1、What do you know about “Sentences”?,1. 句子的构成, 主语, 谓语, 表语, 宾语, 定语, 状语, 补足语,(定语） 主语 + 谓语 +（定语）表语/宾语 + 补足语 + 状语,主要成分,次要成分,2.英语简单句的五种基本句型,1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) S + V The children are playing happily. 2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 S+V+O The Greens enjoy living in China.,3. 主语+谓语+表语 S+V+P 该句型谓语动词为连系动词。常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得
2、), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等。如： He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。 The apple pie tastes really delicious. 苹果派吃起来真是好吃。,4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 S+V+InO+DO 这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，但要加介词for或to。如： My aunt bought me
3、a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me. I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.,5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 S+V+O+OC We must keep our school clean.,3. 词的类型,主语：一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，但在there be 结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。,主语的表现形式： 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 Professor zhang is
4、 a famous scientist. We often speak English in class. One-third of the students in my class are girls. To master a foreign language is necessary. Playing cell phones in class is annoying. The rich should help the poor. When we are going to have final exams has not been decided . It is difficult to w
5、rite an English composition.,谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中做谓语，一般放在主语之后。,谓语的构成 A.简单的谓语-由一个动词或者动词短语构成。 He practises running every morning. She takes good care of her sick mother.,由情态动词或者其他助动词加动词原形构成 You may keep the book for two weeks. Youd better not take the magazine out of the reading room. He has ca
6、ught a bad cold. He has to go to see a doctor. She doesnt seem to like dancing. We are going to call on him tonight. 由系动词加表语构成 We are students. He looked a bit excited.,B. 复合谓语,表语：说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look. grow, turn, seem等） 之后。,表语的表现形式： 名词，代词，形容词，分词，数词，不定式，动名词，介词短语，副词及表语从句 Our
7、teacher of English is an American. I am a teacher. Is it yours? Thats all I want to tell you. The weather has turned cold. Guilin is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited. The speech is exciting. The teacher was pleased with my spoken English.,He is always the first to enter the office. T
8、hree times seven is twenty-one. My job is to teach English. His hobby is playing football. The machine must be out of order. He is against our plan. Time is up. The class is over. My father isnt in. He is out. The truth is that he has never been abroad. What I want to know is when well have the spor
9、ts meet.,宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词后面，但英语介词后也要求用宾语。,宾语的表现形式： 名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词或分词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语），从句 They went to see an exhibition yesterday. We should learn from him. -How many dictionaries do you have?-I have five.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.We should take the wounded to the hos
10、pital quickly.He pretended not to see me. She didnt know what to do next.I enjoy listening to pop music.I think (that) he is fit for his office.He asked me whose pronunciation was the best in the class.,宾语的种类,直接宾语动作的承受者或结果，通常指物Lend me your dictionary.2. 间接宾语动作所向的或所为的人或物，通常指人。 位于直接宾语之前或直接宾语之后，但要加介词to
11、.The company sent us a few computers.He sent a birthday gift to me yesterday.3. 复合宾语 宾语与宾语补足语They elected him their monitor. I found the baby always happy/in the hospital.I often ask him to help me with my English.I find it easy to answer this question.,定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句,定语的表现形式：形容词、分词（短语）、名词、代词、数词
12、、名词所有格、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词和从句等 Guangzhou is a beautiful city. China is a developing country. Who is the man shaking hands with our teacher? There are thirty women teachers in our school. His rapid progress in English made us surprised. More than thirty students in our class have read the book. You shoul
13、d follow the doctors advice. I have a lot of work to do. You mustnt take the book out of the reading room. Who is the girl in red? The man in the room below is friendly. I will remember the day when I first met her.,状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,状语的表现形式：副词及副词性词组、介词短语、不定式（短语）、分词（短语）、名词（短语）及从句Lig
14、ht travels most quickly. Factories and buildings are here and there. I have worked in PZ for 6 years. He is too proud to have passed the exam. He is in the room making a model plane. Not knowing what to do, he asked the teacher for advice. Wait a minute. Please come this way. I must work harder in o
15、rder that I may catch up with the others.,The weather is nice today.,（定语）主语 谓语 （定语） 表语/宾语 状语,Marrying a rich the plan (that shes never man after college is shared with her friends).,What he said is not what I wanted to hear.,(Hot) weather is rare in the north.,The situation wouldnt be out of control
16、 if you had followed my instructions.,My hobby was collecting coins when I was/to collect coins young.,The prize will be given to whoever shows up first according to what the teacher told me.,I hope (that) the ice doesnt melt so fast.,主语 谓语 表语/宾语 补语 状语,The police found him lying on unconsciously the
17、 ground when they broke into the house.,The boss told us to have the job done before he cameback from the conference.,They saw her entering the room/cross the road.,指出下列句子红色字体部分是什么句子成分。,1. There is going to be an American film tonight.,2.He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.,3.His wish is to become
18、a scientist.,4.He managed to finish the work in time.,5. Tome came to ask me for advice.,6.He found it important to master English.,（主语）,（谓语）,（表语）,（宾语）,（状语）,（形式宾语）,7.Do you have anything else to say?,（定语）,8.To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good.,（插入语）,9.Would you please tell me your address?,（间接宾语，直接宾语）,10. He sat there, reading a newspaper.,（状语）,11. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.,（宾语补足语）,12. He noticed a man enter the room。,（宾语补足语）,13. The apples tasted sweet.,（表语）,
