1、Unit 12,I Have a Dream,Martin Luther King Jr.,Warming up,Dictionary Work,momentous - very important (event, change, decree; official decision, order, etc) dramatize - make something more noticeable; highlight; express oneself in a dramatic or exaggerated way promissory note - official decision, orde
2、r, decree default - fail to pay money at the right time; fail to fulfill or satisfy an engagement, claim, or obligation vault - a room with thick walls and a strong door where money, jewels, etc. are kept hallowed - holy; sacred; important and respected by a lot of people,Dictionary Work,7. graduali
3、sm - the belief that changes take place slowly, without sudden and violent transitions 8. devotee - a very religious person 9. ghetto - slum; a part of a city where people of a particular race or class, especially poor people, live separately from the rest of the people in the city 10. trails and tr
4、ibulations - something difficult to deal with 11. wallow - indulge (oneself) in (possessions, emotion, etc.),Dictionary Work,12. creed - a set of beliefs or principles 13. nullification - official statement that something is made null and void; of no legal force,Background Information,American Dream
5、,- Historian James Truslow Adams coined the phrase “American Dream” in his 1931 book Epic of America: - The American Dream is that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for every man, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. It is a difficult drea
6、m for the European upper class to interpret adequately, also too many of us ourselves have grown weary and distrustful of it. It is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to,American Dream,attain to the fullest stat
7、ure of which they are innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position. - And later he wrote:American Dream hat has lured tens of millions of all nations to our shores in the past century has not been a dream of a materi
8、al plenty, though that has doubtlessly counted heavily. It has been a dream of being able to grow to fullest development as a man and woman, unhampered by the barriers which had slowly been erected in the older civilizations,American Dream,The African-American Civil Rights Movement,- 1955 1968 - Ref
9、ers to the movement in the U.S. aimed at outlawing racial discrimination against African Americans and restoring suffrage（选举权）in Southern states. Many of those who were active in the Civil Rights Movement prefer the term “Southern Freedom Movement” because the struggle was about far more than just c
10、ivil rights under law; it was also about fundamental issues of freedom, respect, and economic and social equality. - During the period 1955 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis,The African-American Civil Rights Movement,Situations between activists and government a
11、uthorities. Federal, state, and local governments, business, and communities often had to respond immediately to crisis situations which highlighted the inequalities faced by African Americans. Forms of protest and/or civil disobedience included boycotts, “sit-ins”, marches and a wide range of other
12、 nonviolent activities.,The March on Washington In the summer of 1963, when thousands of people march on the Washington DC,he made speech -I have a dream,Why did Martin Luther King fight for civil rights for black people?,Reasons,separation of blacks and whites,What civil rights did Martin Luther Ki
13、ng, Jr wanted black people to get?,Voting rights Equal rights Political rights,Who fought for the freedom of blacks?,John Brown,Harriet Tubman,Martin Luther King,Nelson Mandela,Who do you think is more respected?,Racial discrimination,Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865) the 16th president of the United Stat
14、es.,He ended the slavery in the USA in 1865.,Martin Luther king,A freedom fighter,Fast-reading,Organization of the Text,To reveal the fact that the Negroes had been given “a bad check” with a contrast between the past and the present. (Paras. 1-3) King emphasizes the urgency of the tasks of being gr
15、anted with the equal rights confronting the Negroes. (Paras. 4-5) King appeals to the demonstrators to resort to the non-violent means in their struggle and not to take all the white people to be their enemy. (Para. 6),Organization of the Text,4. King calls on his people to persist in their struggle
16、. (paras. 7-8) 5. To describe the dream King cherishes and the beautiful scene that would emerge when his dream is realized. (paras 9-27),Listening,Careful-reading,Para. 2,Cripple - V. damage sb. Or sth. Severely so that he/it cannot move/function properly e.g. His fall from the cliff crippled him f
17、or life.A total cut-off of oil supply crippled the countrys transportation. Languish - (1) be forced to remain in an unpleasant situation. A person may languish in jail, in solitary confinement, etc. (2) lose vitality, grow weak. E.g. Plants languish because of intense heat.,Para. 2,An exile in his
18、own land - An exile is usually a person forced to leave his own country, often for political reasons. The black lives in his own country, but he lives the life of an exile, or an outcast.,Para. 4,America has defaulted on this promissory note - America has failed to fulfill its promise that all men w
19、ould be guaranteed the unalienable rights of - default on - fail to fulfill an obligation e.g. If you default on your monthly mortgage payment, your apartment is likely be repossessed.,Para. 4,The tranquilizing drug of gradualismGradualism is a policy of gradual reform rather than sudden change or r
20、evolution, so it has the tranquilizing effect, i.e. a calming or comforting effect, and is easier for people to accept.Gradualism is compared to a tranquilizing drug, because gradualism dulls ones mind and makes one insensitive to injustice and inequality.,Para. 4,The quicksands of racial injustice
21、- Racial injustice is compared to quicksands because it brings untold sufferings to the blacks just as quicksands suck in any person resting on or falling into them. The solid rock of brotherhood - Brotherhood, a condition or feeling of friendliness and companionship, which is the result of shared i
22、nterests, etc. is compared to a solid rock, because it is indestructible and everlasting.,Para. 5,The sweltering summer of Negros legitimate discontent - Literally, sweltering summer means a season which is unbearably humid and hot, and invigorating autumn a season pleasantly refreshing. Here they a
23、re used by King to contrast two conditions of the blacks: at present they are suffering under unbearable oppression but they anticipate a future when they will enjoy freedom and equality, which will enable them to live a more vigorous life.,Para. 6,Militancy 战斗性 Militarism 军国主义 Militant 富有战斗精神的 Mili
24、tary 军事的Engulf - (of a natural force) sweep over sth. so as to surround or cover it completely吞没；卷入；席卷；吞噬 - The workshop where firecrackers were made was engulfed in flames during the recent explosion.,Para. 6,as evidenced by their presence - as shown by their presence, in other words, their presenc
25、e served as a piece of evidence - Evidence is more often used as a noun than a verb, meaning “the available body of facts that gives proof or reasons to believed or agree with sth.” - There was no evidence of his presence at the meeting. - Evidence used as a verb meaning “be or show evidence of ” is
26、 often used in the passive voice. - The success of the proposal was evidenced by the unanimous approval from the participants.,Para. 9,wallow in the valley of despair - stay relaxed in s state of despair or hopelessness - wallow (chiefly of animals): roll about or lie relaxed in mud or water; a pig,
27、 a buffalo may wallow in the mud - wallow in (of a person): indulge in an unrestrained way in (sth. That creates a pleasurable sensation) - I wanted only to wallow in my own grief. 我只想沉湎于自己的悲伤中。 - wallowing in luxury, he squandered all his savings in no time.,Para. 20,Land of the pilgrims pride - Th
28、e pilgrims refer to the Pilgrim Fathers, or the pioneers of British colonization of North America. They were a group of 102 people led by English Puritans fleeing religious persecution who sailed in the Mayflower (name of a ship) and founded the colony of Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1620.,Post-readi
29、ng,What can we learn from Martin Luther King?,Martin Luther King,brave,freedom,never give up,peaceful,truth,Discussion,Summary,a short biography of Martin Luther King,He was _ in 1929,went to _ at 15,He decided to _ his goal by _ actions,He led the _ of the bus company. , This case gave King nationa
30、l _., He led many _ against racial _ and the _ war.,He gave the _ and received the Nobel _Prize. He was _ in 1968,born,university,achieve,peaceful,boycott,attention,demonstrations,discrimination,Vietnam,speech,Peace,murdered,The MLK Day,Jan. 14,School students joined together Jan. 14 to sing songs . .,Hold hands as the hymn （赞美歌）“We Shall Overcome” is sang during the Martin Luther King Jr. birthday.,1. Read the text again to get a better understanding. 2. Recite part of the speech. 3. Get some information about Martin Luther King on internet if possible.,Homework,GOOD BYE,
