1、II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years.A. through B. up C. with D. fr
2、om26. To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered _.A. the other B. other C. the others D. another27. Its no use _ without taking action.A. complain B. complaining C. being complained D. to be complained28. I _ worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.A. cant B.
3、mustnt C. darent D. neednt29. When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they had managed with _ money.A. so few B. such few C. so little D. such little30. It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party, _?A. doesnt it B. does it C. dont they D. do they31. After
4、getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _ four days later.A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued32. The rare fish, _ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. saved B. saving C. to be saved D. having saved33. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncl
5、e Sam. Then I changed my mind, _ that he could do nothing to help.A. to realize B. realized C. realizing D. being realized34. Did you predict that many students _ up for the dance competition?A. would sign B. signed C. have signed D. had signed35. There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling
6、 of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. what B. if C. how D. that36. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait _ it comes out on DVD.A. whether B. after C. though D. until37. The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life.A. in ca
7、se B. as if C. in order that D. only if38. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand.A. why B. that C. which D. what39. Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.A. which B. where C. when D. as4
8、0. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing but we seem _ the art of communicating face-to-face.A. losing B. to be losing C. to be lost D. having lostSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one w
9、ord more than you need.A. launched B. unpleasant C. applying D. technically E. impactF. coating G. fixed H. miraculously I. superior J. advancesHow would you like to wear the same underwear (内衣裤) for weeks? Owing to the work that has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as 41
10、as it sounds. Self-cleaning clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide 42 resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop
11、better products. This self-cleaning nature is known as the “lotus effect”. The name comes, of course, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost 43 clean. By observing nature, scientists are 44 the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materia
12、ls they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been 45 . Among them are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special 46 on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain. I
13、n fact, these new windows have already been 47 to some cars. Even when traveling at high speed through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).Although we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic 48 will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps,
14、 change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger 49 on our lives.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the
15、 word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the
16、 story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business 52 that the customer remains a customer.53 to concentrate on retaining as well
17、as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how
18、 many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55 implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the numbe
19、r of defecting (流失的) customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Dominos Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the com
20、pany thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid t
21、o 61 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend
22、 to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all51. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52. A. denyi
23、ng B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54. A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical56. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. differe nce57. A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58. A. as a result B. on th
24、e whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensit
25、ive64. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenientSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the informa
26、tion given in the passage you have just read.AThe teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mothers brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey.During my childhood and youth, Aunt M
27、yrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good. I couldnt dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre not just c
28、hildrens theatre but adult comedies and dramasand her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for hum
29、or, and Ill never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquiss Archy it is of the tail flukes. These markings are like fingerprints: no two are the same.Humpback whales live in large groups. They communicate with each other through complex “songs”.state: estimated that there are about 50007000 humpbac
30、k whales worldwide.69. According to Quick Facts, a humpback whale _.A. cannot survive in waters near the shore B. doesnt live in the same waters all the timeC. lives mainly on underwater plants D. prefers to work alone when hunting food70. To make a breach, a humpback whale must _.A. use its tail fl
31、ukes to leap out of the water B. twist its body sideways to jump high.C. blow two streams of water D. communicate with a group of humpbacks.71. From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale _.A. has its unique markings on it tail flukes B. has black and white fingerprintsC. gets its name from
32、the way it hunts D. is a great performer due to its songsCHuman remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古学家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary,
33、 Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision mean
34、s scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to b
35、asic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write.The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a t
36、emporary extension to give them more time, but eventuallly the bones will have to be returned to the ground.The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,
37、000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the pr
38、oper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two ye ars ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist
39、 at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be ke
40、pt.72. According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because _.A. it is only a temporary measure on the human remainsB. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchC. it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeD. it is vague about where and ho
41、w to rebury human remains73. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.B. Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.C. Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension
42、 of time.D. Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.74. What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?A. The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.C. The law on h
43、uman remains hasnt changed in recent decades.D. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.B. Research time should be extended, scientists require.C. Law on
44、human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.D. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.Se ction CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. Manufacturing in
45、dustry in information economyB. News in the age of informationC. Argument about individual accounts and their reliabilityD. Be your own investigative journalistE. Dont believe everything you read in the newspapers.F. Information is presented in an entertaining way.76. _With the arrival of the age of
46、 “information economy”, intellectual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than manufacturing. Organizations in all walks of life are doing more to spread their inf ormation. So people of the Public Relations are hired to speak for them. A lot of our news is actually collected from press releases and reports of events intentionally staged for journalists. In the information age, journalists spend their time, not investigating, but passing on the words of a sp
