1、 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.1 All23 抹灰 工程 标准做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编制 Establisher 日期 Date 初审 Initial reviewer 日期 Date 审核 Verifier 日期 Date 批准 Approver 日期 Date 修订记录 日 期 Date 修订状态 Revision status 修改内容 Content modific
2、ation 修改人 Modifier 审核人 Verifier 批准人 Approver 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.2 All23 1 目的： 明确 抹灰 施工工艺标准控制流程，提升 抹灰 工程实体及观感质量，进而提升客 户对于工程质量的满意度。 Purpose： To clear the standard control process of plaster construction technology and to improve
3、 plastering engineering entity and the sense of quality, and to enhance customer s satisfaction for engineering quality. 2 适用范围： 适用于 广州 丰树华新 企业咨询有限公司 所有 在建及新建 项目 。 Scope of application: Can be used in all projects under construction and new projects of Mapletree in foshan 3 抹灰 工程 标准做法 ： Plastering e
4、ngineering standard practice: 3.1 原材料 Raw materials A1： 抹灰砂浆采用 预拌水泥砂浆 ， 进场前必须送检合格。 Useing ready-mixed cement mortar plastering mortar, must be inspection qualified before entry. 3.2 图纸深化 Drawings deepen 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.3 Al
5、l23 A2：测量控制线图 。 The control chart of measuring. A3：灰饼布置图。 Mortar cake arrangement A4：门窗洞口收边控制线图 。 Windows and doors hole edge control chart 3.4 工作面要求 Working surface requirements 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.4 All23 A5：将 混凝土墙体表面清除浮浆、脱模剂
6、、油污及模板残留物，并割除外露的钢筋头、剔凿凸出的混凝土块。 Clear out the laitance, release agents, oil and residual template on the concrete wall surface and cut off the exposed steel, chisel the protruding concrete blocks. A6： 砌体墙面清扫灰尘，清除墙面浮浆、凸出的砂浆块； 加气混凝土砌块表面缺棱掉角应分层修补，每遍厚度控制在 7 9mm内。 Clean up the dust, surface laitance and c
7、onvex slurry on the masonry walls; aerated concrete block should be layered by patches if its surface misses edge or angle, and the thickness should be controlled in 7 to 9 meters each time. A7：墙柱梁与抹灰接触面混凝土采用日本高压水喷毛工艺，再采用机械喷浆拉毛处理。 The interface concrete between wall 、 beam 、 column and plaster shoul
8、d be broomed by the Japanese high pressure brooming process, and disposed by hacking machine A8：两种不同材料交接部位须挂加强网，挂网的材料可采用镀锌钢丝网，规格 2020 1、 13 13 0.8、 10 10 0.7，每边宽度不小于 125mm；挂网时砼墙体可用射钉固定，砌块墙体可用钢钉固定，固定钉间距不超过 300mm，固定后应保证钢丝网平整、连续、牢固，不变形起拱 。 Intensive net must be hung in the connexion between two differe
9、nt materials, which can be made by steel 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.5 All23 wire mesh with zinc, specification like 20 20 1.0、 13 13 0.8、 1010 0.7, and its width is not less than 125 mm per side; The net can be fixated on concrete wal
10、l by nail and the net on masonry wall can be fixed by steel nails, the distance between nails must be less than 300 mm, to guarantee the steel mesh is smooth, continuous, strong and indeformable or without bulging. A9：暗埋管线孔槽基体上先用砂浆修平， 找平层应挂钢丝网。 The substrate holecut of pre-buried pipeline should be
11、equated with mortar; steel wire mesh should be hung on the leveling course. A10：外墙加气块墙面满挂钢丝网，砖墙与砼交接处伸入砼面 125mm 宽。 Exterior wall made by aerated block should equiped with steel wire mesh, which should be inserted into the concrete surface 125mm on the connection of brick and concrete. A19：采用激光贴灰饼工艺技术
12、；抹灰层厚度控制在 8 20mm，同一户型抹灰层厚度控制应一致。 Using the technology to stick A20：烟道、水电管井也须采用激光贴饼，保证现场与设计尺寸一致。 The plaster cake of flue and tube of water and electricity should also 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.6 All23 plaster cake with laser; The thi
13、ckness of plaster layer should be controlled in 8 to 20 mm, which in the same housing type should be controlled consistently. be sticked b with laser to ensure the size in site is consistent with the design. A11：灰饼大小 50mm 见方，厚度以垂直为准，墙面上下灰饼表面处在同一平面内；大面灰饼不少于三排，距离墙顶、根、端部的距离不大于 200mm。 Plaster cake size
14、is about 50 millimeter square, the thickness is subject to vertical, the surface of mortar cake should be on the same plane; The plaster cake with large area should not be less than three rows, distance between the wall, the root and the end is not more than 200 millimeters. A12： 灰饼上 须 标注：与抹灰控制线的距离后
15、两位数字。 Plaster cake should be marked with the last two numbers of the distance between the control line and itself. A13：门窗洞口边须设灰饼。 The window and door holes must be equiped with cake. A14：阴阳角须设灰饼。 Inside and external corner must be equiped with plaster cake. 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standar
16、d practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.7 All23 A15：独立梁的侧边须设灰饼。 The sides of the isolated beam must be equipped with plaster cake. A16：梁底、飘板天花 :拉水平线或贴饼进行抹灰；当梁宽度、飘板天花进深尺寸400mm 时，必须通过贴饼控制水平度、平整度。 The bottom of the beam, the floating slab ceiling: Pull a horizontal line or stick ash cake to
17、plaster; when the width of beam, the depth of floating ceiling is equal or greater than 400mm, the plaster cake must be used to control the levelness and flatness. A17：抹灰前一天用喷雾器对墙面分遍进行洒水湿润，以水分渗入蒸压加气混凝土砌块深度 8 10mm 为宜，墙面不显浮水 ； 不得直接用水管淋水。 Sprinkle water to the surface of walls with a sprayer to make it
18、 wet the day before plastering, the depth of moisture of water infiltrated to the aerated block is appropriate to be 8 to A18：户内抹灰前，地面满铺铁皮，有效减少落地灰。 Before indoor plastering, steel sheets should be spread over the ground to effectively reduce the dust falling to the ground. 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering eng
19、ineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.8 All23 10 mm, and water shouldn t appear on the surface of wall; Water sprayed on the wall directly is strictly prohibited. A19： 抹灰前，电箱、电盒须做保护盖或塞泡沫块进行保护，水电管线应包裹防止抹灰过程中被砂浆污染。 Electric boxes must be covered by protective shield or foa
20、m before plastering, water and electricity pipeline should be wrapped to avoid being polluted by slurry during plastering. A20： 抹灰准备工序必须经过验收，并存档验收资料。 Plastering preparation process must go through inspection and acceptance, and material of which must be on file. 3.4 施工工具 Construction tool 抹刀 spatula
21、 卷尺 tape measure 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.9 All23 刮尺 Darby 刮板 Scraper 阴 /阳角抹刀 Inside corner spatula and external corner spatula 阳角条安装工具 external corner bead installation tools 普通斗车 ， 使用范围：不穿行于室内时使用 。 Ordinary trolley， usable range：
22、No indoor scope 户内专用运输车 ， 宽度控制在普通斗车的2/3 左右，底面有坡度，有效减少对户内墙体的碰撞 。 Indoor special trolley， The width is about 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.10 All23 two-thirds of the ordinary trolley， with slope on the bottom， effectively reduce the collis
23、ion with indoor wall 。 灰槽 Mortar pit 标定抹 灰基准尺件 Calibration plaster base feet 将砂浆泵送上楼层的泵机 Pump for pumping mortar to each floor 将砂浆喷上墙面的泵机 Pump for spraying mortar to the wall 3.5 施工过程控制 Construction control 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.
24、11 All23 A21：在墙面标定抹灰基准 ； 内墙阳角护角采用 PVC 成品护角，护角高不小于 2m，护角的固定及覆盖应按相应的产品要求施工。 Calibrate the criterion of plastering on the wall; Interior external corner protector should be used by PVC finished products, the height of the angle bead shouldn t be less than 2 m, the angle bead should be fixed and covered
25、 in accordance with the corresponding requirements. A22： 人工配合上料，将砂浆料泵送上楼层；有条件的项目应考虑采用垂直泵送砂浆设备进行砂浆运输。 With the artificial cooperation, mortar is pumped to each floor; The mortar should be vertically pumped to the construction floor by the special equipment if the project is conditional. A22：在楼层上设置的泵喷
26、设备将砂浆泵送到喷枪。 Set up pumping equipment on the floor to pump the mortar to the spray gun. A24：在墙面上喷射砂浆 ，进行抹灰 打底施工，面层厚度至少预留 5 8mm。 Spray mortar on the wall for base construction before plaster, the thickness of plaster should be reserved 5 to 8 mm at least. A25：底层喷浆完毕，检查是否有超过面层预留厚度部位，如有超过，应及时进行 刮抹 。 A26
27、： 抹灰总厚度 35mm 的 ，中间增加钢丝网 。 If the total thickness of 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.12 All23 After the bottom spray is finished, any mortar over the reserved thickness for surface layer must be checked, if any, wipe them as promptly as pos
28、sible. plastering is more than 35 mm, steel wire mesh should be set in the middle. A27： 人工进行面层灰的施工 ，搓抹密实；底层灰与面层灰施工间隔时间宜控制在4 6 小时范围。 Manual construction for the plaster of surface layer must be rubbed and wiped densely; The interval time between the construction of bottom layer and surface layer shou
29、ld be controlled in the range from 4 to 6 hours. A28：补平取出定位尺件留下的凹槽。 Fill the grooves left by the set rules. A29： 技术 成熟时，内墙抹灰建议采取 直接根据灰饼厚度 将 底层与 面层灰一次性喷射到位 。 When the technology of plaster become mature, plastering of interior wall is advised to be sprayed directly A30： 刮抹与喷浆施工同步进行，将喷上墙面的砂浆刮抹平整， 再进行收
30、面施工 。 Spatulation and shotcrete will be conducted at the same time to wipe the mortar to flat, and then the surface finishing begins. 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.13 All23 according to the thickness of the plaster cake. A31： 外墙抹灰，全部阳角预先
31、设置好 PVC阳角条 。 During the plaster of exterior wall, the external corner must be equipped with PVC external corner bead in advance. A32： 外墙抹灰， 机械化打底后不用进行表面处理；机械化施工面层后采用靠尺板 刮平即可。待面层施工前进行局部凹坑修补。 In the exterior wall plastering mechanized render is without surface treatment; After the mechanized construct
32、ion for the surface layer, the floating can be done by guiding rule. The local potholes should be patched before the construction of surface layer. A33：外墙面抹灰层设置分隔缝，应设置在梁中部位 ； 依次粘分 隔 条，待抹灰表面无明水后可将分 隔 条起出，灰层干后用素水泥膏将缝勾好。 Dividing seam is set on the plastering layer on the exterior wall in the middle of
33、 the beam ;glue the splitter in turn , the splitter should A34： 在檐口、窗台、窗楣、雨篷、阳台、压顶和突出墙面等部位，其上面应作出流水坡度， 流水坡度应保证坡向正确 。 The eaves, lintels of window, awnings, balconies, windowsills, copings, and the wall outstands etc. should be equipped with water slopes, which can guarantee water sloping to 抹灰 工程 标准
34、 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.14 All23 be separated out when the surface of plaster is no water ,and use plain cement to sew the dividing seam after the mortar layer becomes dry. the right direction。 A35： 其下面应作出成品滴水线（槽）；滴水线（槽）距外表面不应小于 20mm，滴水槽的宽
35、度和深度均不应小于 8mm。 Accomplished drip line (groove); Drip line (groove) should be made, which distance away from the exterior surface should not be less than 20 mm , and both the width and depth of the water drip should not be less than 8 mm. A36：装修房的石材踢脚线厚度较大时，应与设计师沟通，在踢脚线范围抹 灰时留出凹位，使踢脚线镶贴后 突出墙面小于 1cm。
36、When the thickness of decorating stone of the base board is larger ,there must be a necessary communication with the designer to set concave on the position of the baseboard on the plaster to make the distance between its surface and the wall less than 1 cm. A37：阳角采用 阳角 抹刀修方正、修直 ， 推荐采用长铝合金尺收阴阳角 。 Ex
37、ternal corner should be trimmed squarely and straightly by the especial spatula; long aluminum alloy is recommended for the trim of external and internal corner. A38：阴角采用 阴角 抹刀修方 正、修直 ， 推荐采用长铝合金尺收阴阳角 。 Internal corner should be trimmed squarely and straightly by the especial spatula; long aluminum a
38、lloy is recommended for the trim of external and interior corner. 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.15 All23 A39：门洞口高、宽、厚度尺寸须与设计寸尺 符合 。 The height, width and thickness of door opening must conform to the size of design. A40： 户内 门洞口收边：门洞口 内侧贴
39、灰饼，与大面 抹灰 一次成活 。 Indoor opening trim: the interior side of the door opening should be equipped with mortar cake, which must be completed with the plaster of wide wall in one-time. A41：外墙门窗洞口收边：大面抹灰、门窗框安装完毕后，利用门窗洞口边控制线抹灰收边 。 Exterior wall door opening trim: Make use of window and door opening edge li
40、ne to trim after the finishing of plaster on large area and the installation of door and window framework. A42： 开关、插座、强弱电箱等底盒 要利用控制线进行精确定位及抹灰收口 ， 抹灰后，要及时清理进入底盒及其它水暖电设备和预留孔洞内的砂浆，并使底盒周边砂浆收口与底盒及预留孔洞口平齐 。 Switch, socket, strong or weak electric box and other bottom box are positioned accurately, plaster
41、ed and trimmed by control line, and after plaster, mortar in the bottom box and other plumbing and electricity equipment and reserved hole should be cleaned up in time, and the mortar edge surrounding the bottom box is need to be trimmed to parallel the bottom box 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering
42、standard practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.16 All23 and reserved hole. A43：底盒用泡沫板塞嵌做成品保护，并做好标识，墙上的各类线管亦做好标识 。 Bottom box and other kinds of line pipe in the wall should be filled with cystosepiment and marked in order to protect them. A44：抹灰收面后， 总包 单位 须 在 水泥终凝之前完成实测 实量 ， 用钉子将测量数据标在墙上。
43、 After plaster and trim, the general contractor shall mark the measured data on the wall by nail before the concrete final setting. A45：做到随抹、随测、随纠偏（超标部位应随即整改）。 Wipe, measurement, correction (parts exceeding the standard should rectified immediately) are done at the same time. A46：抹灰面色泽均匀，无疤痕、砂眼、抹子印
44、、 难以提浆面层 。 抹灰层在凝结前，应防止快干、水冲、撞击和震动。 Plaster surface should be color uniformity, no scar, no sand, no holes, no float and hard to purify. The layer of plaster should prevent from being quick drying, water-washed, impacted and vibrated before its final setting. 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standa
45、rd practice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.17 All23 A47： 墙边 阳角采用 成品橡胶 护角 或 木 夹板 进行保护 ， 防止拆架和交叉施工损坏、污染 墙面抹灰 The external corner of wall side should be protected by the finished rubber or wooden corner protector to prevent damage ,pollution of the wall plaster during the construction。 A48：水泥砂
46、浆抹灰层应在抹灰 24h 后采用喷雾器在湿润条件下进行喷水养护，养护时间不少于 5 天。 After plastered 24 hours later, the cement mortar plaster layer should be maintained under the humid conditions by atomizer, which maintaining time is not less than 5 days. 3.7 事后检查 、修补 Check and repair A49： 抹灰完成后，总包、监理、 第三 方实测结果分别用 白 、蓝、 黄 色粉笔标注在墙面上 。 Wh
47、en plaster is finished, the general contractor, the engineering supervision and the third party should mark their own measured data on the wall with white ,blue ,yellow chalk. A50： 适时进行空鼓开裂的检查 。 Timely to check if there is any empty drum or cracking. 抹灰 工程 标准 做法 Plastering engineering standard pract
48、ice 编号 Number： 版号 Plate number： 页码 Page： No.18 All23 A51：当抹灰层出现空鼓或裂缝需要修补时，应沿超出空鼓、裂缝边缘 50mm左右位置锯开抹灰层，人工凿除空鼓裂缝部位砂浆块，清除残留渣粉并对抹灰层砂浆 的切割面进行毛化处理（凿毛）并清理干净；修补找平用砂浆宜与大面积抹灰所用砂浆配比相当，其强度等级不得比大面积抹灰砂浆过高或过低。抹底灰前，先将墙体基层浇水湿润，然后刷一层掺有环保胶水的素水泥浆再抹底子灰，底子灰以 1:3水泥砂浆为宜，每遍抹灰厚度控制在 7mm左右，不宜过厚，抹完后将表面搓毛；第二天再抹面层，面层配比以 1:2.5 水泥砂浆为
49、宜，表面原浆压实，禁止用洒干水泥收面或涂刷水泥浆。抹完灰后对修补部位应设专人洒水养护，养护时不得污染或损坏四周已刮完腻子的部位 ； 养护一周后再进行复查，确认没有空鼓裂缝才能进行 下道工序施工。刮腻子前在抹灰基层涂刷一遍环保胶水，不得涂刷清漆。修补后的抹灰层与原抹灰层交接部位贴纸带，以防止裂隙发生和扩展，影响到面层。修补后的抹灰层部位粘贴网格布，与原未空裂的部位搭接，搭接宽度不小于 100mm。 When empty drum or cracks appear in the plaster layer and need to be repaired ,the plaster layer along the position 50mm away from the empty drum or cracks is sawed , mortar in empty drum must be chiseled out , the residual should be removed and mortar of the cut surface must be roughened and cleaned up ;The mortar used to repair leveling must match the mortar u
