1、 12016 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士联考2016 年管理类专硕联考英语 (二)试题及详解1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则2. 选择题的答案须用 2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。3. 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。4 .交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据） 。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。Section Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choo
2、se the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Happy people work differently. Theyre more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggest that happiness might influence_1_firms work, too.Companies located in pla
3、ces with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper._2_, firms in happy places spend more on R it is that one is actually inclined to interruption.“ Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which cant be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact,
4、 “becoming more efficient“ is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk ine
5、fficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and youll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. “The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,“ writes Gary Eberle in hi
6、s book Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them.“ No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regu
7、lar times for reading. Youd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us “step outside times flow“ into “soul time.“ You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. “Carry a book with you at
8、 all times“ can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you 5temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if youre “making time to read,“ but just reading, and m
9、aking time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques dont work because .A what they can offer does not ease the modern mindB what challenging books demand is repetitive readingC what people often forget is carrying a book with themD what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed3
10、2. The “empty bottles“ metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to .A update their to-do listsB make passing time fulfillingC carry their plans throughD pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps .A encourage the efficiency mind-setB develop
11、 online reading habitsC promote ritualistic readingD achieve immersive reading34. “Carry a book with you at all times“ can work if .A reading becomes your primary business of the dayB all the daily business has been promptly dealt withC you are able to drop back to business after readingD time can b
12、e evenly split for reading and business35. The best title for this text could be .A How to Enjoy Easy ReadingB How to Find Time to ReadC How to Set Reading GoalsD How to Read ExtensivelyText 4Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a n
13、ew 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly a
14、gree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most
15、 by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found
16、.From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to hous
17、ing patterns to politics.Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. Whlie younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the pro
18、spects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those “just getting started in life“ face a tougher a good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.6Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technic
19、ian from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said.“ I cant afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen.“ Looking back, he is struck that his par
20、ents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was young.“I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didnt have college degrees,“Schneider said.“I dont think people are capable of that anymore. “36. One cross-generation
21、mark of a successful life is .A trying out different lifestylesB having a family with childrenC working beyond retirement ageD setting up a profitable business37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to .A favor a slower life paceB hold an occupation longerC attach importance to
22、 pre-marital financeD give priority to childcare outside the home38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will .A become increasingly clearB focus on materialistic issuesC depend largely on political preferencesD reach almost all aspects of American life39. Both young and old agree t
23、hat .A good-paying jobs are less availableB the old made more life achievementsC housing loans today are easy to obtainD getting established is harder for the young40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?A He found a dream job after graduating from collegeB His parents believe working ste
24、adily is a must for successC His parents good life has little to do with a college degreeD He thinks his job as a technician quite challengingPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragra
25、phs (41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.ABe sillyBHave funCExpress your emotionsDDont overthink it7EBe easily pleasedFNotice thingsGAsk for helpAs adults, it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness, often with mixed resu
26、lts. Yet children appear to have it down to an art and for the most part they dont need self-help books or therapy, instead, they look after their wellbeing instinctively, and usually more effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps its time to learn a few lessons from them.41._C_What does a child d
27、o when hes sad? He cries. When hes angry? He shouts. Scared? Probably a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and dont dictate our behaviors, which is in many ways a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,
28、especially negative ones. Thats about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately, and thenagain, like childrenmove.42._E_A couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was n
29、ine years old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldnt stop talking about it. Too often we believe that a new job, bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content, but the reali
30、ty is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43._A_8Have you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduc
31、e the stress hormones in our bodies increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off infections. All of which, of course, have a positive effect on happiness levels.44._B_The problem with being a grown up is that theres an awful
32、lot of serious stuff to deal withwork, mortgage payments, figuring out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and its important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love. Those things might be social, sporting, creative or c
33、ompletely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?) -it doesnt matter, so long as theyre enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if youre on a tight budget.45._D_Having said all of the above, its important to
34、 add that we shouldnt try too hard to be happy. Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said:“Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness.“And in that, once more, we need to look to th
35、e example of our children, to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural by-product of the way they live.Part C Translation46. Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending a
36、s much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff youll see, and the more stuff you see, the more youll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Market Institute, carries some
37、44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of s
38、hopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionallywhich is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.9参考译文超市旨在吸引顾客在店里停留尽可能长的时间。原因非常简单：顾客在店里停留的时间越长，看到的商品越多；看到的商品越多，买的也就越多。超市陈列了大量的商品。根据食品市场科的调
39、查，一般超市里有约 44000种不同的商品，许多超市都有上万种。如此众多的选择足以使顾客陷入信息量超载的状态。根据脑部扫描实验，需要迅速地做出这么多决定就会使我们太累。大约购物 40 分钟以后，大多数人就放弃了去做理性的选择，取而代之的是冲动购物正是此时，我们在购物车里已经装了一半根本没想买的东西。Section WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend, Jack, wrote an email to congratulate you and ask for advice
40、 on translation. Write him a reply to1) thank him, and2) give you adviceYou should write about 100 on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)参考范文Dear Jack,Your letter of congratulations was received. Thank you for
41、 your nice words on my winning the contest. In the letter, you asked me about the skills to do translation, so the following are my advice for you.Firstly, you should analyze the sentence structure, thus catching the meaning of the sentence. Secondly, find the proper words to translate the meaning o
42、f the source language into the target language. Thirdly, revise your translation at least three times to check if there are any mistranslations or missed meanings.I hope my advice helpful. Wish to see you soon.Yours sincerely,Li MingPart B:48. Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In y
43、our writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)10参考范文：Portrayed in the above pie chart is a survey of college students purposes of traveling. The number of students who take traveling as a chance to see beautif
44、ul scenes accounts for 37%, while students who would like to travel to relieve pressure from study take up 35 %.There are several reasons behind the trend revealed in the above chart. To begin with, as the present society is filled with fierce competition, most college students nowadays are under gr
45、eat pressure to stand out among others or to lunch a decent job after graduation. Therefore, they tend to choose traveling as an outlet to relieve their stress. Secondly, with the fast advancement of the living standards of Chinese families, traveling is increasingly affordable to most college stude
46、nts. For this reason, students prefer to travel to see different views to enjoy themselves or to make some friends.From my perspective, no matter what reason it is for, traveling is of great benefit for students to acquire a broader perspective of life. If time permits, we college students should go to see the outside world more often.
