1、山西省怀仁一中 2017-2018 学年第一学期高三年级第二次月考英语试题第卷第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AXXX: The Return of Xander CageRelease date: January 20,2017Starring: Vin Diesel, Ruby Rose, Nina Dobrev, Donnie Yen, Kris WuRating: Plot: Xander Cage (Vi
2、n Diesel)is left for death after an incident, and then he secretly returns to action for a tough assignment designed for him.Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons(妖魔) IIRelease date: January 28,2017Starring: Kris Wu, Kenny Lin, Yao Chen, Jelly LinRating: Plot: The film is a sequel (续集)to the 20
3、13 film, Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons, which was directed by Stephen Chow. Tang Sanzang (Kris Wu), along with his three disciples, sets out on the Journey to the West. Although they appear to be harmonious, in reality, they are plotting against each other. After a series of adventures
4、where they capture demons, they start to understand one anothers pains and heart, and finally solve their internal conflicts, working together to become the most united demon-killing team.Live by NightRelease date: January 13,2017Starring: Ben Affleck, Scott Eastwood, Zoe Saldana, Elle FaningRating:
5、 Plot: In the Prohibition Era, Joe Coughlin, the prodigal son of a Boston police captain, becomes a bootlegger and later, a notorious gangster(恶棍).The Village of No ReturnRelease date: January 28,2017Starring: Hsu chi, Wang Qianyuan, Hsiao-chuan Chang, Eric TsangRating: Plot: In a beautiful and quie
6、t village, an uninvited guest and mysterious treasure appear, making a series of funny stories happen.1. Which film can you see if youre free on Jan. 13,2017?A. Live by Night B. Journey to the WestC. The Return of Xander Cage D. The Village of No Return2. Who stars two films among the four mentioned
7、?A. Scott Eastwood B. Kris WuC. Ruby Rose D. Hsu chi3. Why can the demon-killing group finally become the most harmonious one?A. They are facing risks to explore everythingB. They can avoid their internal argumentsC. They can fully know about each otherD. They are fighting against each other4. How i
8、s The Village of No Return different from the other films?A. It is rated more stars than the other threeB. It is a follow-up film to the 2013 oneC. It is not released in the same monthD. It can make audience laugh a lot【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D【解析】文章主要介绍了四部影片，上映时间以及主要情节。1. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段 Live by Night
9、Release date: January 13,2017，可知 2017年 1 月 13 日可以看的电影为 Live by Night。2. 细节理解题。根据第一段 XXX: The Return of Xander CageStarring: Vin Diesel, Ruby Rose, Nina Dobrev, Donnie Yen, Kris Wu第二段 Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons(妖魔 ) IIStarring: Kris Wu, Kenny Lin, Yao Chen, Jelly Lin 可知，Kris Wu 在这两部电影
10、中出演。故选B。3. 推理判断题。根据第二段，第二部影片 After a series of adventures where they capture demons, they start to understand one anothers pains and heart, and finally solve their internal conflicts, working together to become the most united demon-killing team.可知，经历一系列的冒险之后，他们相互理解了彼此的痛苦与真心。故选 C。4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段 a s
11、eries of funny stories 可知，这是喜剧，所以会使得观众大笑。而其他三部剧 Xander Cage (Vin Diesel) is left for death after an incident, and then he secretly returns to action for a tough assignment designed for him.Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons(妖魔 ) II（working together to become the most united demon-killing tea
12、m.）Live by Night（a bootlegger and later，a notorious gangster(恶棍).）由此可以看出这三部剧不是喜剧。【名师点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。 （2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节
13、题，答案与题目在意义上充分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。 （3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。 （4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正” （三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。 （5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关
14、系，找出时间发生、发展的正确顺序。此题中的第四小题是细节理解题，属于（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正” （三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。对于此类题目，要求读者把选项中的每一句话在原文中找到对应的句子，逐一判断。根据最后一段 a series of funny stories，可知这是喜剧，故会使观众大笑。而其他三部剧：Xander Cage (Vin Diesel) is left for death after an incident, and then he secretly returns to ac
15、tion for a tough assignment designed for him.中提到了 death after an incident 显然不是喜剧。Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons(妖魔) II（working together to become the most united demon-killing team.）中提到了 Demon， killing 也不可能是喜剧 Live by Night（中提到了 a bootlegger and later，a notorious gangster(恶棍). ）由此可以看出这三部
16、剧不是喜剧。而 A 项说参演明星更多，错，因为 XXX: The Return of Xander Cage 的演员阵容有 5 人，而 The Village of No Return 只有 4 人。B 项说是 2013 续集指的是 Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons(妖魔 ) II，C 项说它与其它三部影片不在同一月发行，错误，他们都在一月上映。BAfter four silent years, British singer Adele Adkins finally introduced herself to the world again
17、with Hello, the opening song from her third album 25, which came out on Nov. 20, 2015.Although Adele is a very successful singer now, music wasnt always what she saw herself doing. At age 10, when she saw her grandmothers pain over the death of Adeles grandfather, she pictured herself as a heart sur
18、geon.“I wanted to fix peoples hearts,” she told the UK music website i-D, remembering the childhood interest shed had in biology classes until she found out that her real talent was for singing.“Adele didnt go to medical school, but many would agree that she still has healing (治愈)powers. Her songs f
19、ind the kind of memory every listener holds somewhere in their heart. This kind of feeling is what people have always liked in Adele,” said The Telegraph. “She writes a pop diary, sharing the simple secrets of her heart.”Most successful pop stars make albums at a fast pace, but not Adele. After her
20、second album 21 won the 2012 Grammy Award for Album of the Year, she made it clear with her label that she would spend “four or five years” making her next album. She told magazine. “I wont come out with new music until its better than 21.”Instead of seeking fame, Adele remained silent and moved to
21、the countryside. In her free time, she loved to watch TV series Teen Mom, American Horror Story, and The Walking Dead.Living life as normally as possible is important to the singers art. “Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who s not living in the real world,” Adele told i-D.“So I live a
22、 low-key life for my fans.”5. What does die text mainly tell us?A. The popularity of Adeles album 25B. The healing powers of Adeles musicC. The secrets of Adeles success in musicD. TV reason Adeles becoming a singer6. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Adele wasnt inte
23、rested in musicB. Adele wasnt good at music at firstC. Music wasnt very important in Adeles lifeD. Music wasnt all Adele wanted to be devoted to7. Why doesnt Adele want to make albums at a fast pace?A. To live a low-key lifeB. To win the Grammy AwardC. To guarantee the quality of her musicD. To shar
24、e the secrets of her heart as a musician8. What can we know about Adele?A. Her album Hello will come out on Nov. 20B. She has kept a diary since childhoodC. She moved to the countryside before 2012D. Her works are based on real life【答案】5. C 6. D 7. C 8. D【解析】文章介绍了英国女歌手 Adele 和她最新出的专辑，讲述了她在音乐方面的成功和对音
25、乐的严谨态度。5. C 主旨大意题。文章讲述了 Adele 在音乐方面的成功和对音乐的严谨态度，她从生活中取材追求高质量的音乐。故选 C。6. D 句意猜测题。第二段中 music wasnt always what she saw herself doing 指的是音乐不总是她想致力于做的，与 D 项意思相同，故选 D。7. C 推理判断题。根据第五段 After her second album 21 won the 2012 Grammy Award for Album of the Year, she made it clear with her label that she woul
26、d spend “four or five years” making her next album.可知，Adele 不想快节奏出专辑是因为对自己的音乐要求高，要保证质量。故选 C。8. D 推理判断题。根据 In her free time, she loved to watch TV series Teen Mom, American Horror Story, and The Walking Dead.和 Living life as normally as possible is important to the singers art. Nobody wants to listen
27、 to a record from someone whos not living in the real world 可知，她的作品来源于生活，故选 D。CBack in the 1860s, a British scientist named Henry Walter Bates noticed something interesting in the animal world: a kind of butterfly, Common Mormon, can change the pattern on its wings so that it looks like another butt
28、erfly species, the Common Rose, which is poisonous for birds to eat.Bates argued that animals develop this ability to protect themselves from being eaten. This theory had been widely accepted by scientists. But one question remains: how do these animals manage to do that?After more than 150 years, s
29、cientists are finally able to answer that question-it is all down to a gene(基因) called “doublesex“, according to a study published on March 6 in the journal Nature.In fact, scientists have long known that genes are responsible for this useful ability. But until the new study, scientists hadnt been a
30、ble to find out which genes in particular were responsible.Scientists at the University of Chicago compared the genetic structures of the Common Mormons that changed their wing patterns with those of ones that did not. And all the results pointed to a single gene, “doublesex”.This was much to the sc
31、ientists surprise. They used to expect that something as complex as this would be controlled by many different genes. For example, one gene would control the color of the upper part of the wing, one would do so for the lower part.However, the “doublesex” gene doesnt quite do everything by itself. In
32、stead, it acts like a switch-it “tells” other genes to change the wing patterns. Isnt that clever?Scientists believe that this special ability of the “doublesex” gene on Common Mormon was developed throughout the long history of evolution. “The harmless species gains an advantage by resembling somet
33、hing predators(捕食者 ) avoid,” Sean Carroll, a scientist told Nature. “it was obvious evidence for natural selection.”9. How do scientists find the truth of butterfly changing wing patterns?A. By doing experiment on butterfliesB. By comparing genetic structuresC. By observing the butterfliesD. By anal
34、yzing the result10. Which of the following ideas is accepted by scientists?A. The ”doublesex” gene does do everything by itselfB. The “doublesex” gene is poisonousC. The “doublesex” gene “tells” other genes to change the wing patternsD. The “doublesex” gene could only control the color of the upper
35、part of the wing11. What is the best title of this passage?A. How Common Mormons stay safeB. How Butterflies Changed Wings PatternC. What American Scientists DiscoveredD. What Genetic Structures of Butterflies Have【答案】9. B 10. C 11. A【解析】试题分析：本文讲述了一项新的科学发现：科学家发现一些动物比如一种叫 Common Mormon 的蝴蝶可以通过体内的基因使外
36、形发生改变，从来保护它们自己。9. B 细节理解题。根据第五段 Scientists at the University of Chicago compared the genetic structures of the Common Mormons that changed their wing patterns with those of ones that did not.可知，科学家是通过对比能改变翅膀形状的蝴蝶和不能改变翅膀形状的蝴蝶的基因发现秘密的，故答案为 B。10. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 it acts like a switchit “tells” other ge
37、nes to change the wing patterns.可知，C 项正确。11. A 主旨大意题。本文主要是通过 Common Mormons 这种蝴蝶展开讨论，研究这种蝴蝶是如何来保护自己的。故选 A。【名师点睛】选择标题在英语阅读理解题中属主旨大意题，是深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题具有概括性、针对性、醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅
38、读的兴趣。常见的命题形式有：The best title for the text would be. / What can be the best title for this text? / Which of the following can be the best title for the text? 等。以下是此类题目的基本解题思路。1、确定最佳标题的方法在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息，找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题，也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。2、寻找文章的主题句了解文章主要论题的关键是找到
39、全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来，即为全文的主题句3、概括文章的主题要把握文章主旨，就必须根据具体的语言环境、陈述内容的逻辑关系（文章的结构） 、上下文的连贯意思及文中有关暗示来理解文章的深层含义。4、逆向思维法针对这类题型，考生不妨思考一下， “如果我是作者，遇到这样的标题，文章应该怎样写？”5、整体把握文章，不被细节迷惑标题实际上是文章主题的一种确认方式。要准确地把握文章的主题思想，就要十分留意文章的开头和结尾，要抓住文中具有概括性的信息，从上下文连贯的意
40、思来理解全文。好些文章的主题句并不明显，需要我们仔细体会字里行间的意思，了解文章的背景知识、文章结构，推断作者意图或态度，从整体上把握文章的主旨。从全局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，要排除干扰项的干扰，选出正确的答案。有些干扰项，从局部看也许不算错，但从全局看却又片面。这类干扰项与正确答案之差，其实是局部与全局之差。考生在做题时不要为局部现象（即细节）迷惑，而忽略了文章的整体思想。有的文章一开始就亮出主题，全文随着主题而展开。考点：考查议论文阅读DBill Gates recently has predicted that online learning will ma
41、ke place-based colleges less significant, and five years from now, students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online. I applaud Mr. Gates. But whats taking us so long?As early as 1997, MIT(麻省理工) decided to post videos of all university lectures online, for free, for all people. But
42、 today, how many students have you met who mastered advanced mathematics or nuclear physics from an MIT online video? Unfortunately, the answer is not many. The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students. Those who go to the MIT website and w
43、atch courses online are surely very smart people, but its not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft. Only the most ardent students, those who are highly motivated, will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos.The real question is why we arent spending more to develop b
44、etter online education platforms. Where is the Avatar of education? Think about this. The market for Hollywood films per year is worth around 30 billion USD. Education in the world is a trillion-dollar-a-year market, hundreds of times bigger than Hollywood movies. Yet the most expensive digital lear
45、ning system ever built cost well under 100 million dollars.Bill Gates prediction is going to happen. There is no doubt about it. But it will only happen when we create high level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more than has ever been possible in the real world.12. What ha
46、s Bill Gates forecast about online learning?A. It will concentrate on physics lecturesB. It will completely replace real universitiesC. It will help to make universities more successfulD. It will play an increasingly important role in education13. What does the underlined word “ardent” in Paragraph
47、3 mean?A. Creative B. EnthusiasticC. Well-behaved D. Experienced14. According to the author, what is holding back the popularity of online learning?A. The lack of lectures available onlineB. The high cost of access to the websitesC. The low standard of educational websitesD. The competition with onl
48、ine computer games15. Why does the author mention Hollywood?A. To show that Hollywood produces many successful moviesB. To prove that education is more profitable than entertainmentC. To argue that movie directors should produce educational contentD. To urge that more money be spent developing educa
49、tional websites【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D【解析】本文讲述比尔盖茨预测网络课程在今后五年会逐步发挥重要作用，可实际问题是网络课程的质量问题，我们应该花更多的精力和钱去提高网络课程的质量。12. D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Bill Gates 最近预测网络课程将会使 place-based colleges 没那么重要，学生会在网络上能够学到世界上最好的 课程。 故选 D。13. B 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中 those who are highly motivated .这是 ardent students 的同位语， 对ardent 进行了进一步的解释，因此可以推断出 是有强烈动机的孩子们会花时间去学习这些无聊的网络课程，故 ardent 的意思应为 Enthusiastic（热衷的） 。14. C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句 The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they
