装,but also不倒装,1)Neither has he called on her, nor will he do so. 2)Not only shall we learn from books, but also we should learn from practice.,(3)not until 引导的从句位于句首引起的主句部分倒装,直到他的妈妈回来，他才完成作业。,He didnt finish his homework until his mother came back.,Not until his mother came back did he finish his
23、homework.,主倒从不倒,等到孩子睡着了，妈妈才离开房间 The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。,Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.,巧记倒装句,NB前倒后不倒，,O,NU主倒从不倒，,2N前倒后也倒，,NM前后均不倒,Not onlybut also,Only, not until,Neithernor,No matter+疑问词引导的状语从句,7. 当“so
24、 (such).that.“结构中的so或such位于句首时,构成部分倒装句。 So busy is the dentist that he has no time to spare.,8. only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时,要用部分倒装。注意:only修饰状语从句时,主句中倒装,从句中不倒装;only修饰主语时,则不用倒装语序。Only the teachers can come in.,主句,从句,Only then _ how much damage had been caused. had she realized B. she realized C. did she
25、realize D. she had realized,C,Only in this way _ do it well. A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can,9.句首为many a time, to such an extent, to such a degree, to such extremes, with good reason等状语时，句子需要部分倒装。 Eg：Many a time have I dreamed of going back to the village. 我多次梦见回到村子。,（3）May置句首，表示祝愿。,May y
26、ou succeed.祝你成功！,倒装,倒装句的考点：,全部倒装,部分倒装,1. 在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。,2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。,1、Only+状语位于句首时,2.否定副词或短语位于句首时,3、在省去if的虚拟条件从句 中,4、So Neither Nor 位于句首时,5、as引导的让步状语从句,6、特殊句式,1. Not until all the fish died in the river _how serious the pollution was.,did the villagers realize B. the
27、 villagers realized,C. the villagers realized D. didnt the villagers realize,2. Only in this way _ to make improvement in the operating system.,you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope,3. If Joes wife wont go to the party,_. A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will
28、 D. either he will4. My room gets very cold at night. _. A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does,5. Not a single song _ at yesterdays party.,A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing,6. It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night.,My God! _.,A
29、. So did I B. So I did C. So were you D. So did you,7. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life so happy_.,did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt,8. Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else _ such a beautiful palace.,A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find,
