1、4 动力装置 POWER PLANT4.1 航空发动机类型 AERO-ENGINE TYPE喷气式发动机 jet engine空气喷气发动机 aerojet engine涡轮发动机 turbine engine涡轮喷气发动机 turbo jet engine涡轮风扇（涡扇）发动机 turbo-fan engine燃气涡轮发动机 gas turbine engine轴流式涡轮喷气发动机 axial turbojet engine单转子涡轮喷气发动机 single-spool turbo-jet engine双转子涡轮喷气发动机 two-spool turbo-jet engine单轴发动机 si
2、ngle-shaft engine双轴发动机 two-shaft engine亚音速喷气发动机 subsonic jet engine安装于机身的发动机 fuselage-mounted engine安装于机翼的发动机 wing-mounted engine辅助动力装置 Auxiliary Power Unit APU4.2 发动机部件/系统 ENGINE COMPONENT/SYSTEM4.2.1 发动机整流罩 ENGINE COWLING短舱 nacelle进气道 inlet 进气锥 inlet dome风扇段整流罩 fan cowl风扇段舱门 fan cowl door风扇管道整流罩 f
3、an duct cowl反推力装置整流罩 thrust reverser cowl固定整流罩 fixed cowl可移动整流罩 movable cowl反推力装置外罩环 T/R outer sleeve反推力装置内罩环 T/R inner sleeve后部发动机核心段整流罩 aft engine core cowl喷管整流罩 nozzle cowl主喷管 primary nozzle风扇排气喷管 fan exhaust nozzle中心体 centerbody4.2.2 动力装置相关术语和零/组件TERM AND PART/ASSY RELATIVE TO POWER PLANT推力 thru
4、st 单位推力 specific thrust单位迎面推力 thrust per frontal area推重比 thrust to weight ratio耗油率,耗油量 fuel consumption单位耗油率 specific fuel consumption热效率 thermal efficiency推进效率 propulsive efficiency总效率 overall efficiency空气流量 airflow涵道比 bypass ratio增压比 pressure ratio发动机特性 engine characteristics设计点 design point 非设计点
5、off-design point速度特性 velocity characteristics高度特性 altitude characteristics节流特性 throttle characteristics发动机加速性 engine acceleration发动机减速性 engine deceleration共同工作线 operating line声学处理 acoustic treatment消声壁板 acoustic panel 声学衬垫 acoustic liner防冰 anti-icing短舱防冰 nacelle anti-icing进气道防冰 inlet anti-icing发动机起动
6、 engine start地面起动 ground start空中起动 air start热起动 hot start起动（转速）悬挂 hung start发动机工况 engine operating condition / power rating最大起飞 maximum take-off最大连续 maximum continuous经济巡航 economic cruising灵活起飞 flexible takeoff灵活减推起飞 re-rated takeoff降低推力起飞 derated takeoff复飞 go around飞行慢车 flight idle进近慢车 approach idl
7、e反推慢车 reverse idle着陆慢车 landing idle风车 windmill风车转速 windmill speed空中停车 in-flight shutdown单发停车 engine-out单发失效 one engine inoperative丧失推力控制 loss of thrust control手动功率储备 manual power reserve自动功率储备 automatic power reserve发动机 engine当地发动机 local engine对侧发动机 cross engine发动机压力比 engine pressure ratio发动机状态，功率状态
8、 engine rating发动机转速 engine speed每分钟转数 rotations per minute核心机转子转速 core rotor speed发动机熄火 engine flameout发动机燃油控制开关 engine fuel control switch发动机起动机控制开关 engine starter control switch发动机接口控制组件 engine interface control unit发动机状态监控 engine condition monitoring发动机振动监控 engine vibration monitoring集成发动机振动监控 in
9、tegrated engine vibration monitoring发动机电子控制 Engine Electronic Control EEC全权数字式发动机控制 Full Authority Digital Engine Control FADEC自动起飞推力控制系统 automatic takeoff thrust control system推力管理系统 thrust management system起飞推力参数控制函数 takeoff thrust parameters control function油门台 throttle control quadrant油门杆角度 thro
10、ttle lever angle, power lever angle超速保护 overspeed protection隔离控制组件 isolated control unit隔离控制活门 isolated control valve在控通道 in-control channel线性可变差动传感器 Linear Variable Differential Transformer LVDT旋转可变差动传感器Rotary Variable Differential Transformer RVDT永磁（交流）发电机 Permanent Magnet Alternator PMA引气活门 bleed
11、 valve防火密封件 fireseals涡流控制装置 Vortex Control Device VCD涡流发生器 vortex generator阻气门 blocker door导流板 deflector抗压垫 compression pad整流罩检修门 cowl access doors导轨 track滑轨 slider(反推）整流罩锁 cowl lock组合驱动发电机 Integrated Driven Generator IDG发动机驱动泵 engine driven pump发动机滑油箱/压力释放门 engine oil tank / pressure relief door空气涡
12、轮起动机 air turbine starter起动机空气排放管 starter air discharge duct发电机冷却空气进口 generator cooling air overboard port燃油计量组件 fuel metering unit燃油计量活门 fuel metering valve燃油低压电门 fuel low pressure switch燃油滤弹出旁通电门 fuel filter impending bypass switch滑油注入口 oil filler access滑油低压电门 oil low pressure switch滑油滤弹出旁通电门 oil f
13、ilter impending bypass switch滑油金属屑探测电门 oil chip detector switch齿轮箱 gearbox附件齿轮箱 accessory gearbox传动附件齿轮箱 transfer gearbox电阻式温度设备 resistance temperature device压力调节关断活门 pressure-regulating shutoff valve高压调节关断活门 high pressure-regulating shutoff valve整流罩吊点 cowl sling point整流罩安全锁 cowl safety latch整流罩撑杆 c
14、owl support strut (rod)整流罩铰链 cowl hinge(整流罩) 作动器锁组件 actuator lock assembly快卸销 quick release pin发动机短舱 engine nacelle发动机吊挂 engine pylon吊挂挡板 pylon aprons发动机提升接头 hoist fitting发动机安装架 engine mount安装螺栓 mounting bolts安装接头 attach fitting电气导线 electrical harness4.2.3 进气道 INLET进气机匣 inlet case轴对称进气道 axisymmetric
15、 inlet亚音速进气道 subsonic inlet有中心整流锥体的进气道 central-body inlet收敛扩散形进气道 convergent-divergent inlet固定唇部的进气道 fixed-lip inlet低阻力进气道 low drag inlet二元进气道 two-dimensional inlet三元进气道 three-dimensional inlet自由流管面积 free-stream tube area捕获面积 capture area预压缩 pre-compression总压恢复系数 total pressure recovery coefficient质
16、量流量系数 mass-flow coefficient压力畸变 pressure distortion工作状态，工况 operating condition喉道 throat进口导向叶片 Inlet Guide Vane IGV进气道动态特征 inlet dynamic characteristic进气道唇口 inlet lip进气道与发动机匹配 match of inlet and engine进气道试验 inlet test4.2.4 压气机 COMPRESSOR轴流式压气机 axial-flow compressor涡轮驱动的压气机 turbine-driven compressor单转
17、子压气机 single-spool compressor单转子轴向式压气机 single-spool axial compressor双转子压气机 twin-spool compressor双转子轴向式压气机 twin-spool axial compressor高增压比轴流式压气机 high-pressure ratio axial-flow compressor高压压气机 high-pressure HP compressor中压压气机 intermediate-pressure IP compressor增压级 booster低压压气机 low-pressure LP compresso
18、r单级压气机 single-stage compressor双级压气机 double-stage compressor三级压气机 three-stage compressor多级压气机 multiple-stage compressor低压级压气机 low-stage compressor高压级压气机 high-stage compressor燃气涡轮压气机 gas-turbine compressor喷气发动机压气机 jet-engine compressor双轴压气机 twin shaft compressor叶片式压气机 vane compressor亚音速压气机 subsonic co
19、mpressor跨音速压气机 transonic compressor压气机机匣 compressor case (casing)压气机出口压力 compressor discharge pressure低压系统 LOW PRESSURE LP SYSTEM低压机匣 lower pressure case风扇 fan风扇轴 fan shaft风扇安装盘 fan disc (disk)风扇叶片 fan blade风扇出口导向叶片 fan outlet guide vane 风扇空气活门 fan air valve FAV风扇转子转速 fan rotor speed风扇转速配平 fan speed
20、 trim中压系统 INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE IP SYSTEM增压级压气机 booster compressor增压级转子组件 booster rotor assembly增压级静子组件 booster stator assembly增压级转子叶片 booster blade增压级静子叶片 booster vane增压级进口导向叶片 booster inlet guide vane中压压气机转子 IP compressor rotor中压压气机静子 IP compressor stator高压系统 HIGH PRESSURE HP SYSTEM高压压气机 HP compre
21、ssor压气机转子 compressor rotor鼓筒式转子 drum-type rotor盘式转子 disc-type rotor盘鼓式（混合式）转子 disc-drum rotors压气机静子 compressor stator压气机转子叶片 compressor rotor blade压气机静子叶片（整流叶片） compressor stator vane可调进口导向叶片 variable inlet guide vane静子叶片 vane可调静子叶片 variable stator vane固定静子叶片 stationary stator vane扩压器 diffuser放气机构 a
22、ir bleed unit可调放气活门 variable bleed valve过渡放气活门 transient bleed valve压气机级 compressor stage亚音级 subsonic stage跨音级 transonic stage超音级 supersonic stage压气机空气流量 compressor air flow压气机效率 compressor efficiency压气机增压比 pressure ratio of compressor轴流式压气机通道 axial-flow compressor passage二元流 two-dimensional flow三元流
23、 three-dimensional flow压气机特性 compressor characteristic设计点与非设计点 design point and off- design point旋转失速 rotating stall压气机喘振 compressor surging压气机失速 compressor stall喘振边界 surge limit喘振裕度 surge margin机匣处理 casing treatment压气机试验 compressor test试验相似条件 testing similar condition4.2.5 燃烧室 COMBUSTION CHAMBER, C
24、OMBUSTOR分管燃烧室 multiple combustion chamber环形燃烧室 annular combustion chamber联管燃烧室 tube-annular combustion chamber混合燃烧室 mixed combustion chamber管形燃烧室 can-type combustion chamber筒环形燃烧室 cannular combustion chamber空气混合室 air-mixing chamber涡轮喷气发动机燃烧室 turbojet combustion chamber涡轮风扇喷气发动机燃烧室 turbofan combustio
25、n chamber阻流式燃烧室 baffle-type chamber定压燃烧室 constant-pressure combustor等温燃烧室 constant-temperature combustor高负荷燃烧室 high loading combustor高压环形燃烧室 high pressure annular combustor燃气发生器 gas generator有效燃烧 active combustion绝热燃烧 adiabatical combustion定压燃烧 constant-pressure combustion定容燃烧 constant-volume combus
26、tion分散燃烧 distributed combustion富油燃烧 fuel-rich combustion高压燃烧 high-pressure combustion高速燃烧 high-velocity combustion均匀燃烧 homogeneous combustion理想燃烧 ideal combustion不完全燃烧 imperfect combustion, poor combustion起始燃烧 initiating combustion瞬时燃烧 instantaneous combustion反常燃烧 irregular combustion等压燃烧 isobaric c
27、ombustion不稳定燃烧 nonsteady combustion不持续燃烧 nonsustaining combustion正常燃烧，充分燃烧 normal combustion富氧化剂燃烧 oxidizer-rich combustion局部燃烧 partial combustion完全燃烧 perfect combustion延迟燃烧 retarded combustion定常流燃烧 steady-flow combustion亚音速燃烧 subsonic combustion表面燃烧 surface combustion持续燃烧 sustained combustion燃烧理论 c
28、ombustion theory燃烧效率 combustion efficiency总压恢复系数 coefficient of total pressure recovery阻力系数 drag coefficient扩压器效率 diffuser efficiency静压恢复系数 coefficient of static pressure recovery热损失 heat loss低热值 low calorific value余气系数 excess air coefficient油气比 fuel-air ratio加温比 temperature ratio出口温度分布 exit tempera
29、ture distribution出口温度分布系数 exit temperature distribution coefficient点火特性 ignition characteristic点火能量 ignition energy点火时间 ignition time点火延迟 ignition delay停留时间 residence time火焰传播速度 flame velocity熄火特性 blowout characteristic燃烧产物 combustion product排气发散 exhaust emission过渡区 intermediate zone掺混区 dilution zon
30、e流量系数 discharge coefficient燃烧室壁温 combustor wall temperature燃烧室冷却 combustor cooling燃烧室机匣 combustor casing燃烧室外机匣 combustor outer casing扩压器 diffuser火焰筒 flame tube, burner 气膜冷却式火焰筒 film-cooled flame tube发汗冷却式火焰筒 sweat-cooled flame tube4.2.6 涡轮 TURBINE轴流式涡轮 axial-flow turbine单级涡轮 single-stage turbine两级涡轮
31、 two-stage turbine三级涡轮 three-stage turbine多级涡轮 multistage turbine亚音速涡轮 subsonic turbine跨音速涡轮 transonic turbine高压涡轮 High Pressure Turbine HPT中压涡轮 Intermediate Pressure Turbine IPT低压涡轮 Low Pressure Turbine LPT燃气涡轮 gas turbine空气驱动涡轮 air-driven turbine冲压空气涡轮 Ram Air Turbine RAT涡轮外机匣 turbine outer case涡轮
32、导向叶片 turbine guide vanes涡轮转子 turbine rotor涡轮轴 turbine shaft涡轮转子叶片 turbine rotor blades涡轮静子叶片（导向叶片） turbine stator vanes, (nozzle guide vane)涡轮静子 turbine stator叶片 blade, vane导向叶片 guide vane涡轮进口温度 turbine inlet gas temperature涡轮级间温度 Interstage Turbine Temperature ITT高压涡轮主动间隙控制 high pressure turbine ac
33、tive clearance control低压涡轮主动间隙控制 low pressure turbine active clearance control涡轮效率 turbine efficiency高温涡轮试验 high temperature turbine test涡轮叶片冷却效果试验 cooling effectiveness test of turbine blade全尺寸涡轮试验 full size turbine test4.2.7 发动机排气系统 ENGINE EXHAUST SYSTEM风扇排气 fan exhaust涡轮排气 turbine exhaust涡轮排气整流锥
34、turbine exhaust cone (plug)尾喷管 tailpipe nozzle排气管 exhaust pipe亚音速喷管 subsonic nozzle消音喷管 sound-suppression nozzle反推(力）装置 thrust reverser T/R靶式反推装置 target-type thrust reverser门式反推装置 door-type thrust reverser叶栅式反推装置 cascade-type thrust reverser风扇函道反推装置 fan thrust reverser内函道反推装置 turbine thrust reverser
35、尾喷管反推装置 tailpipe thrust reverser反推操纵手柄 reverse thrust lever反推（装置）作动系统 thrust reverser actuating system反推装置作动器 thrust reverser actuator反推装置控制活门 thrust reverser control valve反推装置扭力盒 thrust reverser torque box同步作动器 synchronized actuators同步软轴 synchronizing flexible shaft方向控制活门 direction control valve反推装
36、置控制位置传感器 T/R control position sensor反推装置指示位置传感器 T/R indication position sensor(反推装置)阻气门 blocker door(反推装置)移动外罩 translating sleeve(反推装置)叶栅叶片 cascade vanes(反推装置）叉形件组件 bifurcation assy排气机匣 exhaust case发动机排气温度 engine exhaust temperature消音器 noise suppressor隔热屏 heat shroud护罩 shields喷管整流锥 jet cone出口导向叶片 Ou
37、tlet Guide VaneOGV喷管膨胀比 nozzle expansion ratio尾喷管工作特性 exhaust nozzle characteristics喷管效率 nozzle efficiency喷管推力系数 nozzle thrust coefficient尾喷管试验 exhaust nozzle test尾喷管内流特性试验internal stream characteristic test of exhaust nozzle4.3 其他 MISCELLANEOUS二进制数 binary number 二进制数系统 Binary Number System BNS二进制代码 Binery Coded Decimal BCD自检,机内测试 built-in test地面停车自检 ground shutdown built-in test地面维护超控 ground maintenance override地面支持软件 ground support software买方提供设备 Buyer Furnished Equipment BFE限时派遣 time limited dispatch
