1、,高等院校研究生英语系列教材,综合教程（上）,INTEGRATED COURSE,Unit 9,Affordable Housing,Content,Starting out,Reading FocusReading More,Practical Translation,Focused Writing,Final Project,Task 1,With rapid economic development in China, peoples,housing conditions have been greatly improved, but house prices have also ris
2、en. Interview some of your friends, especially those who were born before or during the 1970s, about the changes they have experienced in the cost and condition of their housing. The following are some possible topics that you may like to raise.,Starting out,Possible topics,Location/ Size/ Interior
3、decoration/ Electrical appliances/ Running water/ Hot water/ Showering or bathing facilities/ Indoor toilets/ Electric or gas stoves/ Refrigerators/ Central heating and/or air conditioning/ Lighting/ Telephone / Cable,TV/ Internet access/ Housing costrent or ownership,Starting outTask 1,Task 2,Peopl
4、e have a number of different reasons for choosing a,particular area to live in. Compare the benefits and shortcomings of the following locations and decide where,youd like to live. You could add to the list.,Starting outTask 2,Task 3,Read the following paragraph and discuss with your partner what yo
5、ur choice would be if you were in Lao,Wangs situation. Give the reasons for your choice.,Starting outTask 3,Lao Wang and his wife live in a 15 m2 old apartment in downtown Shanghai. The area will be redeveloped in a couple,of years time. They will be given 300,000 Yuan as,compensation for their apar
6、tment and can either use the money to buy a house in the suburbs, or pay the developer 8,000 Yuan per square meter for a new 130 m2 downtown apartment which they will have to wait for five years before moving in.,The Housing Crisis Goes Suburban,Reading Focus,Global UnderstandingDetailed Information
7、Critical ThinkingLanguage PointsVocabulary in Action,12345,Causes of the problemParas. 2-9Main ideaPara. 1,Reading Focus Global UnderstandingConsequences ofthe problemPara. 10,Solutions to theproblemParas. 11-13SummaryPara. 14,Main idea,Affordable housing has not only become a problem for _, but has
8、 affected,_. Its now a serious problem,for more low- and moderate-income Americans than _. Fairfax is an example for this situation.,Reading Focus Global Understanding,the urban poor,the suburban middle-class,taxes, Social Security or gas prices,Causes of the problem,A. Governments attitude towards
9、affordable housing.,affordable housing, or affordable housing near jobs. a. In the past two decades, much poor housing has been_ but not all has been _ and there hasbeen _.,b. Many middle income people can not find _,near their place of work.,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Americans used to care
10、 a lot about,a. From Roosevelt to Nixon, _ it. b. Nowadays,_.,federal aid has not been increased,affordable homes,the demand for and the supply,B. The striking mismatch between _ of,razed/demolished rebuilt,no increase,Consequences of the problem,A. Children _.B. Workers _.C. Communities _.,Reading
11、Focus Global Understanding,cant see their parents so often,cant make ends meet,are less competitive,Solutions to the problem,A. Local officials_.B. Federal government_.,C.Areal estate crash may not help.,Reading Focus Global Understanding,should get out of the way,should support new constructions,Su
12、mmary,Housing inAmerica today is not just _,but is also _.,Reading Focus Global Understanding,an urban poverty issue,a middle-class quality-of-life issue,Task 2,Paraphrase the underlined parts of the following sentences. (P258),Reading Focus Detailed Information,1. When household incomes grow by X,
13、housing prices,grow by 12X.,2. may rise to $110,000 a year,Keys:,3. has not only affected people with low incomes but also,people who live in the suburbs4. having a period of misfortune,5. not people who have received federal housing assistance, but,those who havent,Reading Focus Detailed Informatio
14、n,6. stop needing welfare payments,7. give an opportunity to a family which is also eligible for,the welfare,8. and studies show that overcrowded living condition,lead to higher crime rates, poorer academic performance and poorer health,9. and workers may have to drive long distances to work,because
15、 they cant afford housing closer,10. Last year less than 5% of houses sold for $ 250,000 or less,so prices will have to reduce a lot for housing to be affordable for low-income families.,Critical Thinking,Reading Focus,Step One,Read the following statements from the text and discuss whether Chinese
16、people have the same problems. Support your views with evidence.,1. Home ownership is often described as a dream, but thesedays many workers would settle for a decent rental that,wont bankrupt their families.,2. Local officials require one-acre lots and two-car garages,and block low-income and high-
17、density projects.,Reading FocusCritical Thinking,3. The high housing price problem has climbed the income,ladder and moved to the suburbs.,4. Families spend at least half their income on housing, many,skimp on health care, child care and food to do so.,5. Workers are enduring increasingly long commu
18、tes from,less expensive communities.,Reading FocusCritical Thinking,Step Two,Think about the role of government in providing affordable housing. Discuss in groups the following statements.,Reading FocusCritical Thinking,1. The root of the (high housing price) problem is thestriking mismatch between
19、the demand for and thesupply of affordable housing.,2.Affordable housing helps make communities competitive.3. The scarcity of affordable housing is a deepening national,crisis.,1. workers cram their families into overcrowded,apartments, college graduates have to crash with,their parents, and firefi
20、ghters, (Para. 1), cram: v. to force something into a small space 把 塞入,e.g. Jessica crammed her clothes into the bag., crash: v. slang to stay at someones house for the night 借,宿,e.g. I crashed for one night at my friends house when I was,in Chicago.,Reading More Language Point,2. The real estate bo
21、om of the past decade has produced,windfalls for Americans who owned before it began, ,(Para. 2), windfall: n. an amount of money that you get unexpectedly,意外之财,Reading More Language Point,providing,mortgages,government,apartments,and,construction jobs for workers down on their luck. (Para. 3) down
22、on their luck: to have no money because one has had alot of bad luck over a period of time (因不走运而)穷困潦倒e.g. 1) When someone is down on their luck, good friendswill be sympathetic.2) George has certainly been down on his luck recently:first his wife fell ill; then he lost his job.,Reading More Languag
23、e Point3. Roosevelt signed housing legislation in 1934 and 1937,4. But it has razed more subsidized apartments than it has,replaced. (Para. 4), raze: v. to completely destroy a town or building 把（城镇、,建筑物）夷为平地,e.g. 1) Much of Nanjing was razed by Japanese invaders in,1937.,2) The old buildings were r
24、azed to make way for a new,development.,Reading More Language Point,5. Overall, the number of households receiving federal aidhas flatlined since the early 1990s, despite an expandingpopulation and a ballooning budget. (Para. 5), flatline: v. to fall to a very low level 降到很低的水平,e.g. 1) The Republica
25、ns have been flatlining in the polls.2) The population growth in this town has been flatlining,in the past five years.,Reading More Language Point,6. Today, for every one of the 4.5 million low-income familiesthat receive federal housing assistance, there are threeeligible families without it. (Para
26、. 6), eligible: adj. being able or allowed to do it 合格的；有资格,的,e.g. 1) In some countries children over 16 are eligible for a,drivers license.,2) Over 500,000 18-year-olds will become eligible to,vote this year.,Reading More Language Point,7. The time limits included in welfare reform 10 years ago,wer
27、e controversial, but studies suggest theyve helped,motivate recipients to get off the dole. (Para. 7), dole: n. unemployment benefit, welfare money given by thegovernment in the US to people who are out of work 救济金,e.g. 1) How many people are on the dole?,2) I said the bankers should be the first to
28、 go on the dole,during the financial downturn.,Reading More Language Point,8. Washington politicians, on the other hand, have the,federal budget at their disposal. (Para. 12), at their disposal: available for someone to use 供某人使,用支配,e.g. 1) Tanner had a lot of cash at his disposal.2) A car and drive
29、r were placed at my disposal.,Reading More Language Point,9. And even a modest price slump could trigger a,construction slowdown (Para. 13), slump: v. to suddenly go down in price, value, or number 暴,跌,e.g. 1) Sales slumped by 20% last year.,2) The US dollar slumped to a record low against all other
30、,currencies.,Reading More Language Point, Key,Task 1,Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase in the sentence. (P260),Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,1-A 2-D 3-B 4-B 5-C 6-A 7-B 8-A9-C 10- A,Task 2,1. Thousands of spectators _ into the stadium to,see the game.
31、,2. Tell the students to blow up the _ and then,tape the straw to it.,3. Most river tourists travel in big noisy motor rigs, which_ through all but the biggest rapids withoutdifficulty.,Read the words and their explanations in the box. Choose a word to complete each of the sentences below and explai
32、n its meaning. Change the form if necessary. (P261),crammed (b),balloon (a),Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,crash (a),4. Jill _ her clothes into the bag.,5. He lost control of his car at the first bend and _ . 6. We _ in as much sightseeing as possible,during our stay in New York.,7. The companys
33、 debt has _ in the past year. 8. You can _ at our place if you cant get a ride,home.,9. Well have to get out of this situation before the,_ goes up.,10.As house sales have _ , so has spending in,department-store on items like furniture, carpets and electrical appliances.,crammed (d),ballooned (c),cr
34、ashed (a),crammed (a),Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,crash (b),balloon (b),slumped (b),11. It is believed that the proceeds from the sale will go into a,_ fund for the children.,12. The hardest thing is finding a car dealer you can _ !13. I was fortunate enough to have very _ parents.14. The pos
35、t-war _ sent the unemployment figures,soaring to twice the expected level.,15. That decision did not win her much support from,_ and moderates.,16. When he is 25, the trustees will give him full control of his,_ fund.,trust (d),trust (c),liberal (c),Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,slump (c),liber
36、als (b),trust (b),Task 3,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase from the four choices given below.,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,Northern Canada, including the Northwest Territories, is an 1)_ place to live. Housing is at least 60% more expensive in the north 2) _ it is i
37、n southern Canada. Food prices are also 3)_, by at least 20%. Since building materials and foodstuffs are 4)_ from the south, the higher prices are primarily 5) _ transportation costs. 6) _ far away from Yellowknife have higher costs, and communities served only by aircraft have the highest food and
38、 housing costs.,expensive,than,higher,imported,due to,Communities,For example, foodstuffs shipped by air to 7) _ communities such as Sachs Harbor on Banks Island are 80% more expensive than they are in Yellowknife. To offset these high food and housing costs, 8) _ are higher than those in southern C
39、anada. In addition, most people live in public or staff housing, where rents are 9)_ . Government employees living in remote communities receive an isolated post 10)_ payment to help offset the higher cost of living.,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,remote,wages,allowance,subsidized,Is Affordable
40、Housing Becoming,an Oxymoron?,Reading More,Reading More,Global UnderstandingCritical ThinkingLanguage PointsVocabulary in Action,1234,Housing prices have been 1) _ to,unprecedented levels. Its a common idea that a,significant part of the 2) _ for housing is based on an expectation of future 3) _. Th
41、e more prices go up, the more people want to buy 4)_ reap the gains from 5) _future price appreciation. This pushes prices up even more. Can anything be done?,Complete the following extract with the information from the text (P267).,Text Exploration,pushed up,demand,appreciation,Reading MoreGlobal U
42、nderstanding,so as to expected,Some municipalities provide 6) _ types of assistance to new homeowners. 7) _,this increases demand even more. Increasing taxes does not solve the cost of the housing problem either.,Basic 8)_ that either a reduction in demand or an increase in the supply of housing wil
43、l 9)_housing prices, so a rise in 10) _rates should moderate 11)_, and it appears that housing prices are 12) _ out in some areas.,various,Unfortunately,lower,economics,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,interest,demand,flattening,As to increasing supply, land 13)_ restrictions are tight in many desir
44、able 14)_ areas, and political forces are 15) _ against relaxing these restrictions due to limited land resources and traffic problems.,So what is the answer to high home prices?,residential,use,aligned,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,Critical Thinking,Reading More,1. What is a price bubble?,2. Why
45、 cant increasing taxes on housing solve the cost of the,housing problem?,3. Why do many Californian empty-nesters sell their houses,and migrate to Oregon?,4. Why do people hold different views on land use restrictions?,Reading MoreCritical Thinking,Discuss in groups the following questions.,1. a sig
46、nificant part of the demand for housing is based on an,expectation of future appreciation. (Para. 2), appreciation n. a rise in value, especially of land, money or,possessions 增值,e.g. 1) There has been an appreciation of 50% in property values.,2) The pounds rapid appreciation is creating problems for,exporters.,Reading Focus Language Point,2. Analogous to the imposition of a subsidy, a 10% increase inproperty taxes would push housing prices down by 10%.(Para. 5), analogous to similar to another situation or thing so that a,
