1、Unit11. 1) A entertaining B entertainment C entertained D entertainer2) A recognizable B recognized C recognition 3) A tempting B temptation C tempt 4) A reasoned B reasoning C reasonable D reason5) A analyzed B analytical C analyst D analysis6) A valuable B valuation C valued/values D values7) A hu
2、morist B humor C humorous D humorless8) A understandable B understanding C understand D misunderstood2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helpless
3、ness 9) a sense of direction10) a sense of urgency3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments 4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attent
4、ion 10) we buy our tickets in advance4. 1) certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) troubleUnit2Step OneColumn AColumn BThe Compound Words createdthrough day throughoutu
5、p man upbeat, upliftdraw eared drawbackteen ready teenagehand conscious handout, handwrittenbirth back birthday, birthstonechair distance chairmanrag beat rag-earedever lift ever-readyover age overdue, overagelong due long-distance, long-earedself stone self-consciousmile out mileage, milestonetype
6、wishing typewriter, typewrittenwell Writer/written well-wishing, well-writtenStep Two1) long-distance 2) upbeat 3) ever-ready 4) overdue 5) typewriter6) milestone 7) handwritten 8) uplifted 9) self-conscious 10) rag-eared11) birthday 12) throughout 13) drawbacks 14) chairman 15) teenage3. 1) thrives
7、 2) strategy3) annual 4) deserve 5) spontaneous6) sincere7) investments 8) enterprise 9) follow up 10) characterized 11) lingered12) acknowledged4. column 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) C tough 1) D 2) B 3) E 4) F 5) C 6) A6. 1) searched 2) clever 3) solution 4) wasted 5) tolerate 6) hidden7) dumb8) subject 9) n
8、oise 10) extra 11) purchased 12) replaced 13) appreciation14) hurried 15) warrant 16) strangeUnit 3Understanding the Organization of the Text(1) Introduction (para 1)It has been proven repeatedly that the various types of behavior, emotions, andinterests that constitute being masculine and feminine
9、are patterned by both heredityand culture.(2) There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls. (para. 2-4)Supporting evidenceA. Teachers called on males in class far more than on female students. (para 2)i) Its consequence: This has a tremendous impact on the learning process.ii) T
10、he reason for this: Active classroom participants develop more positive attitudesand go on to higher achievement.iii) Two examples:a. In many of the former all-womens colleges, the boys were taking over the class-room discussions and active participation by women students had diminished noticeably.b
11、. A similar subordination of female to male students has also been observed in lawand medical school classrooms in recent years.B. Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyped gender roles.(para. 3)i) Its consequence: This prevented girls from participating as actively a
12、s boys inclass.ii) An example: A teacher had the little boys perform the scientific experiment while thegirls were given the task of putting the materials away.C. Gender-biased education is also reflected in the typical American teacher assumption.(para 4)i) The assumption: Boys will do better in th
13、e hard, masculine subjects of math andscience while girls are expected to have better verbal and reading skills.ii) Three examples:a. American boys do develop reading problems, while girls, who are superior to boys inmath up to the age of nine, fall behind from then on.b. In Germany, all studies are
14、 considered masculine and it is girls who developreading problems.c. In Japan, where early education appears to be nonsexist, both girls and boys doequally well in reading.(3) The educational bias begins at home. (para 5)A. Supporting evidence:i) Boy preschoolers were permitted to go away from home
15、in a much wider area thangirl preschoolers.ii) Boys were encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical skills, whilegirls are filled with fears of the world outside the home and with the desire to beapproved of for their goodness and obedience to rules.B. The consequence when these lesso
16、ns carry over from the home to the classroom: Girlsare generally observed to be more dependent on the teacher, more concerned with the formand neatness of their work than its content, and more anxious about being right in theiranswers than in being intellectually independent, analytical, or original
17、.C. Conclusion: Through the educational process that occupies most of the childs wakinghours, society reinforces its established values and turns out each sex in its traditionaland expected mold.Vocabulary1. 1) genetic 2) assign3) noticeably 4) approved 5) Bias 6) deprived 7) constituted 8) particip
18、ation 9) unintentional 10) postgraduate2.conscious- unconsciousencourage- discouragedirectly- indirectlysexist nonsexistdependent- independentpositive negativesuperior - inferiorbiased fairlimited unlimitedappropriately- inappropriately3. 1) C 2) D 3) A 4) E 5) B 6) C 7) F 8) B4. 1) turn out2) carry
19、 over3) calling on4) put away5) fallen behind6) take overUnit 4 Word Building (P 141)1. confuseA. I was confused inB. There seems to be some confusion 2. intelligentA. have a low intelligenceB. intelligent3. humorA. A humorous thingB. people lacking in humor4. strategyA. improve his strategyB. is of
20、 great strategic importance5. motivateA. students who are well motivated and happy in their leaningB. His motivation was so strong that6. combineA. a combination of tiredness and boredom caused me to fall asleep in class.B. Sickness, combined with bad weather, made our trip impossible 7. createA. th
21、e creation of a new exam systemB. the most creative writer8. pursueA. In pursuit ofB. She is pursuing her studies9. multiplyA. learning multiplicationB. if you multiple four by tree10. employA. He was healthy but he did not know how to employ (使用; 应用)his energyB. the employment of modern machineryFi
22、lling the blanks (P 142):1) Is just a working model; we havent perfected it yet.2) We need to find the best way of approaching the problem.3) Which do you value more, wealth and health.4) Youll soon learn how the office functions (=work 运作)5) adopt a different approach (采用不同方法)6) The car is in almos
23、t perfect condition.7) Children should honor (尊敬) their father and mother.8) The main function(功能) of the kidneys is to purity the blood.9) Its an honor to be asked to speak at this meeting.10) For them, the main value of the house lay in its quiet location.Filling the blanks (p 143)1) We should not
24、 dismiss these ideas just because they are unfamiliar.2) Pain and illness are thought to be the unavoidable consequences (后果)3) The government is committed to (致力; 投入) promoting the developmentand use of public transportation.4) The restriction no longer applies to him because hes over 18.5) are vit
25、al /very important to6) His ideas were scorned (轻蔑;鄙视) by many American psychologists.7) Internet connections through conventional (平常的; 惯常的) hone lines are fairly slow.8) I have to buy a wedding present and I want to find something really original (新颖的; 独创的)Filling the blanks(p 143)1) consciously2)
26、 innovative solutions3) unconsciously4) consciously5) Imagination6) Are not aware how7) in control of8) Your future is created by your thoughts9) Your present no longer has to be an extension (延伸;延续) of your past.10) A powerful technique11) You are vulnerable(脆弱的;易受伤的) to others.12) so your life is
27、unfolding (展开) that way13) Joyful, creative, exciting experience.14) Youhave everything to gain.15) Apply creative living to every area of your life.Unit5Understanding the organization of the text1) Introduction (para. 1)Athletes are chosen to be role models, and they can choose only to be good orba
28、d ones.2) Athletes should be role models. (para. 2-5)The authors arguments:A. Athletes should not refuse the responsibility of being a role model whileaccepting all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous athlete.(para. 2)B. I try to be a positive role model, but that doesnt mean I am
29、 perfect. (para. 3)C. Qualities of a positive role model: (para. 4)a. He influences peoples lives in a positive way.b. He gives of himself in time or money to help those who look up to him.c. He displays the values like honesty and determination.D. Athletes cannot take the place of parents, but can
30、help reinforce what parentstry to teach their children. (para. 5)3) People sometimes expect so much that some athletes dont want to be rolemodes. (para. 6-7)A. Sometimes people put athletes on a pedestal.Example: I have had parents in Utah put my picture on the wall beside Jesus Christ. (para. 6)B.
31、Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at times.Example: 1: Negative publicity Michael Jordan received about gambling.2. Ever since I played on the Dream Team, I cant go anywhere without being the center of attention and I cant even buy amotorcycle I really want. (para. 7)4)
32、Conclusion (para 8-9)The good things about being a role model outweigh the bad.A. Its a great feeling to think you are part of the reason that a id decided to try to be good.B. But parents should remind their kids that there are no perfect human beings.C. Charles Barkley is a good role model.Vocabul
33、ary2. 1) is bound to 2) follow their lead 3) goes too far/is going too far 4) take the place of 5) dropped out 6) have a fit 7) measure up to 8) look up to 9) Lets face it 10) you name it3. 1) outgrown 2) outdo 3) outwitted 4) outweigh 5) outlivedUnit 6 1. Vocabulary (p 223)a. sensible advice b. rel
34、ative advantages c. the mechanism that worked the alarm d. requires skill e. eliminate all the errors f. a plane crash2. Filling the blanks (p 223)1) The true character of many risks is quite different from what we might have imagined.2) We end up preparing ourselves for the impossible risk3) Rarely
35、 do we learn the risk level4) Such a casual attitude towards the risk level certainly sells newspapers.5) because virtually (几乎) everything is risky (adj.)6) There are all manner of risks (n.) in our daily life.7) People should inform themselves not only about what is risky, but also what the level
36、of the risk is 8) Because ignoring the risk level makes sensible risk management impossible.9) Unless someone can definitely tell you what level of risk is associated with a particular activity, do as you wish.3. Translation (p 223-224)1) On the strength of (基于)those grades, he won the scholarship t
37、o Syracuse University.2) The market has all manner of (各种各样) interesting things for sale.3) /Faith does not feed on (由滋润) then air but on facts.4) The teacher told the girl to reduce an equation to (简化) its simplest form.5) Keep on doing that and youll end up (最后以为结局) in serious trouble6) The enviro
38、nmental problems are often associated with (和有关系) nuclear waste.7) Today we are doing to focus on (把重点放) the question of homeless people8) For assistance, they turned to (向求助) one of the citys most innovative museums.9) Everyone is the class is expected to participate actively in (参加) these discussi
39、ons.10) The Southern Weekend identified at least two village officials said to be involved in (卷入 ).Unit 7 1. opposite meanings (p 266)belief doubt dependent independentdeep shallow mediocre excellentlearn unlearn useless usefulshame pride well-informed - ill-informedpolite impolite smart dullinadeq
40、uate adequate painful painlesssuccess failure imaginative unimaginativeboring interesting2/ Filling the blanks:1) if she is deprived of adequate sleep2) John and Mary stayed together only for the sake of the children3) get away from the taxes4) He dropped out high school5) This is by no means the fi
41、rst time you have been late.6) It is time we got down to business.7) I cannot distinguish one speaker from another.8) I like to look back on my high school days9) We could tell that Robert had gone through a very difficult time.10) She shouldnt be working so hard. She is 70, after all.11) I didnt en
42、joy marking those papers and I was glad to be rid of them.12) Id rather not go to the dance on my own. I do wish youd come with me.3.1）choice 2）secure 3） hear 4） who 5）keep 6）while 7）now 8）This 9）pressure 10）expecting11）tests 12）within 13）had 14）catch 15）marks16）parents 17） obtain/get 18）teachers 19
43、） relax 20） shapeUnit8Word combination p 3091. Spend time doing sth.2. Waste time =lose time3. Take ones time = do sth. at a moderate pace4. kill time5. save time6. pass the time即：C E B D A FWord building P 3092. relearn 再学习 regain 收回 ，重新获得 redo 重做，再做 rewrite 重写， 改写rearrange 重新整理 reclaim 要求归还，收回 rem
44、odel 重新塑造，改变replace 取代rephrase 重新措辞 rejoin 再结合， 在加入 reform 改革 readjust 重新调整reunited（使）再结合 rebroadcast 转播， 重播 reread 再读 review 复习3.words with similar meaning：1） sense his guest were bored = felt2) dismiss the idea = ignore, disregard3） emerge from = appear4） perceive a change = notice5） recall ever m
45、eeting her = remember ever meeting her6） accelerate the growth of crops = speed up7） have the dress altered = have the dress changed8） external pressures = outside pressures9） recognized = realize10） the usual symptoms of flu = sign即： B A D A D C A A A BUNIT 91.COLUMN A COLUMN Binvention inventavail
46、able AvailInnovation InnovateAdaptable AdaptDiscovery DiscoverAcceptance AcceptEvolution EvolveObjectivity ObjectiveObservation ObserveExperimentation ExperimentProsperity Prosperdisastrous disaster1) observation 2) available 3) discoveries 4) acceptance 5) experimentation6) inventions 7) evolution
47、8) adaptable 9) innovative 10) objectivity2.1) out of the ordinary 2) preceded 解释：precede sb. as 在某人之前任职succeed sb. as 继某人之后任职3) To be exact 4) Contradict(ed) (与矛盾)5) Prosperity (繁荣)6) Gave birth to(产生 = result in; give rise to)7) Catch our breath 8) had in mind (what is desirable 理想中的)9) proposed10
48、) converted (= change) 11) disastrous(a.灾害性的) 12) negative解释： 1) the fact 后接 that 构成同位语从句，类似名词从句，通常做主语、宾语、 表语等， 在此翻译为：他呼吸困难这种状况不是好征兆。2) have difficulty doing sth. breathing 呼吸3) negative : 消极的 负面的3. 1) She had hardly sat down2) Especially if/ when you want to reserve a seat3) is not necessarily the
49、most useful4) What sort/kind of person do you have in mind5) Theres a limit on the time6) Spend part of his childhood7) three times as many girls as boys8) as do most of the people who live in this village9) but on the other hand it would be sad to lose the family atmosphere10) Depite/ In spite of international pressureUnit10Voc
