1、高二定语从句复习课的教学方案设计莆田二中 英语组 李碧英2014 年 4 月 2 日一 定语从句复习的总体目标1.复习总结定语从句的基本语法规则。2.掌握定语从句的常考点及特殊用法。二. 定语从句复习的重点：1. 定语从句关系代词和关系副词的基本用法。2. 定语从句中介词+which/whom。3. as 和 which 所引导非限制性定语从句的区别 。4 分隔式定语从句。5.定语从句的特殊性三. 定语从句复习的难点1.关系代词与关系副词的区别2. as 和 which 所引导非限制性定语从句的区别 。3.定语从句的特殊性四.定语从句复习的教学方法归纳法五教学目标知识目标:使学生掌握引导定语从
2、句的关系代词和关系副词，掌握 as 和 which所引导非限制性定语从句的用法以及分隔式定语从句。能力目标:培养学生如何确定关系代词和关系副词的选用以及一些解题技巧。情感目标:培养学生的竞争意识和自主学习的能力，培养学生学习英语的热情。六. 定语从句复习课的教学步骤Step1. 导入Lets play a game-Words guessingDescribe anyone or anything in your daily life by using an attributive clause and let others guess who he/she is or what it is.
3、 设计意图：因为语法复习课的枯燥性，利用这个游戏来调动学生学习的积极性和活跃课堂气氛，并从而复习定语从句的概念,基本结构和引导词。(一)、概念：1. 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句的关系词到底是用关系代词还是关系副词取决于先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分。(二)、引导词：1)关系代词： that， which， who， whom， whose, as2)关系副词：when, where , whyStep2. 懂得用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句 的关键。1) A plane is a machine that can fly. 2) The n
4、oodles that I cooked were delicious.3) Lets ask the man who is reading the book over there. 4) The girl who we saw yesterday is Jims sister. 5)They planted the trees which didnt need much water. 6) The fish which we bought were not fresh. 7)The boy who is called Michael broke the window. (主语) 8) The
5、 person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (宾语)9) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write10) This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.11) This is the book whose cover is blue.12)The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.13)The flood from whose effect
6、many people suffered hit Putian in 1999.14)Let children read such books as will make them better and wiser.15)He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find.16)This is so easy a question as I can answer.17) This is the factory where I stayed last year. 18)This is the factory( which/that)I visited las
7、t year.19)This is the factory where/to which I paid a visit last year.20)Ill never forget the days when I worked with you in the city.21)Ill never forget the days ( that/which) I spent with you in the city.22)I will never forget the days that /which arecloudy and rainy.23).The reason( which/that)he
8、gave us was enough.24)The reason( which/that) you explained to me was enough.25)The reason why he was late was that he was caught in the traffic jam.设计意图：利用以上这些练习让学生自己总结出选择合适的引导词的方法以及做题的步骤。来源:学科网 ZXXK总结：如何选择引导词？1) 找主句，从句，先行词；2) 代先行词进横线，看此先行词在从句中充当什么成分，缺什么，补什么。缺主语，指物时，用：that/which; 指人时，用：who/that;缺宾语
9、，指物时，用：which/that/; 指人时，用：who/whom/that/;缺表语，用：that;缺定语，指人或物，都用：whose;如果先行词受到 such,as,the same 或者 so 修饰，关系代词用 as6 缺时间状语，用：when;缺地点状语，用：where; 缺原因状语，用：why.Step3. 定语从句的特殊考点: “介词+which/whom”1.Who is the man with whom you just shook hands?2.In the dark street there wasnt a single person to whom she coul
10、d turn for help。 3.He had a bad cold, because of which he didnt attend the meeting.4.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm by which many people have got home. 5. This is the camera with which he often takes photos.如何选择介词？ 由 从句谓语动词 的习惯搭配而定。如第 1,2 题。 根据定语从句意思的需要, 此时不但要注意 其前的搭配也要注意
11、其后的搭配. 如第 3,4 题。由 先行词 的习惯搭配而定。如第 5 题。设计意图：利用这些练习让学生自己总结出介词后什么情况用 whom/which 和which/whom 前用什么介词。Step4. as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句的区别As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.Conclusion1: 由 as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as 和 which 可代整个主句，相当于 and this 或 an
12、d that。as 一般放在句首，which 在句中。As our teacher points out, that book is of benefit to everyone. Heat is a form of energy ,as is known to all of usThis machine, as might be expected，has stopped operatingConclusion2: as 意为“正如”,后面谓语动词多是 see ,know, expect, say , mention , report , announce , imagine, happen,
13、 point out等和 as is often the case.这一结构中。 He saw the girl, which delighted himHe didnt pass the exam, which made his mother angryHe often calls me Tom, which is funny.Conclusion3: 当关系代词代表主句引起的结果，定语从句为动词的复合结构和系表结构时,多用 which.He married again, as was expected. He married again, which was unexpectedHe ma
14、rried again, which was not expected.Conclusion4: 当定语从句为否定句或者是定语从句的意思与主句相反或者相悖时，常用 which.设计意图：利用上面两组练习让学生归纳出 as 和 which 所引导非限制性定语从句的区别，以及非 限制性定语从句中的常考点 as/which 的用法。Step5.分隔式定语从句定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，但有时候也会被插入语，同位语，状语，谓语或其他定语等成分分隔。如果是隔开了的定语从句，则要根据句意找到先行词，然后再进行句子结构分析。Because of the financial crisis , days a
15、re gone when local 5-star hotels charges 6,000 yuan for a night.Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training center with her sister where she would stay for an hour.设计意图：利用以上的练习，让学生学会如何判定分隔式的定语从句并找出相应的先行词，以便更好地解题。St
16、ep6.定语从句的特殊性1)抽象地点类先行词的定语从句。当先行词为 stage, situation , point , case , position , system ,process, job 等且先行词在定语从句中作状语，这时常用 where 引导。This is a job where people need much patience and courage.They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.There was still one point that /which/省略
17、I wanted to make clear.2) during which time , in which case, on which occasion 的用法。I studied here from 2002 to 2004, during which time I lived happily.I may have to work late , in which case I will telephone you.3.定语从句的主谓一致People who come first can get a prize.Anyone who comes first can get a prize.
18、Whoever comes first can get a prize.(名从)He is one of the students who have been to America.He is the one /the only one/ the very one of the students who has been to America.4.定语从句与一些句型结构的考查1.The difficulty he had_ the job was great.A. to do B. do C. doing D.done2.The day he looked forward to _finall
19、y.A.come B. coming C. to come D. came3.The theory he stuck _ right.A.to prove B .proved C. to proving D.to proved设计意图：利用以上的练习让学生更好地把握定语从句的一些特殊性，有利用于学生更好地解题。Step7 巩固练习：(2013 北京) Many countries are now setting up national parks _animals and plants can be protected.A. when B. which C. whose D. where(20
20、13 安徽) Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.A. it B. that C. what D. which(2013 辽宁) He may win the competition, _he is likely to get into the national team.A. in which case B. in that caseC. in what case D. in whose c
21、ase(2013 陕西)_is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A. It B. That C. What D. As【2012 全国卷 II】 That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. thatB. which C. what D. when【2012 安徽】lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A. as B. it C. which D. this(2013 北京) Many countries are now setting up national parks _animals and plants can
