1、3. respond vi. 回答; 响应; 做出反应【语境领悟】*Daisy responded immediately. 黛西立刻回答。*They still havent responded to my letter. 他们至今仍没有回我的信。*His illness didnt respond to treatment by drugs. 他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。*He responded to my suggestion with a laugh/ by laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。,【归纳拓展】(1)respond to sth. 对做出反应/回答respond
2、to sb. /sth. (with/by sth. )用回应某人(事)(2)response n. 回答; 反应in response to sth. 对做出反应make (a)response tosth. 回答/响应; 对做出反应*My mother opened the door in response to the knock, but there was no one outside. 听到敲门声后, 我妈妈打开了门, 但外面一个人也没有。,【即学活用】完成句子。The disease quickly _the treatment. (respond)这种疗法对这种病很快就起了作用
3、。In spite of hearing his mother calling him, he _it. (response)尽管听到了妈妈在叫他, 他没有做出回应。,responded to,made no,response to,The government has_to public pressure and dropped the proposal. A. answeredB. gotC. acceptedD. responded【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意: 政府已经对公众压力做出了回应, 放弃了那个提议。respond to sth. 对做出反应/回答。,【思维延伸】补充练习N
4、owadays, many people walk to work_Copenhagen Conference calling for living a low-carbon lifestyle to cope with global warming. A. in relation toB. in response toC. in addition to D. in opposition to【解析】选B。句意: 现在很多人步行去上班来回应哥本哈根会议倡导的低碳生活来解决温室效应。in response to对做出反应; in relation to关于, 涉及; in addition to
5、除之外; in opposition to与相反。,9. pay attention to注意【语境领悟】*You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together. 你们应该更多关注我所居住的热带雨林, 并懂得动物们是如何在一起生活的。*A great deal of attention has been paid to protecting the environment. 人们已对保护环境投入了很多注意力。,【归纳拓展】attract/
6、catch/draw/get ones attention吸引某人的注意力fix/focus ones attention on 集中注意力于devote ones attention to 专心于turn ones attention to 将注意力转向*He devoted all his attention to protecting the endangered animals. 他致力于保护濒临危险的动物。,注：介词to 后跟 名词，动名词，what引导的从句,【思维延伸】在以上短语中to为介词, 其后接名词、代词或动名词, 含有介词to的动词短语还有: look forward t
7、o盼望着get down to 开始认真做某事turn to 转向add to 增加lead to 导致,【即学活用】完成句子。The colorful balloons _. 彩色的气球吸引了孩子的注意力。_the peace in the world. 应高度关注世界的和平。With _his study, he made rapid progress. 因把精力集中在学习上, 他进步很快。,caught the babys attention,High attention should be paid to,much attention focused on,Much more atte
8、ntion should be paid_the animals in danger of dying out. A. in protectingB. to protectC. protecting D. to protecting【解析】选D。句意: 我们应多注意保护处于灭绝危险中的动物。pay attention to注意, 其中to为介词, 后跟动名词, 该题中attention被提到了句首, 变为了被动语态。,Much more attention was paid to protect the endangered animals from dying out.,_,protecti
9、ng,Please pay attention to I am about to say.,what,10. appreciate vt. 鉴赏; 感激; 意识到【语境领悟】*Id appreciate some help. 如果有人帮忙我将非常感激。*We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信, 我们将十分感激。*I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 如果你能帮助我做这件事, 我将不胜感激。,【归纳拓展】(1)appreciate sth. 感
10、激appreciate (ones) doing. . . 感激(某人)做某事appreciate it if. . . 要是将不胜感激(2)appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激,【名师点津】喜恨无常的“it”appreciate后面若跟when/if引导的从句作宾语时, 从句之前应用it作形式宾语。类似用法的动词还有hate, love, like, dislike等。, I would appreciate it if you could listen to me carefully. I like it when you are smiling. I hate it when y
11、ou make big nose.,【即学活用】完成句子。I would _you could turn the radio down. 如果你能将收音机音量调小些, 我会不胜感激。I appreciated _to your birthday party. 受邀参加你的生日宴会我很感激。,appreciate it if,being invited,(2014陕西高考)Id appreciate_if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. A. itB. youC. oneD. this【解析】选A。考查
12、代词。句意: 如果你能让我提前知道你是否能来我会很感激的。I would appreciate it if sb. did. . . “如果某人做我会很感激的”, it是形式宾语。,【思维延伸】补充练习Id appreciate_if you could come and help me once more and I always appreciate_me with my English in the past. A. this; you to helpB. that; your helpingC. it; you to helpD. it; your helping【解析】选D。句意:
13、要是你能再一次来帮助我, 我将非常感激。我一直感激你在过去帮助我学习英语。appreciate it if. . . 要是将不胜感激; appreciate ones doing sth. 感激某人做某事。,11. succeed vi. 成功vt. 接替; 继任【语境领悟】*What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?要成功地保护野生动植物必须做什么?*Have you succeeded in passing the exam?你考试及格了吗?,*He will succeed his father as manager o
14、f the shop. 他将接替父亲担任该商店的经理。*His eldest son succeeded to the throne. 他的大儿子继承了王位。,【归纳拓展】(1)succeed in doing sth. 成功地做了某事succeed to sth. 继承了succeed sb. as. . . 继某人之后担任(2)success n. U成功n. C成功的人或事(3)successful adj. 成功的be successful in 在方面成功(4)successfully adv. 成功地,*Confidence is the key to success. 自信是成功
15、的关键。*He was successful in international trade because of his good English. 因为英语出色, 他在国际贸易上很成功。,【巧学助记】 成功记忆succeedAfter succeeding to his fathers company as president successfully, he succeeded in making the company more successful in its field, which helped to make him a big success in turn. 在他成功地继承
16、了父亲的公司并成为公司总裁之后, 他使公司在自己领域里获得了更大的成功。继而, 公司的成功也成就了他的成功人士的地位。,【即学活用】用succeed及相关词的适当形式填空。Weve started our own business. Its a _ and we can earn at least $30, 000 per month. He was glad that he _ in stopping smoking. Arthur was a highly _ businessman. I passed the driving test _ through my hard work.,su
17、ccess,succeeded,successful,successfully,Bob failed in the exam again. He_it; he never worked hard. A. deservedB. succeededC. missedD. considered【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 鲍勃考试又没有及格。他应该这样; 他从来都不努力学习。deserve“值得; 该”符合句意。,12. employ vt. 雇用; 利用(时间、精力等)【语境领悟】*Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt t
18、he animals?他们可以被雇来在公园工作而不伤害动物吗?*The boss employed 20 workers to pick the fruit. 那位老板雇了20位工人摘水果。*How do you employ your spare time?你怎样利用你的业余时间?,【归纳拓展】(1)employ. . . as 雇用某人作/ 把当做来使用employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事(2)employment n. 工作, 职业, 受雇; 使用, 利用out of employment 失业,(3)employer n. 雇用者; 雇主; 老板employee
19、n. 雇工; 雇员 从事于, 忙于(做)某事*The employer employed him as his employee. 雇主雇用了他作为他的雇员。*He has been employed in writing a new book these days. 这些日子他一直忙于写一本新书。,employ oneself in doing sth. be employed in doing sth.,【巧学助记】你想做“雇员”还是“雇主”?,【即学活用】完成句子。We _an adviser. 我们聘用她为顾问。Her father has been _for 3 years. 她父亲
20、失业3年了。,employed her as,out of employment,(2014温州高一检测)You are playing computer games in net bar day and night. You should_your time better. A. saveB. employC. spendD. expect【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 你日日夜夜地在网吧里玩电脑游戏, 你应该更好地利用你的时间。employ利用(时间、精力)等。save节省; spend度过; expect期待。,13. harm n. 危害【语境领悟】*What should be
21、done to punish people who do harm to the animals?应该如何惩罚伤害动物的人?*Too much direct sunlight will harm this plant. 过多的阳光直射会损伤该植物。,【归纳拓展】(1)do harm to sb. /sth. =do sb. /sth. harm 对有害There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害(2)harmful adj. 有害的be harmful to 对有害harmless adj. 无害的,*There is no harm in doing that.
22、那样做并无害处。*It is harmful to your eyes to read in the bus. 在公共汽车上看书对你的眼睛有害。,【易混辨析】,【即学活用】完成句子。Fruit juice can _childrens teeth. 果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。He may say no, but _asking. 他可能拒绝, 但问一问也无妨。,do harm to/be harmful to,there is no harm in,(2014杭州高一检测)My new shoes are a bit tight and both my feet_after a whole da
23、y of work. A. hurtB. injureC. woundD. harm【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。句意: 我的新鞋子有点紧, 经过一整天的工作后, 双脚都疼了。hurt疼; injure伤害; wound(用武器)伤害; harm伤害。,14. It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but Id like to help as the WWF suggests. 这表明保护野生动植物的重要性, 但我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助(你们)。【句式分析】(1)此句为并列复合句。由but连接并列句, but表示转折。(2)
24、在第二分句中含有as引导的方式状语从句。as意为“仿照, 像那样, 如”。,*Do as the Romans do when in Rome. 入乡随俗。*The travellers reached the destination along the road as the map shows. 旅游者们按照地图展示的路线到达了目的地。,【名师点津】as为连词时用法小结(1)引导时间状语从句, 意为“当时候, 随着”; (2)引导原因状语从句, 意为“由于, 因为”; (3)引导让步状语从句, 意为“尽管”。,*As I was waiting for a bus, a bird land
25、ed on my head. 当我在等公共汽车时, 一只小鸟落在了我的头上。*As youre not feeling well, you may stay at home. 既然你不舒服, 就待在家里吧。*Happy as they were, they were still missing home. 尽管他们很开心, 但是他们依然想家。,【即学活用】(2012山东高考)He smiled politely_Mary apologized for her drunken friends. A. asB. ifC. unlessD. though【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句和连词。句意:
26、当玛丽为她醉酒的朋友们向他道歉时, 他礼貌地微笑着。as“当时候”, 引导时间状语从句, 符合句意; if“如果”, 引导条件状语从句; unless“除非”, 引导条件状语从句, 相当于if . . . not; though“虽然, 尽管”, 引导让步状语从句。根据句意可知选A。,(2012陕西高考)Hot_the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. A. although B. as C. while D. however【解析】选B。考查状语从句和倒装。句意: 尽
27、管晚间的空气很热, 我们还是睡得很沉, 因为走了那么长的路程后我们累坏了。句子前半部分为让步状语从句, A项、B项、C项都可表示“尽管”, 引导让步状语从句, 但此句用了倒装, 表语hot提前, 只有as引导让步状语从句要用倒装语序, although与while不能用倒装, 所以B项符合题意。,【要点拾遗】1. protection n. 保护【语境领悟】*Hes devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals. 他终生献身于珍稀动物的保护。*They travelled under the protection of
28、 a number of soldiers. 他们在一些士兵的护卫下旅行。,【归纳拓展】(1)under the protection of. . . 在的保护下(2)protect v. 保护protect. . . from. . . 保护不受(危害)(3)protective adj. 保护的, 防护的protector n. 保护人(或组织、装置等)*Trees produce many leaves, so they provide shade to protect us from/against the sun. 树木长出很多树叶, 所以它们提供树荫保护我们免受阳光照射。,【巧学助
29、记】 学会保护protectionThe laptop must have a protective covering which can protect the computer against water. Im sure this protector can make the computer run well under the protection. 笔记本电脑必须有一层防水保护膜。我确信在这一防水保护膜的保护下电脑能运转良好。,【思维延伸】阻止某人做某事的多种表达方式keep sb. from doing sth. =prevent sb. (from)doing sth. =st
30、op sb. (from)doing sth. *There was nothing to stop her from doing so. 没有什么能够阻止她这样做。*We young people should do something we can to stop the sea from being polluted. 我们年轻人应该做一些力所能及的事来阻止海洋受到污染。,【即学活用】完成句子。Recycling is one way to _. 循环利用是保护环境的一种方式。Something must be done to _. 必须采取措施保护海洋免受污染。,protect the
31、 environment,protect the sea from being polluted,Coats are good means to_people from frostbite in cold winter. A. stopB. preventC. protectD. keep【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 在寒冷的冬季大衣是保护人们免遭冻疮的好工具。protect sb. from保护某人不受危害; stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。,2. loss n. 损失; 遗失; 丧失【语境领悟】*Hell try his
32、 best to make up for the loss. 他将尽全力去弥补损失。*The loss of the first game did not discourage them. 第一场比赛的失败并没有令他们沮丧。*When her son finally left home, Emily felt completely at a loss. 儿子最终离开了家, 埃米莉茫然若失。,【归纳拓展】(1)at a loss不知所措; 困惑; 亏损suffer(great)losses 遭受(重大)损失make up for the loss 弥补损失(2)lose v. 丢失; 失败los
33、e ones way 迷路be lost in 沉迷于; 埋头于,*It was careless of you to lose my car keys. 你实在太粗心, 把我的车钥匙弄丢了。*He looked up at the blue sky and was lost in thought. 他抬头看着蓝天, 沉思起来。,【即学活用】完成句子。The company _as a result of that mistake. 因为那次错误, 公司损失惨重。_, he almost knocked into a car. 陷入沉思, 他险些撞到一辆车上。,suffered great losses,Lost in thought,(2014嘉兴高一检测)The driver was at_loss when_word came that he was going to be fined for speeding. A. a; theB. /; /C. the; theD. a; /【解析】选D。考查冠词。句意: 当他将因超速驾驶而被罚的消息传来时, 这个司机不知所措。at a loss不知所措; 困惑。word表“消息”时, 为不可数名词, 故前不加冠词。,
