1、2018 届广东省汕头市金山中学高三上学期开学摸底考试（8 月） 英语2017.8.28 本试卷共三部分，满分 135 分（1201.125 ）。考试时间 120 分钟。注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必分别将答题卷上的姓名、考试号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写，用 2B 铅笔将考试号对应的信息点涂黑。2选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。第一部分: 阅读理解 （共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B、C 和 D）中
2、，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AIf you like tasting food from different countries, here are some events you shouldnt miss in New York City this year.Chinatown Restaurant Week-March 14-30Various meals will be offered for $18.88 per person at participating Chinatown restaurants such as Golden Unicorn, Nom Wah T
3、ea Parlor, HK Wonton Garden, Pho Grand, Red Egg and Shanghai Gourmet. Peking Duck House will offer a special at lunch only.More Info: Martini Week-March 15-30Martini Week is a two-week-long celebration of Americas proudest invention. It will be held at 23 bars and restaurants across the town. Theyll
4、 be offering their own unique specialities at low prices. Choose from places including Ava Lounge, Beaumarchais, Catch, Abe he had found our son.Three months later, Danny appeared in family court to give an account of finding the baby. Suddenly, the judge asked, “Would you be interested in adopting
5、this baby?” The question surprised everyone in the courtroom, except Danny, who answered, simply, “Yes.”“But I know its not that easy,” he said.“Well, it can be,” assured the judge before barking out orders to allow me to be a parent-to-be.My first reaction, when I heard, went something like, “Are y
6、ou crazy? How could you say yes without consulting me?” In three years as a couple, we had never discussed adopting a child. I was an ambitious playwright working as a part-time word processor. Danny was a respected yet wildly underpaid social worker. We had a roommate, who slept in our living room,
7、 to help pay the rent.We knew how many challenges couples usually faced when they wanted to adopt. And while Danny had patience and selflessness, I didnt know how to change a diaper (尿布), let alone nurse a child. I didnt trust the system and was sure there would be obstacles. Also, I couldnt handle
8、parenthood. So I promised myself I wouldnt get attached.The caretaker held him and then placed him in my arms. But when the baby stared up at me, with all the innocence and hope he represented, I, like Danny, was completely hooked. 24. Why did the author rush to the subway station?A. Because Danny f
9、inally found their lost son.B. Because she sensed Danny met something urgent.C. Because Danny had a heart attack.D. Because someone gave birth to a baby there.25. How did the author react on hearing Dannys answer to the judges question?A. Surprised by the question. B. Crazy to be a parent-to-be.C. A
10、nnoyed at Dannys decision. D. Angry at challenging her authority.26. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.A. the author will adopt the baby B. the couple were tempted to take the babyC. the baby will bring hope to the family D. the couple love each other very much27. What is the authors
11、 purpose in writing the passage?A. To introduce a story of a poor family.B. To inform people of the difficulty of adopting a baby.C. To call on people to donate money to them.D. To show humans kindness and love by nature. COne evening in February 2015, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to
12、a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. Thats when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks
13、.Ceelys near miss made the news because she blamed it on the GPS (导航仪). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing. “I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding
14、 train,” she told the BBC.Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceelys story in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with sm
15、all problems. And its not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.The problem with his argument in the book is that its not clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other
16、possible causes. A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something spe
17、cific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevenson doesnt say. Its a problem that runs through the book.The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way
18、 for a wiser use of technology.If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long.28.What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her
19、accident？A. She was not familiar with the road.B. It was dark and raining heavily then.C. The railway workers failed to give the signal.D. Her GPS device didnt tell her about the crossing.29. The phrase “near miss” (Paragraph 2) can best be replaced by_.A. close hit B. heavy loss C. narrow escape D.
20、 big mistake30. Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with?A. Modern technology is what we cant live without.B. Digital technology often falls short of our expectation.C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.D. GPS error is not the only cause for Ceelys ac
21、cident.31. What is the real concern of the writer of this article?A. The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.B. The relationship between human and technology.C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use.D. The human unawareness of technical problems.DCycling or even walking in city are
22、as can be a little dangerous, thanks to the fact that one is sharing the road with vehicles that are increasingly getting larger and heavier. A recent study proves that of the 1.27 million people that die in road traffic crashes every year, about half are walkers, motorcyclists and cyclists. Now the
23、re may be a solution that could provide at least some help to protect this helpless group-an airbag!If you are worried that this safety measure will involve you taking around a heavy package or worse still, wrapping yourself inside an ugly plastic bag, the bag is fitted not on the human, but on the
24、outside of the vehicle. And, while there are several versions of the idea in the works, the one most recently unveiled by Dutch car company TNO, seems to be the most advanced and ready to go into production. In the works since 2011, the airbag covers only the lower part of the windshield. This will
25、provide the much needed buffer between the persons head and the pane of glass he/she would otherwise meet. The chain of events leading to an airbag cause are quite simple-A camera fitted beneath the rear-view mirror monitors the vehicles closeness to a walker or cyclist. Any contact with either one
26、of them sets off the sensors in the cars bumper and quickly blows up the airbag. In addition to that the sensors also set off the cars automatic brake, reducing the chances of an even worse injury. In tests conducted using a model, the success of not getting injured after being hit by a car travelli
27、ng at about 40km/h was about 50-50! While not perfect, it will still result in reducing the number of deaths by a huge amount. With TNO ready to license its technology to car makers and many more companies trying to develop similar concepts. We would not be surprised if outer airbags become a standa
28、rd feature in every car pretty soon! 32. Why does the airbag cover the lower part of the windshield? A. To protect the windshield from being destroyed. B. To make the vehicle look beautiful. C. To reduce the weight of walkers. D. To prevent peoples head crashing on the glass. 33. The fourth paragrap
29、h is mainly about . A. how the airbag works B. where the airbag is fixedC. why the airbag is safe D. what the airbag is made up of34. The writer thinks the airbag of TNO . A. perfect B. practical C. expensive D. useless35. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Airbags are a new standard feature in
30、 cars. B. Airbags are much safer for drivers now. C. Airbags are practical for walkers and cyclists. D. Airbags are a solution to higher car accident rates.第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whether you want to improve your writing skills as a creative writer or simp
31、ly perfect your skills for schoolwork, you can take some steps to learn how to be a better writer.1. Use active instead of passive voice. In English, the most basic sentence structure is S-V-O: Subject-Verb-Object. The passive voice usually requires more words and use of a “to be” verb form, which c
32、an suck the energy out of your writing. Learn to avoid these constructions as much as you can. 36 It conventionally uses the passive voice to put the emphasis on the results, rather than the researchers. 2. 37 Finding the right verb or adjective can turn an uninspired sentence into one people will r
33、emember and quote for years to come. Look for words that are as specific as possible. Strong doesnt mean obscure, or more complicated. Dont say “utilize“ when you could say “use.“ 38 3. Cut the chaff. 39 You dont get points for saying in 50 words what could be said in 20, or for using multi-syllable
34、 words when a short one does just as well. It might feel good at first to pack a lot of ideas and details into a single sentence, but chances are that sentence is just going to be hard to read. If a phrase doesnt add anything valuable, just cut it. 40 If you notice that your writing is filled with “
35、-ly“ words, it might be time to take a deep breath and give your writing more focus.A. Use strong words. B. Show, dont tell. C. Good writing is simple, clear and direct.D. The main exception to this is science writing.E. Cutting the chaff is best done at the editing stage.F. “He sprinted“ is not nec
36、essarily better than “he ran.“G. Dont write “screamed fearfully“ - “scream“ already suggests fear.第二部分: 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A 、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Having relocated often, Ive developed a love of de-cluttering（整理）. Actually, ther
37、e have been times when Ive questioned whether its an/a 41 . But Ive concluded that it isnt. 42 , the habit is just wonderful blessing.Standing 43 my wardrobe (衣橱) at least once every couple of months, I consider what can go. Even doing so 44 , theres always something that I no longer love. Perhaps i
38、ts an article of 45 that doesnt express how I see myself any more or is not the most 46 . Maybe its something that has 47 through the last few selections and has finally lost its fight to 48 in the wardrobe.Either way, some clothes 49 at the charity shop. Occasionally such a 50 may see something new
39、-to-me come home from the store. At least I know, though, that the new item adds a different energy to my wardrobe. So its 51 . If however, I havent worn the new item within a few weeks, then its 52 that I am not as in love with it as I thought. Its then donated back to the 53 on the next trip.De-cl
40、uttering does not belong only to wardrobes, though. I also delete old computer files and emails, 54 the recycle bin on my computer daily. That way, 55 I look at my computer, it is like my wardrobe only that which serves a purpose remains.The best form of de-cluttering we can really do is to rid ours
41、elves of outdated 56 . Like with all forms of de-cluttering, saying 57 to thinking patterns that no longer serve us creates 58 to breathe. It also makes room for new ways of thinking. Yes, de-cluttering can 59 all areas of our lives.I wish you the courage to abandon the parts of your life that no lo
42、nger 60 you and make space for fresh energy to flow.41. A. advantage B. addiction C. excuse D. habit42. A. Instead B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile43. A. near B. in C. behind D. before44. A. eventually B. gradually C. regularly D. willingly45. A. clothing B. furniture C. luggage D. beddings46. A
43、. expensive B. useful C. comfortable D. colorful47. A. passed on B. hung on C. showed off D. turned up48. A. involve B. join C. live D. stay49. A. gave up B. ended up C. went up D. sold out50. A. trip B. change C. choice D. situation51. A. possible B. hopeful C. welcome D. unbelievable52. A. vital B
44、. strange C. necessary D. clear53. A. school B. wardrobe C. store D. church54. A. fill B. empty C. search D. exchange55. A. when B. unless C. though D. until56. A. papers B. thoughts C. clothes D. customs57. A. truth B. yes C. goodbye D. hello58. A. value B. time C. chance D. space59. A. apply to B.
45、 benefit from C. react to D. break down60. A. delight B. include C. love D. serve 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once a group of 50 people was attending a seminar. Halfway 61 his talk, the speaker stopped and decided 62 (create)a group activity. He went around th
46、e hall and gave each person a balloon. Each one was asked to write his or her name on the balloon 63 (use) a marker pen. Then all the balloons 64 (collect) and put in another room.The speaker then led the group to the room full of balloons and asked them to find the balloon that had their name 65 (w
47、rite) on, within five minutes. Everyone was 66 (hurry) searching for their name, bumping into each other, pushing each other around. It was chaos. At the end of the five minutes no one could find their own balloon.Now each person was asked to randomly collect 67 balloon and give it to the person who
48、se name was on it. Within two minutes everyone had their own balloon. When everyone quieted down, the speaker began to talk, saying that this is exactly 68 was happening in our lives. We may like to think of 69 (us) more important than others, but our happiness sometimes lies in the happiness of other people. Give them their happiness 70 you will get your own happiness.第三部分: 写作（共两节；满分 35 分）第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言
