1、,我,爱,七,选,五,福清华侨中学 刘云平,阅读”七选五”,What do you think of it?,Your steps or methods,To improve it a lot?!,No one knows exactly how the earth began. According to a widely accepted theory, the earth began with a “Big Bang”. However, they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, making the ear
2、th too hot to live on. So whether life will continue on the earth will depend on whether this problem can be solved.,HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH,1. First, the appearance of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. 2. After that, mammals came into being. Final
3、ly, humans appeared and spread all over the earth. 3. It exploded loudly and produced water vapor and many gases, making the earths atmosphere. 4. It was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas, which made it possible for life to deve
4、lop. 5. As the earth cooled down, water appeared and stayed on the surface. 6. Next, green plants began to grow on land, and they were followed by land animals. So reptiles appeared for the first time. 7. Later, dinosaurs developed. However, they suddenly disappeared.,Work in pairs:Rearrange the ord
5、ers ofthe sentences to form a passage “How life began on the earth”,3.It exploded loudly and produced water vapor and many gases, making the earths atmosphere. 5.As the earth cooled down, water appeared and stayed on the surface. 4. It was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissolve har
6、mful gases and acids into the oceans and seas, which made it possible for life to develop. 1.First, the appearance of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. 6.Next, green plants began to grow on land, and they were followed by land animals. So reptiles appe
7、ared for the first time. 7.Later, dinosaurs developed. However, they suddenly disappeared. 2.After that, mammals came into being. Finally, humans appeared and spread all over the earth. However, they are putting too much,No one knows exactly how the earth began. According to a widely accepted theory
8、, the earth began with a “Big Bang”. 3.It exploded loudly and produced water vapor and many gases, making the earths atmosphere.5.As the earth cooled down, water appeared and stayed on the surface.4. It was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oce
9、ans and seas, which made it possible for life to develop.,1.First, the appearance of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. 6.Next, green plants began to grow on land, and they were followed by land animals. So reptiles appeared for the first time. 7.Later,
10、 dinosaurs developed. However, they suddenly disappeared. 2.After that, mammals came into being. Finally, humans appeared and spread all over the earth. However, they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, making the earth too hot to live on. So whether life will continue on the ea
11、rth will depend on whether this problem can be solved.,语篇的形成 依赖句间衔接：,逻辑衔接,词汇衔接,考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及 上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握,What to test?,Key words,语法衔接,1词汇的衔接1)词汇复现 复现，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。,No one knows exactly how the earth began. According to a widely accepted theory, th
12、e earth began with a “Big Bang”.,根据句间衔接关系确定不同的解题策略,On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world. _ Those disadvantage
13、s include expense, time away from ones school, family,The following are its advantages. However, there may be a number of disadvantages.,【Ex.1】,1词汇的衔接2)同范畴词出现同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。,Mouse，click， monitor，Internet,Everybody gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the ne
14、xt time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. _72_ They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.,C . Different people feel str
15、ess in different ways F . And dont forget about your friends.,【Ex.2】,3) 数字线索 包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。,1.词汇的衔接,In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 73 . B. The rest live in s
16、mall towns. C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.,【Ex3】,2，语法的衔接 1)代词替代关系,And dont forget about your friends. They might have had similar problems,【Ex4】_73_ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger，.ADoctors say the s
17、olution is learning how to deal with anger. BHe said that laughter is much healthier than anger.,Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet. F. And dont forget about your friends.,2
18、，语法的衔接 2)句式照应,Ex5That happens in the 1980s. And, most recently, she says many kinds of people have joined the movement. _They represent many races, regions and political beliefs.,Most often, their parents are their teachers. She says these include rich people and poor people.,【Ex 6】 _ Second, your n
19、otes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.BThere are three practical notetaking methods. CFirst, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. 3.逻辑衔接 （A.并列关系）,同类表达： in the first place, in the second place; for one thin
20、g, for another thing; to begin with; to conclude,【Ex 7】,It seems urgent that communications in transport should be improved. _ All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite.Communications between human beingsshould also be kept smooth and polite. B. Yet this is all
21、too often seen.B.递进关系 同类表达： too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, whats more, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not only.but also,also,解释性句子,Ex8 Riding a London subway , a person from China will notice one major difference: In London, commuters (乘车上下班的人)dont look at each oth
22、er. _71_. That is not rudeness - people are just too busy to bother looking . A.Modern Londoner are fancy victims D.In fact ,eye contact is avoided at all the time.,解释关系：in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, in other words, that is to say., frankly speaking; to be honest; in this case,C.解释关系,3逻辑衔接
23、还可细分为： D.因果关系： so /therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such.that.，so that.等。 E.转折对比关系：but, however, yet, while /though, or /otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, yet, on the contrary, in contrast/comparison 等。 F.概括归纳关系：in short, in brief, in summary, gener
24、ally speaking, in general, to conclude, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, to sum up 等。,句间衔接 段间衔接,Focus on cohesion:,Shortcut！,words,grammar,logic,1.Find the relation between lines. 2. Locate key words ,标题：,大写，较短，全文主旨,段首：,段尾：,structures,段中：,承上启下 前后逻辑衔接,小标题：,根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略,短小精悍 多为名词性短语、 祈使句,句
25、间衔接 + 段间衔接,71 For many moms, walks are a gentle way to get in shape after giving birth. Do the laundry.It may be boring for you, .,B. Moms can take a walk every day.,A. Every child will develop at an individual rate.,C. Go for a walk.,小标题,【Ex 9】,如果问题设在段首：1）文章首句 2）段落首句,主题句 （总分 ） Top sentence,过渡句 Tran
26、sitional sentence （与空后第一二句的衔接）,_ Every day ,when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in order. She seems to be busy all the time. Mothernever buys expensive dresses for herself, but she
27、 oftenbuys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us.,A. She enjoys listening to class music. B. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals. C. My mother is hardworking and never wastes money.,【Ex 10】,空格在段首,【Ex 11】,空格在段首,75_ They say its boring to hear the same songs all the time.
28、 But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!,A. Some people dont like Muzak. B. The music gives them extra energy. C. Music is play
29、ing in the background.,如果问题设在段尾：1）文章尾句 2）段落尾句 3）首段尾句,结论句（分总） Concluding sentence,承上启下,首尾呼应,Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Reasonable evaluatio
30、n includes knowing where and how to finds relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71 首段尾句 Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find ou
31、t for yourself what a study . Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour “contributes to” or Use your common sense. If a report seems.,F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view. G. The following suggestions can help you sor
32、t through the health information you receive from common sources,承上启下,Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses. 72 段落尾句,BEye care should begin early in life. CThey can properly protect
33、 your eyes. DStay in good shape by taking more vitamins.,前三句内容得出结论是“带眼睛可以保护你的眼睛”。,【Ex 13】,Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule: 1. Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and there is nothing ready to eat. So think ahead of the coming w
34、eek. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials ready?_72_段落尾句,F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden. G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.,首尾呼应,【Ex 14】,实战演练,Summarizing,Summarize methods,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,Pronoun
35、代词,Time 时间词,Numeral 数词,Similar 相同词,The same 相近词,Key words,Before blank 空前,After blank 空后,choice 选项,Foretelling,Compound 并列,Cause and effect 因果,Transition 转折,Explana -tion 解释,Connection,Punctu -ation 标点,1,2,3,4,5,6,Key words,Foretelling,Connection,K,F,C,K,F,C,Summarizing,策略只是技巧， 才是关键,Supposing you ar
36、e the writer , try your best to complete the essay and solve the problem！,Enlarge your vocabulary !,词汇是基础,理解,练习是保障,Comprehension comes first.,Practice makes perfect.,step,vocabulary 词汇,understanding 理解,strategy 技巧,by,step,Enjoy reading!,Any huge task seems easier when reduced to baby steps.,HOMEWORK,运用所学技巧完成课后阅读 “7选5” 两篇; 研究选项,了解选项特点得出解题策略; 研究阅读 “7选5”体裁特点得出解题策略。,GOODBYE,
