1、FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY,Section A,3,Never, ever give up!,Objectives,Never, ever give up!,Section A,Winston Churchill,(30 November 1874 24 January 1965),“Never, never, never, never give up.“永远，永远，永远， 永远都不要放弃。,Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill
2、温斯顿伦纳德斯宾塞丘吉尔爵士,Sir Winston Churchill was a British prime minister and statesman who led the country to victory against Nazi Germany and the Axis powers in World War Two.,Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, a writer, and an artist. He is the only British prime minister to
3、have received the Nobel Prize in Literature, and was the first person to be made an Honorary Citizen of the United States.,Churchill at the war,His steadfast refusal to consider defeat, surrender, or a compromise peace helped inspire British resistance, especially during the difficult early days of
4、the War when Britain stood alone in its active opposition to Adolf Hitler. Churchill was particularly noted for his speeches and radio broadcasts, which helped inspire the British people. He led Britain as Prime Minister until victory over Nazi Germany had been secured.,famous quotes,我没有别的，只有热血、辛劳、眼
5、泪和汗水献给大家你们问：我们的目的是什么？我可以用一个词来答复：胜利，不惜一切代价去争取胜利，无论多么恐怖也要争取胜利，无论道路多么遥远艰难，也要争取胜利，因为没有胜利就无法生存。,“I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat“. You ask, what is our aim I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and har
6、d the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.,. we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight
7、on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender. 我们将战斗到底。我们将在法国作战，我们将在海洋中作战，我们将以越来越大的信心和越来越强的力量在空中作战，我们将不惜一切代价保卫本土；我们将在海滩作战，我们将在敌人的登陆点作战，我们将在田野和街头作战，我们将在山区作战，我们绝不投降.,Abraham Lincoln served as the 16th President of the Uni
8、ted States from March 1861 until his death in April 1865.,He successfully led his country through its greatest internal crisis, the American Civil War, preserving the Union and ending slavery.,the American Civil War,On April 14th,1865 at Fords Theatre in Washington,DC., Abraham Lincoln was shot by J
9、ohn Wilkes-Booth.He died on April 15th from the wound.,Contribution,As President,he made the Republican into a strong national organization.He united a lot of the northern Democrats.On January 1st,1863,he issued the Emancipation Proclamation that declared forever freedom for those slaves within the
10、Confederacy. He reminded us that all men are created eque and prevented the united states from being separated. He held the opinion that all men should enjoy the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.,Edison,Edison (1847 1931) is world-famous American electric experts, scientists and i
11、nventors, known as the “king of the world invention“.,step by step to success,1876 build his first industrial research lab 1877 invent the recorder 1878 Invention of the electric light began 1880 New York Edison electric lighting company was established 1889 motion-picture machine came to the world
12、.,Besides in the phonograph, the electric lamp, the telegraph, movies, and other aspects of the invention and contributions .in mining, construction, chemical industry, there are many famous creation and insight. Edison and company employees had about two thousand of invention,and they made great co
13、ntributions for human civilization .,recorder,telegraph,kinetoscope,Standing in the peak of life,The key to success:,Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine per cent perspiration.Accordingly, a genius is often merely a talented person who has done all of his or her homework,天才就是1%的灵感加上99%的
14、汗水， 相应地天才常常是那些做好了所有功 课的人。,Achievements,General Relativity Special relativity Brownian motion Photoelectric effect E=mc Einstein field equation Bose - Einstein statistics,广义相对论狭义相对论布朗运动光电效应质能等价理论爱因斯坦场方程玻色-爱因斯坦统计,In 1905, Einstein began to publish a series of papers which shook the whole scientific an
15、d intellectual world, and for the theories he established in the papers he won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921.,1905，爱因斯坦开始发表一系列论文，震动了整个科学和知识领域，理论建立他的论文，1921年获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。,因为爱因斯坦是犹太人的，当希特勒1933接管德国，他必须离开国家，最后定居在美国，在此继续宇宙结构的研究，直到1955去世。,Because Einstein was Jewish, when Hitler took over Germany in 1
16、933, he had to leave the country and finally settled in the United States. There he continued his study on the structure of the universe until his death in 1955.,Achievement Of Albert Einstein,Thanks to his theory of relativity, Albert Einstein became the most famous scientist of the 20th century. I
17、n 1905, while working in a Swiss patent office, Einstein published a paper proposing a “special theory of relativity,“ a groundbreaking notion which laid the foundation for much of modern physics theory. (The theory included his famous equation e=mc.),由于他的相对论，爱因斯坦成为20世纪最有名的科学家。 1905年，在瑞士专利局工作时，爱因斯坦发
18、表了一份文件，提出了“狭义相对论” ，这是一个突破性的概念，奠定了许多现代物理学理论。 （该理论包括他著名的方程 =mc ）。,Gossip,He Did Not Actually Do Poorly in School,He Took Up Speaking Late as a Child,Einsteins English is not good at all,Never, ever give up!,Section A,By using Winston Churchills story and his speech at Harrow as an introduction to the
19、topic, the text makes clear its statement: the secret of success is “_”.,Part I Paras. 1 _,2,Never give up,Part II Paras. 3 7,Through the examples of world famous scientists, statesman, and jurist, the text brings forward the statement that only those with a _, those who “keep their eyes on the priz
20、e”, and those who _ _ to keep going, will finally succeed.,strong will,expend the substantial effort,Part III Para. 8,By reinforcing the statement given in part II, the text draws the conclusion that with hard work, _, dedication and preparation, you can _ any handicap, accomplish any feat, and _.,d
21、etermination,transcend,achieve success,Churchill managed to be a successful man although he was not a good student when he was young. (Para. 1),“Never give up” is the speech given by Churchill to young boys in his old school. (Para. 2),Introduction,The examples of Einstein, Edison, and Lincoln can w
22、ell illustrate that nothing can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. (Paras. 3-4),The example of Sandra Day OConnor shows that only those who “keep their eyes on the prize” will find their endeavors successful. (Paras. 5-6),Without substantial effort, only saying that they want something wi
23、ll not bring success to people. (Para. 7),With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success. (Para. 8),Conclusion,1. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been remo
24、ved from the school for deviating from the rules. (Para. 1),“Had he not been ” 为倒装的虚拟条件句，相当于 “If he had not been ” 在书面语中，条件从句可以不用连 词 if, 而将谓语中的 had, were 或 should 等移至主语之前，构成倒装。,Had it not been for his help, I would never have completed the project.,要不是他帮忙，我永远也不会完成这个项目。,偏离，背离,(life compass/correct co
25、urse),Those who have a life compass in their mind will never deviate from the correct course.,deviate from ,短语逆译,短语应用,有人生目标的人是永远不会偏离正确航向的。,意群提示,阻止某人做,(willing heart / to achieve success),Nothing can preclude a willing heart from achieving success.,preclude sb. from doing ,短语逆译,短语应用,有志者事竟成。,意群提示,战胜,(
26、to work with one heart and one mind/to stand on top of the world),As long as the Chinese people work with one heart and one mind, they will triumph over any difficulties and stand on top of the world.,triumph over ,短语逆译,短语应用,中国人民只要万众一心，必将战胜任何困难，从而立足于世界之巅。,意群提示,追求,(to give due emphasis to),While in p
27、ursuit of economic growth, a nation should give due emphasis to the protection of the environment.,in (the) pursuit of ,短语逆译,短语应用,一个国家在追求经济发展的同时，应当对环境保护给予足够重视。,意群提示,通过奋斗逐步达到,( to take as / life endeavor ),Students who have fiercely worked their way into universities should take college education as
28、a new starting point rather than the finishing line of their life endeavor.,work ones way to/through/into ,短语逆译,短语应用,通过激烈的竞争进入大学的同学们应当将大学教育作为人生奋斗的新起点而非终点。,意群提示,放弃,(search and rescue work/life signs),In the search and rescue work after the earthquake, the PLA soldiers didnt give up on any life signs.
29、,give up on ,短语逆译,短语应用,在地震过后的搜救工作中，解放军战士不放弃任何生命迹象。,意群提示,专注于,(various distractions),College students should focus most of their energy on studies rather than on various distractions.,短语逆译,短语应用,大学生应将主要精力专注于学习而不是各种令其分心的事物。,意群提示,focus on ,个人经历、教育机会、个人困境，这些都不能阻挡一个全力以赴追求成功的、有着坚强意志的人。,原句译文,逆译练习,Personal hi
30、story, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success.,句型提炼,A, B, C none of these be/do,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“对已知条件的否定”。,句型应用,( to be regarded as/standard for ),典型例句,金钱、名誉、社会地位，这些都不应作为判断一个人是否成功的唯一标准。,意群提示,Money, fame, social status none of these
31、should be regarded as the only standard for the judgment of ones success.,他们取得了成功，并不是因为成功很容易，而是因为他们拥有克服重重障碍的 意志，为了追求目标而勤奋努力。,原句译文,逆译练习,They attained success, not because it was easy, but because they had the will to overcome profound obstacles and to work diligently in the pursuit of their goals.,句型
32、提炼,Sb. do sth., not because , but because ,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“某人做某事的原因”。是比较重要的平行结构句型，表示“不是因为，而是因为。”这种句型一般否定前半部分，肯定后半部分，从而形成对比。,句型应用,(honest and kind/ great virtue/hold the world),典型例句,我选择厚道，不是因为我笨拙，而是因为我深信，厚德能载物。,意群提示,I choose to be honest and kind, not because I am stupid, but because I firmly believe
33、that great virtue holds the world.,你摔倒了多少次并不要紧；你能多少次重新站起来对成功才至关重要！,原句译文,逆译练习,Its not how many times you fall down that matters. Its how many times you get back up that makes success!”,句型提炼,Its not that matters. Its that be/do,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“对某事物最为重要的因素”。,句型应用,(current position/to head for),典型例句,要获得成
34、功，你现在的位置不重要，重要的是你前进的方向。,意群提示,Its not where your current position is that matters. Its where you are heading for that leads you to success.,You may have tried and failed many times before you finally get success. But it does not matter. What matters is whether you can summon up (鼓起) all your courage
35、again and again to face the hardships standing in the way of success.,How do you understand the remark “Its not how many times you fall down that matters. Its how many times you get back up that makes success!”?,2. Do you agree that there are times when its simply better to give up?,When I have real
36、ized that I am pursuing something that is hard to achieve, I would try to stick to the goal. But I will begin to think of what I can do to improve the situation. When it still doesnt work, I would try to analyze what the problem is and then make some changes and probably reset my goal.,To be continu
37、ed,2. Do you agree that there are times when its simply better to give up?,Yes, sometimes we are pursuing the wrong goal which can never be achieved, only to find ourselves in deep frustration and profound fatigue. In this situation, I may give up the wrong goal and set up another goal that is achie
38、vable., Following the guidance of senior people. Getting sound advice from our parents. Setting a correct goal. Achieving success step by step. Developing good interpersonal relationships.,3. How can we avoid wasting time and energy in achieving success?,When talking about success, do you think ther
39、e are any differences between the Chinese and the westerners?,Chinese believe that personal relationship is the most important factor to ones success. Chinese tend to equate power, fame and money to success.,Westerners believe that self-independence is a key to success. Westerners tend to regard suc
40、cess as the realization of ones self-value.,Video Watching,Tips,Critical thinking,Critical thinking,Back,What do you think is the key to success?,I agree with what the speaker holds in the video clip, it is grit (坚韧不拔的意志). Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. It is a significan
41、t predictor of success. we need to possess a committed and focused will as well as grit to keep preparing and working towards the goal. With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, we can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success!,Critical thinking,Never, ever gi
42、ve up!,Section A,Develop an example essayIn an example essay, you support your point by illustrating it with examples. If, for instance, you make a statement and someone says to you, “Prove it”, what do you do? Most likely, you will provide an example or two to support your claim. Indeed, it is hard
43、 to write a good essay of any kind without using at least some examples. Good examples help to clarify your thought by making the general specific, and the abstract concrete. They also add interest and help to persuade or convince your readers.,to be continued,Take a look at Paragraphs 3 & 4 of Text
44、 A to see how examples are used to support the point:,Topic sentence: Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. (Para. 3),Further illustration: No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too diffic
45、ult. (Para. 3),Examples: Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. (Para. 3),Another more detailed example: Consider also the heroic example of Abraham Lincoln, who faced substantial hardships, failures and repeated misfortunes in his lif
46、etime. (Para. 4),Read the sample essay and see how the examples are developed and organized.,Topic: Biological clocks Introduction: Thesis statement: Even though it is not easy to explain why, scientists believe living things must have built-in biological clocks that can be reset.,to be continued,Bo
47、dy: 1 Topic sentence: To start with, various 24-hour rhythms observed in peoples biological clocks can be adjusted. Example: A traveler flying from New York to London can adjust his normal rhythms to London time.,to be continued,Body: 2 Topic sentence: The same kind of resetting also takes place in
48、the biological clocks of animals and plants. Example 1: The clock of an animal or plant can be set to the laboratory-produced hours of light and dark. Example 2: Mussels can adjust to the tides of the new beach after being moved from the old one.,to be continued,Conclusion: Biological clocks, in a w
49、ay, serve as automatic internal “watches” for all living things.,to be continued,Sample: Have you ever heard about “biological clock”, a popular term for an internal regulator responsible for various time-based responses in living things? Many scientists think all living things are able to act on a regular timetable. Even though it is not easy to explain why, scientists believe living things must have built-in biological clocks that can be reset.,
