1、FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY,Section A,3,Swimming through fear,Objectives,1. Look at the following pictures, what are these people afraid of?,height,elevator,public speaking,water,2. Did you have a fear of something before? If so, how did you overcome
2、 it?,Things that you might fear: Darkness, loneliness, flying, snakes or spider, etc. Suggestions on how to overcome fears: 1. Analyze your fear and have a clear picture of what your fear is. 2. Take control of your fear. Try to expose yourself to your fear and face it, then control it.,T,F,T,F,F,2.
3、 Listen to the story again and answer the following questions.,Jacks problem is solved by a carpenter. He told Jack to cut the legs off the bed. And then Jack was certain that nobody was sleeping under it when he got into bed.,By whom is Jacks problem solved? How?,Listen and talk,Pre-reading activit
4、ies,Have you ever heard about Mediterranean Sea? What do you know about it?, an intercontinental sea; stretches from the Atlantic Ocean; surrounded by the Mediterranean region; enclosed by land: on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia; pleasant climate, beautiful coas
5、tline, rich history and diverse culture.,Cultural background,The Mediterranean Sea,2. Do you know what is “rip current”? How to escape from it?,Rip Current: a narrow, powerful current of water running perpendicular to the beach, out into the ocean How to escape from rip current: swim sideways, paral
6、lel to the beach; get you out of the narrow outward current; wait until the current carries you past the sandbar.,Cultural background,The Mediterranean Sea,海滨杀手”很多人也许没听说过，叫裂流。据统计，有80%90%的海滩溺水都是由裂流造成的。在美国，每年有150起死亡事件由裂流引起，其中佛罗里达州每年死于裂流的人数超过了因雷暴、飓风和龙卷风而死亡的人数总和。“海滨杀手”的名号，裂流当之无愧。裂流到底是什么，为什么能置人于死地，应如何防范呢
7、？据国家海洋局海洋减灾中心的专家介绍，裂流是一种危险的海流，由于它几乎是与海岸垂直地向大海方向流动，所以又叫离岸流。裂流最常见的成因是水流冲破沙丘的阻挡后，快速流向大海。 有时候，流向大海的水流会产生强大的冲击力，冲破水池边缘某个比较薄弱的地方。水池中的水一旦找到突破口，就会急速冲回大海。裂流一般发生在水面之下，人的肉眼也能看到。当倾泻而出的水流沿着出口的方向流动时，海面上就会出现断层状的海浪。这时，表面上看平静无波，实际上海水在水面下的的流速非常快，能够轻而易举地把人卷走。 下水前，要仔细观察海滨浴场的地形地貌，查看沙丘有没有缺口，因为沙丘缺口是裂流多发的区域。还要观察海里有没有狭窄、浑浊的
8、条状水流，如果有，要赶快避开。 倘若不小心被裂流卷走，一定要保持冷静、节省体力，努力沿着平行于海岸线的方向游。如果暂时无法游出裂流，千万不要逆着水流的方向强行靠岸，否则很可能会被急速的水流冲进离岸更远的海中。这时，可以暂时先随着水流漂荡，等到流势明显减缓，再努力游出水流。,On a tour of France, I saw the Mediterranean Sea, but the rip currents _ me. And it reminded me that I developed _ due to the experience of last summer and since t
9、hen, the fear wouldnt _.,Part I (Paras. 1- _),3,scared,a fear of water,recede,Part II Paras. 4-17,When I saw a boy drowning amid the waves, I was in a _ and _ struggle whether I should save him because I was extremely _ water. After my fierce struggle, I made the single big decision: to _ the water.
10、 I finally reached the boy and had him under control; but when I swam back toward shore, the rip current was _ us out to sea. I tried to remember how to escape from a rip current, and with that, I slowly _ to safety, thus _ my inner fear of water as well.,mental,emotional,threw myself into,forcibly
11、dragging,made my way,conquering,terrified of,Part III (Paras. 18-19),I was _ and _ in a moment of _ and _.,relaxed,happy,triumph,salvation,原句：Nothing scared me as much as water. “nothingas much as”的意思是“.(the)most”,例如： Nothing in the world can bother you as much as your own mind. 世界上最让人困扰的就是自己的心境。,认为
12、重要,(set your goals/ deem),Dont set your goals by what other people deem important. Only you know what is important to you.,deem sth.important,短语逆译,短语应用,别人认为重要的，并不能作为你确定目标的根据。只有你自己才知道，什么东西对你最重要。,意群提示,突然出现；冒出来,(billionaires / pop up/ Forbes magazine),For years, Chinese billionaires began to pop up mos
13、t frequently in Forbes magazine.,pop up,短语逆译,短语应用,这几年中国的亿万富豪频繁出现在福布斯杂志排行榜上。,意群提示,使丧失思考能力；使呆若木鸡,(public speaking/ be paralyzed with),Most people fear public speaking. They are always paralyzed with the thought of standing alone in front of and speaking to a large audience.,be paralyzed with,短语逆译,短语应用
14、,大多数人都害怕公共演说。一想到要独自站在一大群听众面前讲话就会吓得不知所措。,意群提示,艰难费力的通过,(gather material /plow through),In order to gather material for my thesis, I had to plow through dozens of old books on economics.,plow through sth.,短语逆译,短语应用,为了收集论文资料，我只好啃了几十本经济学的旧书。,意群提示,突然猛力地冲进/ 扑向/跳到/扑倒等,(threw oneself into sbs arms),Seeing hi
15、s mother, the boy threw himself into her arms.,throw oneself into / at / on / down,短语逆译,短语应用,小男孩一见到自己的母亲，马上扑进了她的怀抱。,意群提示,行进（尤指艰难地，或需要很长时间时）,(determination/ make ones way),He doesnt have the determination to make his way in the world.,make ones way,短语逆译,短语应用,他没有努力上进的决心。,意群提示,没有什么比水让我更害怕了。,原句译文,逆译练习,N
16、othing scared me as much as water. (Para. 1, L1),句型提炼,Nothing as much as ,句型提炼,应用提示,否定比较级，用于表达“最”。,句型应用,( bother /mind),典型例句,世界上最让人困扰的就是自己的心境。,意群提示,Nothing in the world can bother you as much as your own mind.,后来我们到达安全水域时，我觉得有些不可思议：我不再怕水了。,原句译文,逆译练习,And, as we made our way to safety I realized somet
17、hing incredible: I was no longer afraid. (Para. 16, L1),句型提炼,As sb. did sth., sb. realize something incredible/ thought-provoking/ important: sb. no longer ,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“某人对某些事的反思”。,句型应用,(get addicted to/ smart technologies),典型例句,当我们对智能技术上瘾后，令人深思的是：面对面交流已不复存在，朋友之间已成陌路。,意群提示,As we get addicted to t
18、he smart technologies, we realized something thought-provoking: we no longer have the face-to-face communication and become strangers to our friends.,虽已疲惫不堪，但放眼大海，我感觉海水比任何时候看起来都更美。,原句译文,逆译练习,I looked out to the sea. Weary as I was, the water had never looked so beautiful. (Para. 19, L4),句型提炼,adj. as
19、 sb. was, sb./sth. had never looked so adj. ,句型提炼,应用提示,用于表达“某人对某事或某人新的看法”。,句型应用,(plain-looking),典型例句,虽然她长相平平，但现在她比以往任何时候看起来都要更优雅、更美丽。,意群提示,Plain-looking as she was, she had never looked so graceful and beautiful.,The fears may come from: our own past experience; other peoples fears we witness; someo
20、nes description about their fears; influence of specific cultural and historical context.,Why do people have inner fear of something such as spiders, snakes, water, heights, flying in airplanes, death, etc.?,2. What are your suggestions to a young man who gives up at the last minute when he is going
21、 to ask a girl on a date?,To get a guy to ask a girl out, try giving him some pointers and ideas on how to approach the situation with confidence: Tell the guy to ask a girl on a casual date and see where it goes from there. Encourage the guy to be assertive and not beat around the bush. Suggest tha
22、t the guy give the girl some choices as to where to go on a date.,Obsessive fear leads to anxiety, panic attacks and a variety of psychological problems. We all know what its like to feel overwhelmed by fear, but fear, as it turns out, is a fundamental part of our lives, and has some positive effect
23、s on our lives: Fear prepares us to protect ourselves from anything potentially threatening or harmful Fear is an invitation to act. Fear pushes us beyond our limits. Fear is necessary in developing our courage.,3. Does psychological fear produce any positive aspects in peoples life? If yes, what ar
24、e they?,According to recent survey in America, what the college students fear most in the future is: postgraduate study or job-hunting. It is also true to Chinese students. Which one is more important? Please list your reasons.,For those who are eager to become economically independent and to put in
25、to practice what they have learned in college, taking a job will be both satisfying and rewarding. Moreover, at many times during their study they must have been embarrassed by the lack of money or by the guilty feeling from spending their parents money or “luxuries”. Getting established as a bread-
26、earner after graduation is what they have been desiring.,to be continued,Those who want to take advantage of the favorable conditions in college, however, will in all likelihood, try to enroll in graduate programs. For them, a masters degree or even a doctoral degree represents a much more ambitious
27、 goal of learning than a bachelors degree. In the same way, their lifetime success and interest lie more in making academic achievements than in making money.,According to recent survey in America, what the college students fear most in the future is: postgraduate study or job-hunting. It is also tr
28、ue to Chinese students. Which one is more important? Please list your reasons.,Video Watching,Tips,Critical thinking,Back,Critical thinking,How many steps the speaker mentioned to overcome any fear? And what are they?,7steps. They are: Step 1, write down exactly what you are afraid of and why. Step
29、2, pick an encouraging mantra like “I can handle this”, or “Nothing can harm me”, and repeat it in your head whenever you have to do something that scares you.,to be continued,Critical thinking,Step 3, the next time you have to do something that is scaring, make a fist, hold for 10 seconds, then rel
30、ease. Step 4, eat more turkey, cheese, and nuts, they all contain tryptophan and monoamine oxidase that helps people feel less anxious.,to be continued,How many steps the speaker mentioned to overcome any fear? And what are they?,Critical thinking,Step 5, use soothing essential oils, available in he
31、alth food stores. Step 6, face your fear, again and again and again. Step 7, ask your doctor about medications that have shown promise in reducing fear when a person is faced with a scaring situation.,How many steps the speaker mentioned to overcome any fear? And what are they?,Critical thinking,Dev
32、elop a narrative essayThe plot is how the author arranges events to develop his basic idea. It is a planned, logical series of events with a beginning, middle, and end. There are usually five essential parts of a plot: exposition, rising action, climax (or turning point), falling action, and resolut
33、ion.,Lets look at Text A to see how the author plots a story:,Read the sample essay and see how it develops with five essential parts of a plot.,Topic: Dads blessings Introduction: Thesis statement: We often misread people we truly care for in our life and may never again have a chance to make up fo
34、r it. Exposition: Setting: Upon graduation, a young man was expecting his dads blessing.,to be continued,Conflict: The fathers gift, a Bible with the young mans name on it in gold, resulted in the young mans storming out of the house on Graduation Day. Development: Rising action: Having become succe
35、ssful, the young man decided to pay a visit to his father. Climax: When the young man made arrangements to visit his father, he was informed of his fathers death.,to be continued,Falling action: When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. Conclusion: Resolution:
36、 The young man found the key for the sports car he once dreamed of in the still new Bible when searching through his fathers belongings. But his father was gone.,to be continued,Sample: A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had admired a beautiful sports car in a
37、 dealers showroom, and knowing his father could well afford it, he told him that was all he wanted.As Graduation Day approached, the young man awaited signs that his father had purchased the car. Finally, on the morning of his graduation, his father called him into his private study.,to be continued
38、,His father told him how proud he was to have such a fine son, and told him how much he loved him. He handed his son a beautifully wrapped gift box. Curious, but somewhat disappointed, the young man opened the box and found a lovely, leather bound Bible, with the young mans name on it in gold. Angri
39、ly, he raised his voice and said to his father, “With all your money, you give me a Bible?” and stormed out of the house, leaving the Bible behind.,to be continued,Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family. Realizing his father
40、was very old, he thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that Graduation Day. Before he could make arrangements, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to him. He needed to come home immediately and take care of things.
41、,to be continued,When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. He began to search through his fathers important papers and saw the still new Bible, just as he had left it years ago. With tears, he opened the Bible and began to turn the pages. And as he did, a car
42、key dropped from the back of the Bible. It had a tag with the dealers name, the same dealer who had the sports car he had desired. On the tag was the date of his graduation, and the words “PAID IN FULL”.,Writing practice,Directions: Write an essay of no less than 150 words on one of the following to
43、pics. One topic has an outline you can follow.,to be continued,More topics: My biggest mistake An embarrassing experience,Suppose, as an eye-witness, you are expected to write a report to the police.,Make a speech on the following topic.,You can follow the outline given below.,Part I. Exposition:You
44、 may include the following points:1. Main character (type of cars).2. Time (exact time of the accident).3. Place (exact place of the accident).4. Your position.,To be continued,Part II. Rising action: The description of two (or more) cars before the accident. Part III. Climax: How the cars were cras
45、hed. Part IV. Falling action: The description of the car damage. Part V. Resolution: How did the police deal with the accident? And what about the people in the car?,You can follow the outline given below.,To be continued,You may adopt the following expressions.,black out; a mob of people; stop shor
46、t; be paralyzed with; plow through sth.; throw oneself into/ at/ on/ down; make ones way; pop up; in the midst of; to ones dismay,Translate a paragraph based on a summary of the text by using the expressions from the text.,Paragraph translation,在一次法国旅行当中，我见到了地中海，但是其可怕的裂流让我不寒而栗。这让我想起了去年夏天的那场经历，使得我对水极
47、为恐惧，从那时起，这个恐惧就没有消退过。当我看到一个男孩淹没在海浪中，我就处在了是否应该救他的思想和情感斗争之中，因为，我怕极了水。,shiver,I was extremely terrified of water,recede,mental and emotional struggle,To be continued,Paragraph translation,经过激烈的斗争后，我做了一个很大的决定：纵身跃入水中。我最终赶到了男孩的身边，并且控制住了他，但是当我朝岸边游去的时候，裂流强行把我们拽往大海深处。我试着回忆起如何从裂流中逃生，按照这个方法，我慢慢地达到安全水域，同时也战胜了内心对
48、水的恐惧。在胜利和自我拯救的那个时刻，我感到很放松、很高兴。,threw myself into the water,conquer my inner fear of water,forcibly dragging us out to the sea,made my way to safety,Samples,Paragraph translation,On a tour of France, I saw the Mediterranean Sea, but the terrible rip currents shivered me. And it reminded me that I dev
49、eloped a fear of water due to the experience of last summer and since then, the fear wouldnt recede. When I saw a boy drowning amid the waves, I was in a mental and emotional struggle whether I should save him because I was extremely terrified of water.,To be continued,Paragraph translation,After my
50、 fierce struggle, I made the single big decision: to throw myself into the water. I finally reached the boy and had him under control; but when I swam back toward shore, the rip current was forcibly dragging us out to sea. I tried to remember how to escape from a rip current, and with that, I slowly made my way to safety, thus conquering my inner fear of water as well. I was relaxed and happy in a moment of triumph and salvation.,
