1、AIX 5.2 Workload Partitions for AIX 7,Rex Kuo (郭常宏) Technical Sales Support on Power Systems Systems & Technology Group, IBM Taiwan IBM台灣系統暨科技事業處,Network Centric Computing,AIX V4.1/4.2 SMP Scalability: - POWERPC spt.4-8 way SMPKernel ThreadsClient/Server pkgNFS V3CDEUNIX95 brandedNIM 2GB filesystems
2、 HACMP ClusteringPOSIX 1003.1, 1003.2, XPG4Runtime LinkingJava 1.1.2,AIX V4.3 Higher levels of scalability:24-way SMP64-bit HW support96 GB memory - UNIX98 branded - TCP/IP V6 - IPsecWeb Sys. Mgr.LDAP Dir. Server. - Workload MgrJava JDT/JITDirect I/OAlt. Disk Install - Exp/Bonus CDs,Distributed Clie
3、nt-Server,1986-1992,1994-1996,1997-1999,Flexible Resource Management:POWER4+ spt.Dynamic LPARDynamic CUoDNew 64bit kernel512GB memJFS216 TB filesystemsUNIX03 brandedConcurrent I/OMultiPath I/OFlex LDAP ClientXSSO PAM spt,e-Business Computing,Open Systems Workstations,AIX 20多年的輝煌歷史,AIX/6000,Uni-proce
4、ssor,4-8 way SMP,24-way SMP,32-way SMP,AIX 7 Future of UNIX: 256 core/1024 tread scalability POWER7 Exploitation Domain based RBACAIX Profile Manager WPAR enhancements AIX 5.2 in a WPAR PowerVM virtualized storage LVM SSD support Terabyte segment,2010,On Demand Business,2001-2002,64/256-way SMT,AIX
5、5L V5.3 Advanced Virtualization: - POWER5 support64-way SMPSMTMicroPartitionsVirt I/O ServerPartition Load MgrNFS Version 4Adv. Accounting - Scaleable VG - JFS2 Shrink - SUMA - SW RAS features - POSIX Realtime,2004-2005,AIX 5L V5.1/5.2,Smarter Planet,2007,AIX 6 Enterprise RAS: POWER6 support Workloa
6、d Partitions Application Mobility Continuous Avail. Storage Keys Dynamic tracing Software FFDC Recovery Rtns Concurrent MX Trusted AIX RBAC Encrypting JFS2 AIX Security Expert Director Console,New Enterprise Data Center,1024-way SMT4,5.2,AIX 5.2 WPAR for AIX 7, 為客戶提供整合舊有 AIX 5.2 環境遷移到 AIX 7 工作負載分區的
7、POWER7 解決方案, 保障既有投資應用.,價值一,AIX 5.2 Workload Partitions for AIX 7 在 POWER7 的 AIX 7 工作負載分區中運行您的舊 AIX 5.2 環境,解決方案: AIX 5.2 Workload Partitions for AIX 7，旨在允許管理員簡便地備份運行 AIX 5.2 的現有環境，並將其遷移至 AIX 7 工作負載分區。 系統要求: AIX 5.2 TL10 SP8 作業系統 AIX 7.1 作業系統和 POWER7 處理器伺服器 AIX 5.2 Workload Partitions for AIX 7 PowerV
8、M WPAR Manager 軟體支持線上應用遷移 客戶價值: 整合舊有應用, 享用POWER 7 的高性能 節省機房空間、電量與舊硬體維運費用 保障投資, 提供AIX 5.2 WPAR 維護服務 最新POWER 7先進功能, 如:SMT4, VIOS, LPAR,一步曲 : 備份現有 AIX 5.2 運行環境 二步曲 : 還原到 AIX 5.2 WPAR for AIX 7 環境 三步曲 : 啟動 AIX 5.2 WPAR 應用服務,AIX 5.2 無縫遷移 3步曲 :,AIX 5.2 工作負載分區架構圖 :,AIX 5.2 WPAR for AIX 7, 即刻享用 POWER 7 的高性能
9、, 客戶可整合多作業系統環境到單一平台, 大大簡化管理的複雜度.,價值二,AIX 5.2 Workload Partitions for AIX 7 在 POWER7 的 AIX 7 工作負載分區中運行您的舊 AIX 5.2 環境,Power 7 伺服器讓您輕鬆整合多個 AIX 作業環境,5,POWER Hypervisor,Linux,AIX V6.1,3 Cores,2 Cores,AIX V5.3,6 Cores,Ethernet Sharing,Virtual I/O Server Partition,Storage Sharing,Int Virt Manager,硬體控制平臺(HM
10、C),IBM PowerVM領先虛擬化技術,Virtualization Capabilities: 動態邏輯分區 微分區(支持多達1024個分區) 多組共用處理器池 專用共用處理器 Active Memory Expansion Active Memory Sharing 整合虛擬乙太網卡(IVE) NPIV (N-Port ID Virtualization) 虛擬IO伺服器 Live Partition Mobility (upgrade) Live Application Mobility Lx86 Linux Emulation 工作負載分區 (AIX5.2 WPAR) 和其他多種虛
11、擬化功能,WPAR 5.2,AIX工作負載分區（WPAR, Workload Partitions）,WPARs are designed to save administrator work by reducing the number of AIX instances to patch WPARs have much lower memory resource requirements: 68 MB vs 1GB for an LPAR WPAR takes seconds to create and LPARs minutes Application mobility much simp
12、ler to organize than LPM Lots of WPARs on one AIX is simpler to monitor and control than monitoring across many LPARs.Rapid cloning is easy and lets you use “disposable images“ - simple to create, experiment and throw away,Virtualized AIX operating system environments within a single AIX image Each
13、WPAR shares the single AIX operating system AIX 7 added the capability to run AIX 5.2 in a WPAR* Applications and users inside a WPAR cannot affect resources outside the WPAR: isolation Each WPAR can have a regulated share of processor, memory and other resources Two types of WPAR System WPARs have
14、separate security and appear like a completely separate OS Application WPARs are manageability wrappers around a single application,WPAR的用途,什麼是WPAR？,* Requires purchase of the AIX 5.2 WPARs for AIX 7 product,WPAR共用文件和應用提高系統管理的效率,Workload Partition App Server #1,Workload Partition Billing,Workload Pa
15、rtition BI,Global filesystems / /etc /usr application code /opt application code (or here) /var /tmp /appserver application code (or here),System WPAR filesystems / r/w - unique per WPAR /etc r/w - unique per WPAR /usr r/o from global (typically) /opt r/o from global (typically) /var r/w - unique pe
16、r WPAR /tmp r/w - unique per WPAR /appserver r/o from global /config r/w uniq per WPAR (example),/ /etc /usr /opt /var /tmp /appsvr,WPAR FS App Server 1,Workload Partition App Server #2,Workload Partition Web Server,Application installed in Global instance and used by multiple WPARs,WPAR FS App Serv
17、er 1,NFS,AIX global Instance,AIX System Workload Partition,POWER4, POWER5, or POWER6, POWER7 Logical Partition,System WPAR AIX 6.1/7.1,System WPAR AIX 6.1/7.1,Local Processes,Local Processes,Local Apps,Local Apps,Local Apps,Local Apps,System WPAR AIX 6.1/7.1,Local Processes,Local Apps,Local Apps,Loc
18、al Users,Local Users,Local Users,IP,FS,LUN,IP,FS,LUN,IP,FS,LUN,AIX 6.1/7.1 Global Environment,Global Hardware,WPAR動態遷移（AIX Live Application Mobility）,Can make it easier to consolidate workloads from underutilized servers Can provide increased flexibility to manage workloads by easily moving the work
19、load to another system Facilitates increased reliability by allowing workloads to be moved away during planned outages Automated, policy based relocation can reduce administrative workload Provides a way to manage availability and workload of your IT infrastructure without significantly impacting en
20、d users,The capability to relocate a running Workload Partition from one system to another without restarting the application The application running inside the WPAR resumes running after the relocation is complete Works with systems based on POWER7, POWER6, POWER5 and POWER4 processors Requires the
21、IBMPowerVM Workload Partitions Manager for AIX product, a Systems Director advanced manager Manual or automatic, policy based relocation,How it can help?,What is it?,AIX Workload Partitions Manager,Management of WPARS across multiple systemsFrom WPAR Manager - System Director plug-InSingle Console f
22、or: Graphical Interface Create & Remove Start & stop Checkpoint & Restart Monitoring & Reporting Manual Relocation Automated Relocation Policy driven changeInfrastructure Optimization,微分區和WPAR的功能對比,Versioned Workload Partitions for running AIX 5.2 + Middleware + Apps on POWER7 + AIX7,AIX 5.2,TL10 SP
23、8,AIX Workload Partitions In a Nut Shell,WPAR part of standard AIX 6 (2007) Pre-requisites = AIX 6 (= POWER4 onward)1 Global AIX kernel sharing CPU, RAM, I/O between many WPARsEach Workload Partition (WPAR) Independent WPAR start / stop Own network address (aliased) Isolated users, processes, IPC, c
24、ron, syslog Isolated filesystems: root, /tmp, /var & /home Read-only shared /usr & /opt or optional private copy Full resource control CPU, memory, paging space, disk,WPAR Application Server,WPAR Web Server,WPAR Billing,AIX Global Instance,WPAR Test,WPAR BI,WPAR Reminder,Two Workload Partitions Type
25、s,Create,Stop,Run,Remove,Defined,Active,Application Workloads Isolate an individual application Light-weight, one process can start further processes Created & started in seconds Starts when App created Automatically removed when App stops Shares global file system Good for HPC Long running applicat
26、ions,Create and run,Stop and remove,System Workloads Complete virtualized OS environment Runs multiple services & applications Need to created owns its filesystems Removed only when requested Like another AIX system Own root user, users, and groups Own services like inetd, cron, syslog Can be stoppe
27、d and restarted Does not share writable file systems with other workload partitions or the global level Integrated with RBAC - granular security controls Good for most purposes Try this type first,Versioned WPAR,AIX6,Hardware,App,AIX6,Hardware,LPAR,AIX6,LPAR,VIOS,Application,Application,LPAR,App,App
28、,App,App,App,App,App,App,App,App,Application,App,App,LUNs,WPAR KISS,WPAR Simple, Efficient & Less work,LPAR More disks, More RAM, More admin,Simple 14 WPARs 1 LPAR,More Management 14 LPARs,Which is Faster WPAR versus LPAR ?,WPARs are FASTER than LPARs,Hypervisor & Hardware,LPAR,LPAR,LPAR,LPAR,LPAR,A
29、IX6,Application,AIX6,Application,AIX6,Application,AIX6,Application,AIX6,Application,Global AIX6,Hardware,LPAR,App,App,App,App,App,App,App,Application,App,LPAR,LPAR,LPAR,LPAR,AIX6,Application,AIX6,Application,AIX6,Application,AIX6,Application,Millions of process switch/sec Hot cache,Thousands of LPAR
30、 switch/sec Warm cache,Shared /usr + /opt,/ root,/home,/var,/tmp,/usr,Global AIX Read only,/opt,Private /usr + /opt,/ root,/home,/var,/tmp,/usr,Global AIX Read only,/opt,/usr,/opt,/usr/myapp,If AIX updated, use syncwparto ensure they match,/another,/another,Mount options fromwithin a WPARLocal direc
31、tory Local filesystem NFS mount point NFS (over a GPFS)LUN for Raw I/O LUN +LVM/JFS2 New vSCSI from VIOS,Filesystems,You can mount R/W on to Read Only/usr or /opt filesystem,Copied to WPARat mkwpar time,Private copy is Read/Write,You can mount a filesystem or NFS into your WPAR,Mobile Disks,LUN Disk
32、s,LUN via VIOS HBA Presenting whole disk rootvg = yes memory to memory Relocation,SAN,LUN,VIOS,LUN via AIX HBA rootvg = yes memory to memory Relocation,SAN,LUN,VIOS,HBA,HBA,LUN HBA given to the WPAR rootvg = yes (new 2010),SAN,LUN,HBA,HBA,HBA,HBA,AIX 5.2 Shock Horror!,AIX 5.2 missing features Think
33、“POWER3, RS64, POWER4” No shared CPU or virtual CPU No Virtual I/O Server No Virtual Network No Virtual Disks No Simultaneous Multi-ThreadingOnly dedicated CPUs & dedicated adaptersor whole machineAIX 5.2 feels “crude” compared to todays virtual world,AIX 5.2 - History Lesson,my records Oct 2002 - A
34、IX 5.2 released Aug 2004 - AIX 5.3 released for POWER5 mid 2005 - “functionally stabilised” my guess Mid 2007 - last TL (TL10) released Mid 2008 - withdrawn from marketing Mid 2009 - Last Service Pack 8,AIX 5.2 - History Lesson,Why still running on 4 to 10 years old boxes? “If it aint broke, dont fi
35、x it” AIX upgrade to 5.3 / 6.1/ 7.1? “No way man!” = retest of newer Middle-ware & App Version & OSVersioned WPAR offers Same AIX, same Middle-ware & same Apps on a new hardware base with AIX7 features tooPlus a hidden bonus pack next slide,Remove older machine & speed boost,Remove the older ineffic
36、ient machine Reduced electricity & cooling costs Free up rack space Stop hardware maintenance Some old hardware parts are valuable (see eBay!)New POWER7 machine Boost performance with POWER7 (MHz GHz) or reduce CPU count = reduced software licences Access to AIX7/PowerVM features VIOS virtual disks
37、+ virtual networks SMT=4 AME& WPARs “sees” filesystems = new infrastructure SAS/SSD disks, DVD, 10 Gb Ethernet, 8 Gb Fibre Channel, ,Ancient AIX 5.2 compared to Modern POWER,Power3/RS64/POWER4 24 CPU, 128GB RAM, 8 to 18 GB SCSI disk, 10 to 100 Mb network CD S80=6 rPerfArea Support/Maintenance AIX 5.
38、2 No Old firmware No Old hardware Costly/rPerf Virtual None Performance Slow Electricity High Footprint Large Old application maybe!,WPAR 5.2 + POWER7 + SMT4 256 CPU, 4 TB RAM, 400 GB SAS/FC disks + SSD 10 Gbit Net DVD 710=45 rPerfArea Support/Maintenance AIX 5.2/7.1 YES Firmware Yes Hardware Cheap
39、Fully virtual Completely Performance Fast Electricity Low Footprint Tiny Old application maybe!,Workload Partitions Packaging,Base WPAR included with AIX 6 / AIX 7 Basic WPAR functions AIX command line access only No Live Application MobilityPowerVM Workload Partition (WPAR) Manager FC 5765-G83 Syst
40、ems Director plug-in 60 day trail then buy a licence Includes Live Application Mobility (Relocation) Version 2.2.1 (10th Sept 2010) understands the belowAIX 5.2 Workload Partitions for AIX 7 FC 5765-H38 Extra product/LPP at a cost AIX 5.2 media is not provided & not available AIX 5.2 TL10 SP8 Update
41、 is on Fix-Central = 1.6 GB Supported on AIX 7 & POWER7 only,Moving to the Versioned WPAR Environment,5.2 TL10sp8,WPAR Application Server,WPAR Web Server,WPAR Billing,AIX7 instance,WPAR BI,5.2 TL10sp8,mksysb,1. mksysb,3. Copy to Global AIX,2. Also backupother volume groups,4. Install VersionedWPAR P
42、ackage(just once),5. Create AIX 5.2 WPAR mkwpar C B mksysb-file -l n fred 6. about 15 minutes 7. startwpar fred8. lswpar -t L (type = Legacy!),9. Get your other dataonline & start you app,JFS2,JFS,AIX 5.2 WPAR How do they do that?,AIX 7 Kernel,AIX 7 Commands,AIX 7 Systems Calls,AIX 7 Libraries,User
43、Apps,User Apps,AIX 5.2 WPAR How do they do that?,Also possible to install some AIX 5.2 PTFs Interim fixes,AIX 7 Kernel,AIX 5.2 Commands,AIX 7 Systems Calls,AIX 5.2 Libraries,13 Systems Callsadjusted,300 AIX commands overlay the AIX7 versions hence private /usr + /opt with overlay like uname, perfsta
44、t, fs, vmstat, lparstat, topas_nmon ,AIX 5.2 Appshave no clueits changed,25,/dev/kmem 25 symbols support performance tools get stats,Can load some kernel extensions into WPAR,User Apps,User Apps,Versioned WPARs - Costs,Versioned WPARs are relatively inexpensiveBallpark cost? GB Pounds list price at
45、the time of creating this slide For small machine model = Power 750 & below Per core = NT$ 7,920 + NT$ 41,050 three year SWMA*Charged per core actually running Versioned WPAR includes limited AIX 5.2 support*Prices change so ask for a local quote in your currency,4,AIX 5.2 faster than AIX 5.3 !,Nati
46、ve POWER7 Mode SMT=0, 2, 4 With optional POWER6 Mode for LPM to older machine,POWER6 Mode only Only SMT = off or 2,POWER7 Mode with SMT = 4 So faster* than AIX 5.3!,* Application dependant and assumes many active processes/threadsVersioned WPAR implies further AIX versions AIX 4.3.3 & AIX 5.1 ruled
47、out as they have never run in an LPAR This means it would be costly to develop & there are much lower numbers of users Once AIX 5.3 withdrawn April 2011 & retired from support possibly,3,Summary Versioned WPARs for AIX 5.2,Summary For: Get AIX 5.2 supported Ditch ancient hardware, free up space Lowe
48、r electricity and HW maintenance Move up to the virtual shared everything world Higher performanceAgainst: Small Cost Application support if vendor supporting at all !,5.2,Working with Versioned WPARs,Versioned WPAR package,Install the packages once per Global AIXSupplied on CD/DVD 40 MB Installed i
49、n seconds with smitty installp# lslpp L | grep vwpar vwpar.52.rte AIX 5.2 Versioned WPAR Runtime Environment vwpar.images.52 Versioned WPAR 5.2 Support Images vwpar.images.base Versioned WPAR Base Support Images vwpar.sysmgt Versioned WPAR Management #,Creating a Versioned WPARs command line,Version
50、ed WPAR AIX 5.2 mksysb includes /usr & /opt So mandatory to have private /usr & /opt filesystems It is easy to forget the mkwpar -l option (lowercase L) Default creates local filesystem based on mksysb sizes Example: using NFS to allow Relocation mkwpar -n wp08 -h wp08 -N interface=en0 netmask=255.2
51、55.255.0 address=9.3.2.8 -r -C -B my_mksysb_from_AIX52_TL10_SP8_box -l -M directory=/ vfs=nfs host= dev=/nfs/wp08root -M directory=/opt vfs=nfs host= dev=/nfs/wp08opt -M directory=/usr vfs=nfs host= dev=/nfs/wp08usr -M directory=/home vfs=nfs host= dev=/nfs/wp08home -M directory=/tmp vfs=nfs host= dev=/nfs/wp08tmp -M directory=/var vfs=nfs host= dev=/nfs/wp08var -c# New options for Versioned WPAR & mksysb file # Additions for private /usr + /opt which are mandatory with versioned WPAR,
