1、一、cannot 或 cant表示“不能够”“不可以”和“不可能”。如:1.I cannot answer your question at present.我目前无法回答你的问题。2.Can I leave now?我可以走了吗?No, I am afraid you cant.对不起,恐怕不行。另外,cannot 还用于固定习语中。如: She cannot help laughing. 她禁不住笑了。 I cannot but try again. 我不得不再试一次。You cannot be too careful. 你越小心越好。二、may not 表示“不可以”“不可能”。如: 1
2、.May I turn the radio on?我可以打开收音机吗?No, you may not.不,不可以。2.She is busy these days. She may not go to the concert tonight. 近来她很忙,今晚她可能不来听音乐会了。三、must not 或 mustnt 表示“ 不应该”“不可以”和“禁止”。如:1.May I take this book out of the reading room?我可以把这本书拿出阅览室吗?No, you mustnt. 不,不可以。2.Can I park my car here?我可以在这儿停车吗?
3、No, cars mustnt be parked here.不行,这里禁止停车。四、need not 或 neednt 表示“不必”。如:Must I finish the work at once?我必须马上完成这工作吗?No, you neednt(dont have to).不,你不必。另外,我们要特别注意“情态动词的否定形式+完成时”的表达。cant have done sth.表示“不大可能做某事”,neednt have done sth.表示“本来没有必要做某事但做了”,oughtnt to 或 shouldnt have done sth.表示“本不应该做某事但做了”。如:H
4、e cant have been to Changsha, for he knows little about it. 他不大可能到过长沙,因为他对长沙几乎一无所知。You neednt have taken these exam papers, there were no English lessons this morning. 你本不必带这些试卷,今天上午没有英语课。 I was really anxious about you, you shouldnt have left home without a word.我真担心你,你不该一句话不说就离家了。 You oughtnt to have married her, David. It was a great mistake.你本不该跟她结婚