1、Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator applic
2、ation began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this
3、 robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set
4、 for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standa
5、rds. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of ind
6、ustrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of autom
7、ation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opp
8、ortunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm r
9、esearch began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic ar
10、m spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like wel
11、ding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of “sense“, when the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandman
12、ipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old
13、-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reformin
14、g the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of Chinas modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advan
15、tages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) the official designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred
16、to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer.
17、The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual m
18、odel, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of di
19、stributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main
20、 use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelec
21、tronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is2004 年全国普通高考语文试题（全国卷）第卷本试卷共 14 小题，每小题 3 分，共 42 分一、 （18 分，每小题 3 分）1、下列词语加点的字读音都不相同的一组是 DA唾弃 沉睡 千锤百炼 捶胸顿足B憔悴 粉碎 猝不及防 出类拔萃C啜泣 拾掇 缀玉连珠 苦学不辍D悼念 泥淖 绰绰有余 掉以轻心2、下列词语没有错别字的一组 DA班配 藏污纳垢 草菅人命 看菜吃饭，量体裁衣B凌厉 怙恶不悛 不落巢臼 己所不欲，勿
22、施于人C懵懂 挺而走险 流言蜚语 如临深渊，如履薄冰D怄气 徒有虚名 鬼斧神工 失之毫厘，谬以千里3、依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是 D岗位培训改变了旨在学校接受教育的状况，一个人离开学校并不意味着学习的_。由于环境污染和一些人为的原因，著名的阿尔巴斯白山羊的品质正在逐步地_。终于回到了魂牵梦萦的故乡，再次走上熟悉的大街小巷，_想起许多往事。A终止 蜕化 难免B中止 退化 难免C中止 蜕化 不免D终止 退化 不免4、下列各句中，加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是 BA和煦的春风带来生机盎然的季节，学校社团的招新活动再次成为一道亮丽的风景线，男女同学纷至沓来，踊跃报名。B机场附近山顶的大
23、量无线发射台严重影响飞行安全，目前虽有一些已搬下山，但这对实现机场净空不过是九牛一毛。C东方大学城在短短四年内就以 2.1 亿元自有资金获取了 13.7 亿元巨额利润，这种惊人Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has b
24、een rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstance
25、s showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmabl
26、e logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win
27、 big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is
28、complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations o
29、n the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on
30、in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.
31、2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an
32、industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generation
33、s that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of “sense“, when the
34、 mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begandmanipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equ
35、ipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic c
36、ontrol, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of Chinas modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay o
37、f the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) the official designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial au
38、tomation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origin
39、s and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the
40、computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial co
41、ntrol computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous
42、process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th ce
43、ntury emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is的财富增长速度确实匪夷所思。D很多教师和学生都有这样的经验和体会，在考试前一定要保持轻松的心态，采用疲劳战术和题海战术之能事倍功半。5、下列各句中，标点符号使用正确的一句是 AA我国月球探测工程将分三步实施：一是 “绕” ，即卫星绕月飞行；二是
44、“落” ，即探测装置登上月球；三是“回” ，即采集月壤样品返回地球。B我国第一座自主设计、自行建造的国产化商业核电站“泰山第二核电站”的 2 号机组核反应堆首次临界试验获得成功，将于年内并网发电。C近年来，随着经济的发展，城市的扩大，人口的猛增和甚或质量的提高，城市垃圾不断增加， “城市垃圾处理”已成为环境保护的一大难题。D 地质灾害防治条例正式确立了： “自然因素造成的地质灾害，由各级政府负责治理；人为因素引发的地质灾害，谁引发谁治理”的原则。6、下列各句中，没有语病的一句是 CA近日新区法院审结了这起案件，违约经营的小张被判令赔偿原告好路缘商贸公司经济损失和诉讼费三千余元。B美国 2003
45、 年调整了签证政策，规定申请留学签证的申请时间要在所申请学校开学前3 个月到 2 个星期内进行。C最近的一项社会调查显示，不少网络游戏带有暴力和色情内容，这无疑会严重影响青少年的身心健康。D面对有 5 名具有 NBA 打球经验的美国队，中国队并不怯阵，整场比赛打得气势如虹，最终以三分优势战胜对手。二、 （12 分，每小题 3 分）白鹤梁白鹤梁是一段长约 1600 米、平均宽约 15 米的石梁，位于重庆市涪陵区北面的长江中，因从前经常有许多白鹤栖息于梁上而得名。白鹤梁多数时候隐没于江中，只有在枯水期才显露出来。从唐代广德元年（公元 763 年）以来，先人们以在石梁上刻石鱼的方法记录了长江的枯水水
46、位；石梁上还有许多诗文碑刻，也写到了石鱼出水的时间和石鱼距离枯水线的尺度等。这些石鱼和碑刻是非常珍贵的水文资料，为探索过去 1200 年以来长江上游枯水期的发生和水量的变化规律提供了极其准确的科学依据，因此白鹤梁被誉为“世界第一古代水文站” 。加上白鹤梁上的题刻大多出自历代名家之手，具有极高的艺术欣赏和保留价Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation
47、technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of
48、poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting d
49、evelopment. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to devel
