1、2018 届江苏省丹阳高级中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题第 I 卷 （三部分，共 85 分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where are the speakers going? A. To New York. B. To Canada. C. To Mexico.2. Why cant Tim take Jennys shift? A. He has a soccer
2、 game.B. He is on vacation.C. He has to go to a funeral.3. What does the woman mean? A. There is a bomb in the refrigerator.B. They will probably run out of food.C. More than enough food has been prepared.4. What subject does the woman think less difficult? A. Literature. B. History. C. Mathematics.
3、 5. What did the woman study in college? A. Business. B. Art. C. Spanish.第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. What happened to Miguel last weekend? A. He lost his textbook.B. He took ca
4、re of his grandma.C. His house burned down.7. Why will Miguel be late to Ms. Perrys office? A. He has to buy his lunch.B. He has to do his homework.C. He has to make food for his grandma.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8. What does the man do for his job? A. He cleans houses.B. He does paperwork.C. He sells h
5、ouses.9. When does the conversation take place? A. On Thursday. B. On the weekend. C. On Friday.10. What will the woman do?A. Sell her house in Springfield.B. Recommend the man to her friend.C. Go to the mans office tomorrow.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11. How old is Sam? A. Hes in college.B. Hes in high
6、 school.C. Hes still a young kid.12. What does Sam plan to do this summer? A. Work at the pool.B. Learn to skateboard.C. Go to the lake with his mother.13. What does Sam need help with? A. Filling out job applications. B. Shopping in a supermarket.C. Paying for summer school.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。1
7、4. Why does the woman always sleep in? A. She doesnt work.B. She sets her own schedule.C. She needs more sleep than most people.15. When does the man get to work? A. Around 7. B. Around 9. C. Around 10.16. What does the man suggest to the woman? A. She should get up earlier.B. They should switch sch
8、edules.C. She should learn to go to bed on time.17. What will the speakers do today? A. Go on a hike. B. Go to the movies. C. Go to work.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。18. How do Uber drivers know where to go? A. They call a phone number.B. They request to know on the app.C. A map shows them where people n
9、eed cars.19. Who mostly drives for Uber? A. Former taxi drivers. B. University students.C. People who have other jobs.20. What does Travis Kalanick predict? A. Uber will totally replace taxis.B. Cars will be able to drive themselves.C. Prices for transportation will go up everywhere.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，
10、满分 35 分）第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21. When he was depressed, he felt thoroughly _ from reality, unwilling to interact with the surrounding world.A. dynamic B. deliberate C. divorced D. delicate22. Oxidation is a process _ a material or substance is changed after be
11、ing exposed to oxygen and water in the air.A. where B. that C. what D. when23. In 1921, Ireland split off from Britain to form an independent country, and the Irish _ a new flag for the old one.A. replaced B. substituted C. resigned D. submitted24. Many students choose to do voluntary work in the ga
12、p year, which not only broadens their views, but also adds a whole new _ to their life.A. inspiration B. reaction C. ambition D. dimension25. _ himself to being hired out to feed pigs, the young man realized that he had been a fool and then went home.A. Having reduced B. Reduced C. Having been reduc
13、ed D. Being reduced26. In South-East Asia, many farmers cannot afford _ farm equipment, such as tractors, so most of the work is done with human labor.A. clumsy B. compulsory C. concrete D. conventional27. We wont continue the project until some thorough research _. A. will have been done B. has bee
14、n done C. will be done D. had been done 28. On account of the high interest rates, the developing country is always struggling to _ its debt repayment, which weakens its development.A. catch on to B. catch on C. catch up on D. catch up29. One of the true tests of leadership is the ability to recogni
15、ze a problem _ it becomes an emergency.A. when B. before C. after D. unless30. The new job is not a promotion _, but it can ensure you a bright future.A. as such B. such as C. as yet D. as well31. _ being asked to pay for their study by their own, students are now having their fees paid by the state
16、 or by companies.A. Other than B. Rather than C. Less than D. More than32. Its worth noting the fact _ American children start saving early is likely more the result of their backgrounds than it is a sign of any special abilities that would lead to wealth.A. where B. whose C. which D. that33. Bolt,
17、31, _ his final race in London on Aug 14, trying to get the gold medal for his country, when he tripped over. A. has run B. ran C. is running D. was running34. Recently, a group of scientists worked together to successfully “edit” a human embryo and remove a genetic mutation (变异变异 ) that _ heart dis
18、ease otherwise. A. had led to B. would lead to C. would have led to D. led to35. _. If you want to produce the best work, you need to take in the best ideas.A. Garbage in, garbage out B. Pride hurts, modesty benefitsC. Well begun is half done D. Behind bad luck comes good luck第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1
19、分，满分 20 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。In late December, I went for a hike with my two daughters. And by hike I 36 we walked, climbed and slid for five hours 37 a thick, wet mountainous patch of Costa Rican jungle to get to what 38 to be a splendid waterfall. My daughters are active and strong
20、. And I thought I was too. But it became pretty 39 as we went on that while we were all falling and 40 with mud, laughing at the absurdity of it all, they got up more quickly and 41 our guide more easily. I was always the slowest and the 42 .Theyd wait for me if I got too far 43 , watching as I pick
21、ed my way toward them. It 44 me of the first glimpses I had of my mom as someone weaker than I, like when she started to get out of breath walking across parking lots. Its a slow 45 that happens gradually over decades, until one day youre your mothers mother making sure she eats dinner.When the girl
22、s and I finally got to that waterfall, it was indeed 46 : a 40-feet wall of water crashing down with such energy that we had to 47 above the noise. We took off a few wet layers of clothing and jumped into the deep pool at the base. It was 48 , not because of coolness of the water, but because of the
23、 force of the 49 . For a while we tried, the three of us kicking 50 , to see who could move a foot closer only to be driven back into the pack again. Then the youngest of us 51 how to navigate the sharp rock walls around the edges where the water was 52 and almost made it to the base of the falls.We
24、 53 up our stuff, arguing over who would return with the heaviest pack. I did not get a pass due to 54 . Hadnt they seen me struggling back there?Of course, thats what every generation hopes for the nextthat theyll be able to take care of each other 55 you, that when you slow down, theyll have each
25、other.36. A. thought B. meant C. believed D. guessed37. A. across B. beneath C. through D. under38. A. tended B. expected C. promised D. intended39. A. controversial B. obvious C. impressive D. understandable40. A. filled B. accompanied C. packed D. covered41. A. kept up with B. put up with C. faced
26、 up with D. stood up with42. A. sweatiest B. coldest C. strongest D. finest43. A. apart B. ahead C. back D. out44. A. informed B. reminded C. suspected D. accused45. A. pace B. progress C. development D. shift46. A. splendid B. disappointing C. peaceful D. fragile47. A. quarrel B. scream C. speak D.
27、 shout48. A. painful B. annoying C. shocking D. artificial49. A. wind B. current C. nature D. river50. A. wildly B. deliberately C. abruptly D. aimlessly51. A. fell out B. turned out C. checked out D. figured out52. A. rougher B. calmer C. tougher D. deeper 53. A. gathered B. put C. lifted D. fixed5
28、4. A. competence B. age C. height D. size55. A. besides B. except C. including D. without第三部分 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A56. According to the passage, we are supposed to _.A. try our best to reply to e-mails as soon as possibleB. avoid some annoying practices while e-mai
29、lingC. delete improper expressions and patterns in e-mailsD. highlight our messages by using the techniques mentioned57. What can we learn from the passage?A. We can fill the subject line with Hey rather than leave it blank.B. Times New Roman is so old-fashioned that we should change it.C. Signing n
30、ames, we can include name, title, social network links, etc.D. When we offer congratulations to others, using caps is acceptable.58. The underlined phrase “cry wolf” means “_”.A. give a false alarm B. mark a wrong punctuationC. have evil intentions D. express your sorrowBWhat do you do when somebody
31、 hurts you? Do you want to hurt that person back, or do you hold it against them for the rest of your life? If you answered “yes” to these questions, know that you are like most people. To forgive is something that most people generally have difficulty with.People dont forgive readily, because it is
32、 easier to hate than to forgive. Some people think to forgive is a sign of weakness, but actually to forgive takes courage and effort.Forgiveness is a gift from a generous heart. It is not a reward for good behavior. It is not based on whether the person deserves it or whether the person has asked f
33、or it.Besides, forgiveness is an act and a process, which often takes time. The deeper your pain, the longer it usually takes to completely forgive. It is an act because it is not just the words you say, but also your actions which show if youve truly forgiven someone.Forgiveness is necessary becaus
34、e it releases you from the burden of bitterness and hate. It takes a lot of energy to hate and to keep that hate in place. Hate puts unnecessary stress on your body. It is a well-known fact, proven by numerous studies, that bitterness and hate can actually make you sick. The moment that affected peo
35、ple forgive and let go of their hate, they will start to get well. Forgiveness brings freedom, whereas revenge (报复) is neither sweet nor satisfying.I have personal experience of this. I used to be very cynical about life and didnt forgive easily. At the time, I also struggled in every area of my lif
36、e. Things just didnt seem to work out for me. It is as if everything that could go wrong, always went wrong. That was until somebody told me to take a look at my attitude. And when I forgave those who wronged me and changed my attitude, everything else changed. It didnt happen overnight. It took a w
37、hile, but I could see and feel the difference.Are things not working out in your life, despite you doing all the “right” things? Is it possible that you are holding “unforgiveness” in your heart? It is worth thinking about. By Leonard J. Roost59. Why is it hard for people to forgive?A. Forgiveness m
38、eans not giving in.B. Forgiveness depends on good behavior.C. Forgiveness needs good will from both sides.D. Forgiveness requires courage and generosity.60. What can we conclude from the text?A. Hate may actually cause illness.B. Revenge helps to reduce the hate in your heart. C. When you feel sick,
39、 it makes it difficult to hate.D. Hate goes away when you say you will forgive.61. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? A. B. C. D. I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: ConclusionCSome mice can easily remember where they hide food, but not those geneticall
40、y engineered to develop Alzheimers disease. Like humans they become forgetful. By the time these mice are seven months old they are unable to remember, for example, which part of a maze they have explored before. Two months later, their brains are filled with protein “plaques” that also characterise
41、 the latter stage of the disease in humans.Now researchers have managed to restore memories to mice with Alzheimers. This helps provide more evidence about how memories are lost during the early stages of the disease and may point to how, some time in the future, those memories might be brought back
42、.Susumu Tonegawa and his colleagues at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology used a technique known as optogenetics, which activates neurons (神经元) by shining light on them. As they report in Nature, the researchers prepared seven-month-old Alzheimers mice by injecting a harmless virus into the r
43、odents dentate gyrus (齿状回区), a part of the hippocampus that helps to store fearful memories. The virus contains a gene for channelrhodopsin-2, a light-sensitive protein which forms pores (毛孔) in the cell membranes of neurons infected with the virus. These pores are closed in the dark, but open in re
44、sponse to blue light, flooding neurons with positively charged ions. The resulting pulse of current makes the neurons fire. Using a standard lab test of memory, a mouse was placed in a box and given a small electrical shock to its feet. Normal mice remember this and freeze in fear if put back in the
45、 box the following day, but mice with Alzheimers jump about as usual. Yet when the researchers stimulated (刺激) the dentate gyrus of these mice with blue light, they also froze, suggesting that they were now able to recall the original shock.Holding on to a fearful memory in the long term, however, r
46、equires the brain to strengthen the nerve connections that link memory of the box to experience of the shock. This long-term strengthening process goes away in the brains of Alzheimers patients. Consistent with this idea, the Alzheimers mice did not freeze when placed in the box but only when their
47、neurons were illuminated (照射).To help the Alzheimers mice keep their memory of the electric shock, the team flashed their dentate gyrus with blue light at 100 hertz, a frequency known to induce long-term strengthening. After this the Alzheimers mice froze in the box for at least six continuous days,
48、 suggesting they were able to remember the shock themselves.Dr Tonegawas team found that stimulating neurons in the dentate gyrus other than those directly involved with holding the fear memory prevented Alzheimers mice from remembering their shocks in the long term. That suggests that unless the technique can be refined, deep-brain stimulation may not be effective.62. Which of the following is the main finding of the research?A. It provides more evidence and possible ways to recover lost memories.B. It tells us the influence of lost memories on
