1、自动化专业英语,课后作业答案,1.1 Introduction to Process Control,2. Put the following into chinese performance 性能 process plant 过程系统 process control 过程控制 reference 参考 operating conditions 运行条件 disturbance 扰动，干扰 Automatic control 自动控制 Manual control 手动控制，人工控制 Perfect control 完美控制 Feedback control 反馈控制 Set point 设定
2、值 Controlled variable 被控变量,2,3 Put the following into English 带搅拌加热器 stirred-tank heater 密度 density 比热容 specific heat capacity 热容 heat capacity 热损失 heat loss 负反馈 negative feedback 正反馈 positive feedback 前馈控制策略 feedforward control strategy 控制器 controller,3,1.1 Introduction to Process Control,1.2 What
3、is feedback and what are its effects?,2. Put the following into chinese Stability 稳定性 sensitivity 灵敏度 Actuator 执行器 sensor 传感器 Transducer 传感器 linear quadratic regulator 线性二次调节器 Linear quadratic 线性二次型 controller 控制器 Simulation 仿真 temperature 温度 Flow rate 流速 pressure 压力 Concentration 浓度 level 液位，液面,4,1
4、.2 What is feedback and what are its effects?,3 Put the following into English 幅值 magnitude 相角 phase 闭环 closed-loop 开环 open-loop 可编程逻辑控制器programmable logic controller (PLC) 模型 model 黑箱 black-box 经验模型 empirical model 比例 proportional 比例加微分 proportional plus derivative (PD) 比例加积分 proportional plus inte
5、gral (PI) 比例加积分加微分 proportional plus integral plus derivative (PID),5,1.3 Stability of closed-loop control systems,2. Put the following into chinese Oscillatory 振动的 damp 衰减 Unstable 不稳定地 complex number 复数 Controlled variable 被控变量 Manipulated variable 操纵变量 Load variable 负载变量 error 误差 Process transfer
6、 function 过程传递函数 Pole-zero cancellation 零极相消 Self-regulating 自调节,6,1.3 Stability of closed-loop control systems,3 Put the following into English 判据 criteria 拉氏变换 Laplace transform 零点zero-point 极点 pole-point 特征方程 characteristic equation 系数 parameter/coefficient 偏差变量 deviation variable 比较器 comparator
7、伺服问题 servo problem 给定变化 given changes 负载变化 load fluctuation/variation in load,7,1.4 The design process of control system,2. Put the following into chinese Design 设计 decision 决定，决策 Methodology 方法论 productivity 生产率，生产力 Investment 投资 fundamental 基础的 Evaluating 评价 benifit 利润，益处 Distillation column 分裂蒸馏塔
8、 Overhead 在头上的, 高架的 process dynamic 过程动态 Manipulatable input 可操作输入 observable output 可观测输出 Measurable disturbance 可测量扰动,8,1.4 The design process of control system,3 Put the following into English 控制系统设计 control system design 设计模型 design model 炼油 oil refinery 化工 chemical (engineering) 电力 (electric) p
9、ower 造纸 paper (making) 水泥 cement 纺织 textile 塑料 plastic 钢铁 steel (iron and steel) 航空航天 aerospace (Aeronautics and Astronautics) 再沸器 reboiler,9,1.5Controller tunning,2. Put the following into chinese Setting 设置 tunning 整定，调节 Trial and error 试差法 guideline 方针，指南 Averaging control 平均控制 residence time 滞留时
10、间 Eliminate 消除 ultimate gain 临界增益 Time-consuming 耗时的 continuous cycling method 连续周期法 Decay ratio 衰减比率 Process reaction curve method 过程响应曲线法 Ziegler-Nichols tunning 齐格勒尼柯尔斯整定法,10,1.5Controller tunning,3 Put the following into English 流量控制 flow control 液面控制 level control 压力控制 pressure control 温度控制 tem
11、perature control 成分控制 composition control 临界增益法 ultimate gain method 临界周期 ultimate cycling 超调 overshoot 热交换器 heat exchanger 化学反应器 chemical reactor 汽化器 vaporization (carburettor),11,2.1 Pressure measurements,1. Put the following into chinese Atmospheric pressure 大气压 absolute pressure 绝压 Gauge pressur
12、e 表压 differential pressure 差压 Total vacuum 完全真空 diaphragm 膜片 Capsule 膜盒 bellow 波纹管 Bourdon tube 波登管 silicon diaphragm 硅膜片,12,2.1 Pressure measurements,2. Put the following into English 英制 British system 公制 metric system 扩散硅压力传感器 diffuse silicon pressure sensor 压力传感器 pressure sensor 差压变送器 differentia
13、l pressure transmitter 压力传感器元件 pressure sensor element 波登管压力表 Burdon tube piezometer (Burdon tube pressure gauges),13,2.2 Level measurements,1. Put the following into chinese Level measurement 液位测量 container 容器 Interface 界面 buoyancy 浮力 Immersed 浸没 radium 镭 Capacitive probe 电容电极 nonconductive 不导电的 Di
14、electric constant 介电常数 sight glass 玻璃液面计 Float 浮体，浮球，浮标 level formula 液位公式,14,2.2 Level measurements,2. Put the following into English 密度 density 浮力式液面计 buoyancy level meter 浮球 float 标尺 scale 电位计 potentiometer 导电电极 conductive probe 电容电极 capacitive probe 超声波 ultrasonic wave 张力式仪表 tension gauge 应变仪 st
15、rain gauge 荷重传感器 load sensor,15,2.3 Flow measurements,1. Put the following into chinese Flow rate 流速 accounting 统计，计算 Laminar flow 层流 energy losses 能量损失 Total flow 总体流量 pressure energy 压能 Kinetic energy 动能 potential energy 势能 Restriction 约束，限制 orifice plate 孔板 Venturi tube 文丘里管 flow nozzle 测流嘴 Elbow
16、 肘，弯管接头 rotameter 转子流量计 Mass flow 质量流,16,2.3 Flow measurements,2. Put the following into English 雷诺数 Reynolds number 流型 flow patterns 伯努利方程 Bernoulli equation 流速 flow rate 湍流 turbulent flow 黏度 viscosity 能量守恒 energy conservatism 摩擦力 friction 参考点 refrence point 重力加速度 acc of gravity 连续性方程 continuity eq
17、uation,17,2.4 Temperature measurements,2. Put the following into chinese Sphere 范围 fundamental standard 基本标准 Absolute standard 绝对标准 thermoeletric effect 热电势效应 Resistence change 电阻变化 thermography 热像仪 Thermal expansion 热膨胀 resonant frequency 谐振频率 Fiber optic 光纤 acoustic thermometry 声测温技术 Color change
18、颜色变化 expensive 贵的 Ceramic beaded 陶瓷珠状 junction 连接点,18,2.4 Temperature measurements,3. Put the following into English 热电偶 thermocouple 热电阻 thermal resistance 冰点 freezing point 沸点 boiling point 固态 solid (state) 液态 liquid (state) 气态 gaseous (state) 国际实用温标 International practical temperature scale (IPTS
19、) 物理原理 physical principle 电动势 electromotive force (e.m.f) 不锈钢 stainless steel 接地的 grounded 隔离 isolated,19,2.5 actuators,2. Put the following into chinese Control value 控制阀 value position 阀门定位 Electric motor actuator 电动执行器 damper 阻尼器 Variable speed pump 变速泵 diaphram area 膜片面积 Pneumatic pressure 气压 Fa
20、il-safe action 自动防护动作 air-to-open 气开式 Packing box friction 压缩盒摩擦力 hysteresis 滞后现象 Converters 转换器 gear ratio 齿轮比,20,2.5 actuators,3. Put the following into English 控制性能 control performance 最终控制元件 final control element 控制器输出 controller output 阀驱动器 value actuator 气动 pneumatic 电动 electric 液动 hydraulic 弹簧圈 spring ring 不灵敏区 insensitive area 死区 dead zone 电磁阀 electric solenoid operator/value 阀特性 value characteristic,21,
