1、情态动词,更多实用、好用的学习教辅资料尽在名师指津：http:/,特别推荐名师指津-高中英语考点测评软件！涵盖高中英语全部考点，科学测评掌握程度，让你心中有数！是高中英语学习必备工具！推广期间凭此信息，包邮优惠，并送名师指津全套高中英语教辅课件！5套起，更可7.5折优惠！不要等到考试后才后悔！(点击查看详情),名师指津-听说考试好易通（考前仿真特训版+考纲话题通用版） 名师指津-广东高考英语命题揭秘与专题练析（原创版+精华版） 名师指津-高中英语课课击破（必修一 至 选修八） 名师指津-广东高中英语总复习,熟读下列句子，细心体会表示下列情态动词的语气和用法。1. He could(=was a
2、ble to) speak English when he was five.他五岁时就会说英语了。,熟读深思,2. In the past 50 years or so, scientists have been able to “see” farther and farther into the sky. 在过去50年里, 科学家们已经能够往天空看得更远。(不用can, 因为can没有完成时),3. He worked very hard and was able to pass that examination.他学习非常努力他已能够通过了那场考试。(不用can，因为指过去具体某次能够做
3、成某事, 要用be able to)4. May/Might/Can/Could I turn on the television？我可以开电视吗？Yes, you can/may.可以。(不用could或might),5. I must write a letter to the headmaster.我非得给校长写封信不可。6. You have to wear uniform on duty, dont you？你在值班时必须穿制服, 是吗？(指制度的约束),7. Yesterday morning I had to call on a friend.昨天早上我必须要去探访一个朋友。(过
4、去式不用must)8. If it should rain tomorrow, dont expect me.万一明天下雨, 就不要等我了。,9. Its strange that he should be late.真奇怪, 他竟然会迟到。10. You ought to/should work harder.你应当更努力地工作。,11. I ought to go and see my uncle in hospital tomorrow, but I dont think I will. 按理我应当明天去看看住院的叔叔的, 但我想我不会去。(强调客观)12. You shall have
5、 it back next week.下星期一定还你。(承诺),13. Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 应试人必须呆在座位, 直到试卷完全收回, 才能离开。(规定)14. Shall he wait for you outside? 要不要他在外面等你？(征求意见),1. 情态动词具有以下3个特点： 后面接动词原形。 没有人称和数的变化。 变为疑问句或否定句时不需要加助动词, 而是将情态动词移至主语前变为疑问句, 在情态动词后加not, 构成否定句。,2. 表示能力
6、, can与be able to 一般可互换, 但be able to可用于将来时和完成时等更多时态; 在表示过去具体某次能够成功做成某事时, 只能用was/were able to。3. 表示请求许可, 可说May/ Might/ Can/ Could I.？但表示给予许可时, 不能用might/ could,即不说you might/ could。,4. must与have to的区别：must强调主观认为“必须” 做某事, 只有一般现在时态; 而have to 强调客观上要求“不得不” 做某事；而且有时态的变化; mustnt “不准”, 而dont have to =neednt“不必
7、”。另外, must还可表示“硬要, 偏要”。,5. should可表示“万一”或“竟然”。6. 表示“应该, 应当”, should和ought to可互换, 只是ought to的语气稍重; should强调主观看法, 而ought to强调客观要求。,7. shall在陈述句中表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告、威胁等; 也可在法令、条约、规章中表示强制, 意为“必须，应该”。还可以用于Shall I/he.(要不要我/他？)。8. might/may as well 不妨, 还是为好; had better do sth.最好做某事; would rather do sth.宁愿做某事
8、。,熟读深思 熟读下列句子, 细心体会表示推测的各个情态动词的语气和用法。1.You must know Diana surely.你准认识戴安娜。,表示推测的情态动词,2.You must be joking. 你一定是在说笑话。3.What can he mean? 他可能是什么意思呢?4.What could have become of him now? 现在他可能怎么样了呢？,5. This project could create 5, 000 new jobs. 这项新工程可能会带来5千个新工作岗位。6. Living in a big city can be very lone
9、ly. 在大城市里生活有时会很孤寂。,7. He might not be in England.他可能不在英国。8. You cant be tired youve only been working for an hour.你不可能就累了你才干了一个钟头。,9. I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep.当时我没不听到电话铃响, 我一定已经睡着了。10. Peter may come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.彼特今晚可能要跟我们来, 但还不肯定。,常用的表示推测的情态动词，若
10、按语气强弱排列，依次有must， can， could， may， might等。其中，could， might不一定是can， may的过去式，只是语气分别比can， may更弱。使用时注意以下几点： 1. must 只用于肯定句，表示有把握的推测,可译作“一定会，准会”。,2. can一般不用于肯定句, 可译作“可能”; 但语气稍弱的could可用于肯定句; can表示“有时也会” 时也可用于肯定句。3. may不用于疑问句, 表示没有把握的推测, 常译作“或许, 可能”。,4. 用于肯定句：must一定, 准会; could, may，might可能，也许。5. 用于否定句：cant,
11、couldnt不可能; may/might not可能不。6. 若对现在或未来情况的推测, 后接动词原形。,7.表示对此刻正在进行的动作进行推测, 后接be doing。8.表示对过去情况的推测, 后接have done。如： must have done 一定已经 can/could have done 可能已经 may/might have done 或许已经,此外, should, ought to(按理应当, 大概), would, will(很可能)等也可表示推测, 语气都较肯定, 且由左至右依次增强, 但较must稍弱。, He should arrive soon他可能很快就到了
12、。, The train should have already left.火车大概已经走了。 I think he would accept the invitation.我想他会接受邀请的。 This will be the house youre looking for.这大概就是你找的那所房子了。,灵活运用,1. Will you read me a story, Mummy? OK. You _have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.,1. 在此表示“许诺”，句意为：如果你尽快上床睡觉的话，你就可以听到一个故事（即我就给你讲一个故事
13、）。,shall,2. Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now？ I am afraid you _, in case he comes late for the meeting.,在此表示“必须”, I am afraid you must的意思是“恐怕你必须要告诉他”, 原因是“以防他开会迟到”。,must,3. If you _ go, at least wait until the storm is over. 3. 在此表示坚持。句意为：如果你一定要去的话，至少也也等这暴风雨停了吧。4. No one _b
14、e compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. Oh, you are really his big fan. 4. 在此表示“能够”。对话中第一句的意思是：在打篮球方面，没有人能够与姚明相比。,must,can,5. It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.,此处的cant表示否定推测, 意思是“不可能”。句意为：门口的人不可能是邮递员, 因为现在才6点钟。,cant,6. I _worry about my weekend I always have my plans read
15、y before it comes.,意为“不必”。句意为：我不必担心我的周末我总是没等到周末就把计划安排好了。,neednt,7. Just be patient. You _ expect the world to change so soon. 7. 表示能力，cant不能。8. May I take this book out of the reading room？No, you _.You read it in here. 8. 表示禁止，“一定不, 不准许”。,cant,mustnt,9. You _ park here! Its an emergency exit. 9. 由I
16、ts an emergency exit可知，“不准”在此停车。10. I cant leave. She told me that I _ stay here until she comes back.10. 表示“必须”, 句意为：我不能离开, 她告诉我必须在这等到她回来。,mustnt,must,11. I dont really like James. Why did you invite him？ Dont worry. He _not come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.,11. 在此表推测, 意为“可能”,否定式m
17、ay/ might not的意思是“可能不”。,may/might,12. I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _have stolen it.,后接完成式在此表示过去本来可能发生而实际上并没有发生的情况。答句的意思是：手提包没丢真是不可思议! 我是说, 本来可能被人偷掉的。,might/could,13. Good morning. Ive got an appoin
18、tment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. Ah, good morning. You _be Mrs. Peters.,表示推测“一定是”。,must,14. Im afraid Mr. Harding _ see you now. Hes busy. 由Im afraid 可知要用否定式, 又由Hes busy可知, 他“不可能”见你。15. It _have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. 由as he is the only
19、 one with a car可知，“一定是”Tom了。,cant,must,16. Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they _ just be quiet people.,由not necessarily(不一定)可知, 填表示“可能”的may。,may,17.The traffic is heavy this day; I _ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place？ 表“可能”“也许”。句意为：这几天道路很堵, 我可能会迟到一会儿, 你
20、能帮我留个座位吗？18.What do you mean, there are only ten tickets？There _ be twelve. 表示“按理应当”。句意为：你什么意思, 只有十张票？应该有十二张的。,might,should,19. Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is？ She _be in the classroom. I saw her there just now. 根据答语说的“我刚才见到她在那儿”可推知，她“一定”还在那儿。20. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _
21、be rather cold sometimes. 表示“有时会”。,must,can,21. She _have left school, for her bike is still here. 表示“不可能已经离开学校了”。22. You _be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago！ 由破折号后面的内容可知, 你现在“不可能”就饿了。,cant,cant,2012年2月19日刘翔打败罗布斯获得伯明翰室内赛冠军,刷新60米栏个人最佳,刘翔“飞人”归来。假如你是校报的记者,请根据以下内容写一篇关于刘翔因伤退赛、养伤归来、再创辉煌的报道
22、。 1. 刘翔本该可以在2008年北京奥运会上获得一枚金牌的, 但使人大感意外的是, 他由于脚伤退出了比赛。 2. 随后,他告诉所有中国人不用担心他,因为他能处理好,他会尽他最大的努力养好伤,回来比赛。,二、写作运用,3. 在他养伤的过程中, 刘翔一定遭受了极大的痛苦, 克服了许多困难, 他甚至可能有时候会想到放弃。 4. 令我们欣慰的是, 缺席13个月后, 刘翔终于回来了, 现在他又可以和跟罗伯斯(Robles)和其他顶级跨栏运动员(top hurdlers)同场竞技了。 5. 事实上, 他能回来全是因为他的自信和信念, 我们其实不必为他担心, 因为他已经做到了。,Liu Xiang cou
23、ld have won a gold medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, but to everyones surprise, he withdrew from the game due to a foot injury. After that, he told all the Chinese not to worry about him because he could handle it and he would try his utmost to recover from his injury and come back.,二、写作运用,During
24、his recovery of the injury, Liu Xiang must have suffered a lot and have overcome a lot of difficulties and he might even have thought of giving up sometimes. Much to our relief, after a 13-month absence, Liu finally returned and now he can again compete with Robles and other top hurdlers. Actually, that he could come back is due to his belief as well as confidence and we neednt have worried about him because he has made it.,Thank You !,更多实用、好用的学习教辅资料尽在名师指津：http:/,
