1、1/9Language points()1. Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.(1)句中 going to a British high school for one year 为动名词短语，在句中作主语。动词ing 形式作主语时，常表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数；有时用 it 作为形式主语，把动名词（真实的主语）置于句尾作后置主语，多见于某些 adj. / n. 之后。常用动名词作主语的句型： It is a waste o
2、f time/ money doing 做是浪费时间/ 金钱的 It is no use/ no good doing 做是没用/ 没有好处的类似的还有：better, wonderful, enjoyable, interesting, foolish, difficult 等。Doing morning exercises is good for your health.Its no use talking to Bill because he will never change his mind.1. (climb)mountains is interesting.2. Its a wa
3、ste of time (advise)such a person to join us.(2) experience v. 体验，经历 n. 经历（C ） ； 经验（U） adj. experienced 有经验的，经验丰富的have experienced in/ of (doing sth.) 在方面有经验= be experienced in (doing sth.) get/ gain experience 获得经验 lack of experience 缺乏经验e.g. I am an outgoing girl who has rich experience in organiz
4、ing school activities.1. Young as she is，she is an (experience)employee.He had many interesting (experience)while traveling in Africa.这位有经验的登山运动员经历了许多冒险，从他自己的冒险经历中他收获了许多经验。The mountain climber a lot of adventures, and he gained much from his own adventurous .2. This means I could get up an hour late
5、r than usual. (1)mean mean+从句 意味着 过去式 meant be meant formean doing sth. 意味着做某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事，本想要做某事【拓展】stop to do 和 stop doing sth. 有类似用法的动词还有：continue、regret、try、forget(2)as usual 和平常一样【辨析】common 、ordinary 、usual 和 normalordinary“平常的，普通的，不特殊的”强调平常， 在一个群体中看不出区别 反specialan ordinary days work 日
6、常工作 ordinary people/ family/ clothes/ mealcommon “常见的，共同的，庸俗的” 反 rare/ uncommoncommon sense Colds are common in winter. 感冒在冬天很常见。normal “正常的，正规的；常态的” 反 abnormal normal behavior the normal temperature of the human body 人的正常体温usual “通常的；惯常的；平常的” usual practice 惯例 反 unusual【练习】Letterboxes are much more
7、 in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead. A. common B. normal C. ordinary D. usual3. On the first day, all of the new students attended an assembly in the school hall.attend vt. 出席，参加；照料 vi. 致力于 n. attendance 出席；到场；出席人数attend school/ a lecture/ a meeting/ ones weddingatten
8、d (on) sb. 照料某人【辨析】join， join in， take part in，participate 和 attendjoin 指加入某个党派、团体组织等，成为其成员之一 “参军、入团、入党”When did your brother join the army?2/9和某人一道做某事 join sb. in (doing) sth. 根据上下文， in (doing) sth. 可以省去Will you join us in the discussion? Hell join us in singing the song.join in 多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等
9、，常用于日常口语。Why didnt you join in the talk last night? Come along, and join in the ball game.take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥积极作用 Well take part in social practice during the summer vacation.take part in 前一般不用冠词，但 part 前面有 adj.修饰时，要用不定冠词。Lincoln took an active part in polities and was st
10、rongly against slavery.attend 是正式用语 及物动词 指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼；去上课/上学/ 听报告等。句子的主语只是去听、去看，自己不一定起积极作用。participate 正式用词 特指参加团体活动，暗示以一个积极的角色参加Thank you all for coming and our camp. I shall be the meeting. A. attend B. join C. participate D. take part in4. He also told us that the best way to earn respect was t
11、o devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades. (1) earn vt.获得；赚，挣得earn sb. sth. 某人得到（名声 reputation、地位等）e.g. Her remark earned a laugh from her husband. At last，he earned the students respect.earn sth. a place 赢得一席之地make/ earn ones living 自食其力 by/ as 靠谋生e.g. He makes his living by selling veget
12、ables.【辨析】win、earn、gainwin 指在竞争、战争、比赛中通过努力获胜，并可能由此得到奖赏earn 指为钱/其他报酬而工作，含有 “报酬是应得的”含义gain 指获得有用的/需要的东西，常用于与钱没关系的场合He wanted to take part in a competition, but he had no money. Fortunately, he a lot of money by working for the newspaper and much experience. At last he the competition and realized his
13、dream.(2) respect n. be adsorbed in; bury oneself in/ be buried in; be involved in; occupy oneself in doing/ with sth.; focus on; concentrate on; fix ones attention on【注意】短语 devote.to.中，to 为介词，所以后面跟名词、动名词形式，类似短语还有 object to，pay attention to， get down to，lead to，look forward to，stick to，be used to等。S
14、ome of them were (devote)to the study of natural science.5. This is about the average size for British schools.average n平均数 adj.平均的；一般的 vt.计算出的平均数3/9the average of 的平均数 on (the) average 平均，一般地说above/ below average 高于/低于平均水平Could you average 3，4 and 8?你能算出 3、4 和 8 的平均数吗？We fail one student per year o
15、n average.我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。6. We also had different students in some classes，so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.(1)struggle n难事；斗争；努力 vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎struggle with/ against 与作斗争；和搏斗 Man has been struggling with/against nature.struggle for 为而斗争/奋斗struggle to do sth. 艰难地做某事，挣扎着做某
16、事；努力做struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来We Chinese are struggling together (build)a harmonious society.Workers are struggling a clean canteen and healthy food.(2) It is/ was+ adj. + for sb.+ to do sth.在英语表达中，为了保持句子的平衡或结构的需要，常用 it 作形式主语，而真正的主语（不定式）放在句后。句中 to remember all the faces and names 是真正主语，it 形主。e.g.
17、 It was an enjoyable experience for him to attend the Rio Olympic Games.It is a pity to give up the job.It is important for us (have)breakfast every day. It is kind you to invite me to the party.7. I felt lucky，as all my teachers gave me much encouragement.encouragement n鼓励 vt. encourage 鼓励；鼓舞encour
18、age sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事A good public transport will encourage people (leave)their cars at home.8. Cooking was really fun as I learnt how to buy, prepare and cook food.(1) Prepare v. 准备，为做准备 n. preparation 准备；筹备prepare sth. （sth. 必须是 “准备”的直接承受者）prepare (sb.) for 为做好准备 （for 表准备的目的，强调动作）be prepared
19、for 为做好准备 （表有所准备，强调状态） make preparation for sth./ to do sth. 为做准备(2) 句中的 fun 视为 adj. funny 有趣的。 “疑问词+to do”作 learn 的宾语9. I look back on my time in the UK with satisfaction，and I really hope to go back and study in Manchester again.(1) look back on 回忆，回顾(2) satisfaction n满意 v. satisfy 使满意（过去分词 satisf
20、ied）satisfactory adj. 满意的；符合要求的With (great) satisfaction 感到（很）满意 He is looking at the picture on the wall with satisfaction.to sb.s satisfaction= to the satisfaction of sb. 令某人满意的是To his satisfaction，he found a job in the big company.satisfy ones needs 满足某人的需求be satisfied with 满足某人的需求 The boss was s
21、atisfied with the new plan.10. I did not realize schools in the UK are so different from schools in China until I read your article.not.until.表示“直到才” ，until 引导时间状语从句， not 否定的是主句的谓4/9语。(1)not.until.“直到才” ，表示直到某一时间，某一行为才发生，之前该行为并没有发生。用在否定句中，主句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词。(2)not until 还可以用于倒装句和强调句中：倒装句结构：Not until状语(副
22、词、介词短语、从句) 部分倒装；强调句结构：It is/wasnot until.that.Book reports werent written until the final threat.He didnt go to bed last night until his mother came back.Not until he saw his father lying in bed，dying ，did he realize how much he loved him.11. Next year，I plan on attending a high school in China on a
23、 student exchange programme，and I found your article a great encouragement to me.exchange n&vt .交换；交流in exchange (for) 作为交换；交流 Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera?make an change 交换 He brought the black jacket to make an exchange for a blue one.exchange A for B 把 A 换成 B He found a ba
24、nk to exchange his dollars for pounds.exchange sth. with sb. May I exchange my seat with you?.语境填词根据语境在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1Now they are seeking for an (experience)scientist to fill the post.2I sang in a club (earn)my daily bread when I was young.3He struggled (succeed)in his business.4You should
25、 show greater respect your elders.5As a matter of fact he isnt really satisfied the hotel service.6Id like to find a job which is more (challenge)7He (devote)to playing piano at one time.8Your coming to help us was a great (encourage)9It is no use (talk)to him，because he never listens.10It was very
26、foolish the boy to swim in the river alone.单句改错(每句一处错误)1It was satisfied that the girl helped her mother clean up the kitchen. 2When I said I was a good swimmer，she challenged to me to a race.3 Mr.Johnson has to work very hard to earn living.5Her life was devoted to care for the sick and needy.6A la
27、nguage exchange is a great way to learn a language with free.完成句子1在太空行走对他来说是一次愉快而兴奋的经历。Walking in space was an enjoyable and exciting experience for him.2直到五年级我才成为一个热衷于攀爬的人。I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade.3保持健康最好的方法就是经常锻炼和合理饮食。The best way to keep healthy is to take regular ex
28、ercise and eat properly.4没有你的帮助，我做好那项工作不容易。It was not easy for me to do the job well without your help.5生活在大城市不如生活在小城镇省钱。Living in big cities is not as cheap as living in small towns.5/912. Whether students want to exercise or just want some fun，they can use our gym.句中 whether.or.“不管还是” ，引导让步状语从句，强调
29、任意选择，此时不能把 whether 换成 if。whether.or.用法归纳：(1)作“不管还是”解，引导让步状语从句，用于表示在从句所提供的两种选择之下，主句所表示的结果都一样(2)作“是还是”解，引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，用于提供两种选择。(3)连接平行结构名词、代词、非谓语动词、介宾短语或句子，用于提供两种选择。Whether I do the dishes or you do them，they still need to be cleaned.It has nothing to do with me whether you will leave or stay
30、.Whether it rains or not，we are playing football on Saturday.13. After graduating from university, he went to China to study Chinese at Beijing Language and Culture Universitygraduate vi.毕业 n毕业生 n. graduation 毕业graduate from 毕业于学校 graduate in 毕业于专业after graduation 毕业后We have some university graduate
31、s in our factory.Hell graduate from college with a degree in law next year.What are you going to do after graduation(graduate)?14. Upon finishing his studies，he started travelling in China.upon finishing 相当于 as soon as he finished，在句中作状语， upon 也可替换为 on。(1)on 或 upon 后也可接名词，意义和 on/upon doing 一样都表示“一就”
32、 。(2)表示“一就”的其他词语或结构：immediately，directly；the instant/moment/minute；no sooner.than，hardly/scarcely.when. 。Upon seeing her child take his first step，she was joyful.Upon his return to his hometown，he went to work in the fields.Upon arriving(arrive)we checked in at the hotel.She burst into laughter the
33、instant she read the letter from her sister.15. He donated most of them to our school library.donate v捐献，捐赠 n. donation 捐赠，捐献 n. donator 捐赠者donate sth. to 把某物捐赠给 make a donation/ donations (of sth. to sb.) 捐赠（某物给某人）e.g. Our school will donate 500 copies of different valuable books to your class.She
34、made a donation of $ 5，000 to the Childrens Hospital.The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.16. The rest of the time which they spend at school is used for independent study.independent adj.独立的 n. independence 独立be independent of 不依赖于，独立于depend onbe dependent on 依靠；依赖；取决于He is old en
35、ough to be independent of his parents.At the age of twelve，I began to live a life of independence(independent)Whether we can go for a picnic depends on the weather.17. With so much free time，students who do not make good use of their time may not pass 6/9their exams.make use of 利用；使用make full/ good
36、use of 充分 /好好利用 make no/ little use of 没有利用come into use 开始使用 bring/ put to use 对加以使用its no use doing 做没用We should make full use of time to study.When did telephone first come into use?Its no use (cry)over spilt milk.18. However，somehow I cant remember the title.somehow adv.不知为什么；不知怎么地；以某种方式，用某种方法an
37、yhow adv. =anyway 无论如何somewhat adv. 稍微，有点Lets forget about that for the moment anyhow.无论如何，让我们暂时忘了那件事。Somehow he made the same mistake again.不知怎么地，他又犯了同样的错误。The cake we made was somewhat of a failure.我们做的蛋糕不大成功。19. We regret to inform you that our library will be closed next Wednesday，Thursday and F
38、riday for the sports meeting.inform vt.通知，告知inform sb. of/ about sth. 通知某人某事（inform 不可直接带双宾语）inform sb. that/ how/ when. Etc 通知/告知 sbkeep sb. informed (of) 随时向 sb.报告/ 使某人被通知n information 信息，情报，资料Ua piece of information 一则消息He informed me that he would be on a business trip the next week.Please infor
39、m me of your arrival time beforehand.Please keep me (inform)when you change your phone number.语境填词根据语境在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1At the news，many people all over the world donated their money the quakehit areas.2After graduating a university，he became a teacher.3Upon (arrive)at the airport，he was arre
40、sted by the police.4The government had handed out all the (donate)food and clothes to the victims.5Tom aimed to his parents by the time he was twenty.6If better use (make)of your spare time，youll make great progress in your study.7Its known to us all that the (deep)you dive，the more difficult you ca
41、n breathe.8Thank you for keeping me (inform)of everything thats happening.完成句子1他们正在谈论一些我根本不知道的作家和作品。They are talking about some writers and works that are unknown to me at all2他是我认识的最勤奋的学生。He is the most diligent student (that)I have known3确保在做实验之前你已经懂了原理。Make sure that you have understood the theor
42、y before you do the experiment.4我们是出去还是待在寝室取决于天气。Whether we will go out or stay in the dorm depends on the weather.5一下飞机，他就被守候的警察逮捕了。Upon/On getting off the plan e，he got arrested by the waiting police.7/920. It is great because it is run by the students for the school.run vt.管理，经营；操作；组织run after 追赶
43、 run away (from) 逃跑，走掉；躲避；逃离run out 被用完，被耗尽（主语为物） run out of 用完，耗尽（主语为人）in the long run 从长远角度看They have all learned to run modern farm machines.She is always running out of money before payday.21. He approved the idea，and two years later I am in charge of the radio club as the oldest student member.
44、(1)approve vi.&vt.批准，通过；赞成，同意vt. approve sth. 批准/通过某事vi. approve of sb. sth. / doing sth. 赞成某人做某事n. give approval to sth. 同意，批准Her father will never approve of her marriage to you.The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval(approve)(2)charge n负责，掌管；收费 vt.使承担责任；收费；控告be in charge
45、 of/ take charge of 负责，掌管表主动，主语由人充当under/ in the charge of 由负责，被掌控表被动，主语由物充当charge sb. money for sth. 因 sth.向 sb.收费free of charge 免费charge sb. with sth. 指控 /控告 sb.Reading in a library is usually free of charge.He was in charge of the shop while the manager was away.The hotel charged me $ 100 for a r
46、oom for the night.He was charged with purposely creating difficulties.22. event n( 重要) 事件；社交活动；比赛项目The conference was an important social event.The 800 meters is the fourth event of the afternoon.23. In the club meetings，we first select poems that we love，and then read them aloud.select vt. 选择，挑选sel
47、ect sb. as 选拔 sb.作为/ 担任select sb. to do sth. 选中某人做某事select sth. for 为 挑选礼物We select him as our football coach.I selected a toy train for my son as his Christmas present.【辨析】select、choose、pick、pick outselect 指从同类的许多东西中仔细辨别后选择，挑选最合适的，从而淘汰一部分。We selected some for seeds.choose 用法最广 侧重于在所给的对象中通过意志或判断进行选择
48、You can choose a book from these.pick “挑选，挑拣” 是仔细挑剔和苛刻地选择，多指挑选有形的东西。Will you help me pick strawberries? Pick and choose 挑三拣四pick sb./ sth. out 挑选出某人/ 某物 分辨出某人/某物She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job.It was just possible to pick out the hut(小舍) on the side of the mountain.1. Finally he the job that we offered.2. Why didnt you a better subject for your composition?8/924. I was a little nervous at first，but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.该句是一个并列复合句，并列连词 but 连接两个分句；而第二个分句
