1、The shoes are too big for me.,What did he say?,He said the shoes were too big for him.,Grammar,直接引语和间接引语,Direct and Indirect Speech,基本概念,直接引述别人的原话。通常都用引号“”括起来。,用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。,直接引语,间接引语,5. 注意地点的变化,在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化,1. 注意时态的变化,2. 注意人称变化。,3. 注意指示代词的变化,4. 注意时间的变化,6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化,直接引语,
2、间接引语,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般过去时,过去完成时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,The teacher said, “ The sun is bigger than the earth.”,The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.,特殊: 直接引语若是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变.,2、时态的变化,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this we
3、ek,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,two days before,tomorrow,the next day,next month,the next month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,、其他特殊变化,3,I am good at dancing.,I visited the Great Wall yesterday.,She said she had v
4、isited the Great Wall the day before.,She said she was good at dancing.,结论一,直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.,Do you like flowers?,She asked me whether/if I liked flowers?,Where are you going for your holiday?,She asked me where I were going for my holiday.,He ordered/told
5、 me to be quiet!,Be quiet!,He ordered/told me not to make noise.,Dont make noise!,Follow me, please!,He asked me to follow him.,结论二,直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。 直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。,结论三,直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never. 并根据语气的不同在动词
6、不定前加tell, ask, order ,beg ，advise等动词。,1、人称的变化,一 随 主,二随宾,三 不 变,引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第三人 称在变间引后人 称不变,She said,“ I like Tennis.”,She said that sheliked tennis.,He said to Lily, “ you must get up early.”,He told Lily thatshe must get upearly.,She said to me , “ The
7、y want to help him.”,She told me that they wanted to help him.,：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新,直接引语和间接引语正误例析,1. “Where does your chemistry teacher live,Karen?” the young man asked.The young man asked Karen where did her chemistry teacher live. The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived简析:一般说来,直接引语
8、是疑问句,将其变为间接引语时,原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。,2. “I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily.The little boy said happily that he has gained the first place in the mathematics competition. The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathemati
9、cs competition. 简析:直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词一般要用相应的某种过去时态, 所以本句中的现在完成时应改为过去完成时。,3. “Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light traveled faster than sound.The physics teacher told the boys and girls
10、that light travels faster than sound.简析:直接引语为客观真理、格言时,变为间接引语,时态无需改变。,4. “Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.Mary asked me that I would go to the concert with her that evening. Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening. 简析:直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间
11、接引语时,要用连词whether或if引导,而不用that。,5. “What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.The old man asked my brother what he had done here yesterday. The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before. 简析:直接引语变为间接引语时, 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语一般也要作相应改变,如,Exercises,1. He said , “I m afr
12、aid I cant finish this work.”,2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.”3.Tom said “I will see you next week.”,He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.,He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.,Tom said that he would see me the next week.,4. “Why were you late again?” The
13、teacher said to me.5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah.6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.,The teacher asked me why I was late again.,Sarah said she didnt like swimming.,His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”,My classmate a
14、sked me if I had been to Paris.,1. The teacher said，“Dont be late，Mary. ”The teacher told _. A. Mary not to be late B. Mary to be not late C. Mary are not late D. not to be late 2. He asked her，“Where are you going?”He asked her _. A. where she were going B. where she was going toC. where she was go
15、ing D. where she is going,巩固提高,3. The lady said，“I shall go there on time. ”The lady said that _. A. she would come there on time B. she would go there on timeC. she would got here on time D. he would got here on time 4. He said to me，“I wrote to my father yesterday. ”He told me he had written to hi
16、s father _. A. the yesterday B. before today C. the day before D. the next day,5. The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus?”The teacher asked _ for the bus. A. if I was waiting B. was I waiting C. you are waiting D. I was waiting 6. The professor said that light _ faster than sound. A. travels
17、 B. traveled C. travel D. traveled 7. My mother asked me to show my homework to her. My mother said to me，“Show _ homework. ”A. her my B. me your C. her your D. me his,Thank you!,Period 4 Reading II,Unit 1 Friendship,Period 4: 幻灯片59-77页,ways of showing friendship,more ways,ways of showing friendship
18、,more ways,same?,why?,west and east,Every culture has its own ways to show friendship.,Are there any places in theworld where Chinese and westerncultures live side by side?,Hongkong,Macao,Singapore,Hawaii,Its said that Hawaii is a place where the East truly meets the West. Lets see in Hawaii how peo
19、ple show their friendship.,by giving a circle of flowers worn around the neck,lei(s),Read fast and find out more ways/signs to show friendship in Hawaii.,aloha,lokahi,1.To be with happiness 2.Goodbye 3.Our hearts singing together,Oneness with all people,Read the 2nd para. again Why do many different
20、 peoples call Hawaii their home?,Hawaii is a place where people make one big community from many smaller communities.,a rich cultural diversity,True of false questions. ( )1. Hawaiians say “ahoha”to each other to showfriendship. ( )2. They welcome people of all races, languagesand cultures with “oha
21、na” . ( )3. They give visitors a “lei” to make them feelat home. ( )4. Hawaii is a place where many cultures livetogether peacefully and co-operate with eachother. ( )5. People in Hawaii can live in peace becausethey help each other.,T,F,T,T,F,Period 5 Listening,Unit 1 Friendship,Period 5: 幻灯片78-88页
22、,Question: what would you do if you are misunderstood by others?,Brainstorming (2m),Read the text and find out the answer to the following question.,What was upsetting Lisa?He was understood by others to have fallen in love with a boy.,Reading-I-fast reading (1m),Listen to the tape and answer the fo
23、llowing question.,Does Miss Wang advise Lisa to end the friendship with the boy?No. She advises her to ignore the gossiping classmates. Its possible for a boy and a girl to be just good friends.,Listening-I (5m),Listen to the tape and find out the information to fill in the blank.,Listening-II (5m),
24、1. Miss Wang says that there is nothing _ in Lisamaking friends with a boy and that it is _ fora boy and a girl to be just good fiends. 2. Miss Wang says that teenagers like to _ andthat perhaps they cant understand Lisas friendship with the boy. 3. Miss Wang says that Lisas ending the friendshipwit
25、h the boy would be a _ thing to do. 4. Miss Wang says that there is no _ for Lisa tothrow away her friendship with the boy. 5. Miss Wang asks Lisa to _ her gossipingclassmates and show them that she is more _ up.,wrong,possible,gossip,stupid,reason,ignore,grown,Listening Task,Just now we gave Lisa s
26、ome advice to help her with her problem on making friends. And here Annie met the similar problem. We are going to listen to the arguments between Anne and her father. Please listen carefully and finish the following exercises.,First Listening,Q: Whats Annies problem?Her father think it not right to
27、 make friends with a neighboring boy named Peter under such situation.,careful,glad,alone,continue,agree,Second Listening,Give some advice to help Anne with the problem. Make a list of the things she might say to her father to make him change his mind.,Everyone needs a friend. Anne needs a good frie
28、nd. They can talk together happily and they are not doing anything wrong. They are always with the family, so her father can watch over her.,Giving advise (4m),Homework,Make up a dialogue with your partner about something you and your father have different points of views. You are expected to presen
29、t it in the next class.,Take a break!,Period 6 Speaking and Writing,Unit 1 Friendship,Period 6: 幻灯片89-102页,3. Read the letter to the editor from Xiaodong:,Dear editor,Im glad to tell you that I have been admitted into No.1 High School, which I am longing for. Im crazy about everything in the new sch
30、ool.However, my father says, “Students in high school are too busy to care about others.” Facing the new classmates and new teachers, I really dont know what to do. Besides, Im not good at communicating with people. I wonder if I can get along well with my new classmates. Im really upset.Dear editor
31、, can you tell me how to make friends? And what is friendship exactly? I would be grateful if you would give me some advice.Best wishesXiaodong,1) What problem does Xiaodong have? Do you agree with what his father says?Discuss in groups of four. Collect your advice to Xiaodong and your attitude.,Use
32、ful expressions:In my opinion, you shouldMy advice isI think/ believeIm afraid thatI advise you toI dont thinkDont worryI agree/ I dont agree.I think so./ I dont think so.,2) Discuss the basic structure of the letter to Xiaodong from you, the editor, in groups of four.Para. 1: Response Structure Par
33、a. 2-3: Problem solvingPara. 4: Closing,Para. 2-3: Problem solving,Personal attitude Understanding of friendship Advice on making friends,Step 2 While-writing (Individual work)Writing tips: 1st. Organize your ideas and set the paragraphs. 2nd. Use some beautiful expressions and proverbs you have lea
34、rned. 3rd. Use proper linking words like and, so, however, besides etc. to make your letter coherent. 4th. Read aloud the letter and make some improvement. 5th. Try to finish the letter in 1215 minutes.,The End,1. They hid there for almost two years and never dared go out. 2. We tried to calm him do
35、wn, but he kept shouting. 3. Dont laugh at him. Sometimes you are not able to do as well as he (does). 4. In the early 20th century, China went through too many wars. 5. The children havent been outdoors all day. Let them play outdoors for a while. 6. Please use the word to make a sentence according to the situation given. 7. This series of readers is very interesting. 8. The man saved the girl from the river and her mother was very grateful. 9. Mr Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 10. We communicate with each other by Internet.,WB P41 Ex2:,
