1、Unit 1 Your college years,1. As a college student, have you experienced anything different from your middle school life? 2. Have you had any psychological problems ever since you entered college?,What is the main idea of para1?,Many key changes happen to college students during their college years.,
2、What can you learn from para1?,Three expressions of “Have you thought about？” Have you ever considered? Has it ever occurred to you? Has it ever dawned on you? Can you make some sentences by making use of the latter two expressions?,During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and
3、 are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are.,It refers to the difficulties, confusions and anxieties that you go through during adolescence when you are not sure who you really are and what your purpose in life is.,experiencing; undergoing; suffering, identi
4、ty is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents), shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events.,Who we are is determined by three things: first, our genes, or what our parents have given us; second, environment; third, luck or opportunities.,accidental,What factors ma
5、y influence identity?,Identity may be influenced by genes, environment and opportunities.,Whats the main idea of para3?,It may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education.,independence/dependence struggle,become stronger or intensified,If they choose to continue their education, they
6、 will face an even more serious struggle between the desire to be independent and the need to depend on the financial support of their parents.,para3,Whats the main idea of para3? The independence/dependence struggle,four aspects to psychological separation (para 4),1. Functional independence.2. Att
7、itudinal independence.3. Emotional independence.4. Freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.”,First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practica
8、l and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda.,determining what they are going to do every day,independence in handling everyday life situations; the ability to solve practical problems,Hoffman defines this process as “freedom fro
9、m an excessive need for approval, closeness, togetherness, and emotional support in relation to the mother and father.”,Children need their parents to tell them what to do or not to do. They also need to be close to their parents and receive encouragement, love, all kinds of emotional support which
10、give them strength. But when they grow up, they no longer have the same needs like babies.,no longer having something you do not want,Freedom from excessive guiltmother and father,excessive guilt: Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done somethin
11、g wrong. anxiety: They are anxious because they are eager to please their parents. mistrust: They sometimes feel unhappy because they think their parents are not fair to them.,para4,responsibility: They feel they are responsible to their parents for everything they do. inhibition: They are always af
12、raid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly.,para4,resentment and anger: All these may make them angry with their parents or make them feel resentful. These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents. When they grow up, they usually strive for freedom from this.,par
13、a4,freedom from vs freedom of freedom from hunger; freedom from fear freedom of speech; freedom of religion “We look forward to a world founded upon essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expressioneverywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in
14、 his own wayeverywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear anywhere in the world. “ Franklin D. Roosevelt,para4,Stand back 1. 后退： Stand back, I will shoot! 后退否则我要开枪了! 2. 置身事外，退一步（考虑问题）If you stand back and think about a situation, you
15、 think about it as if you were not involved in it. Stand back and look objectively at the problem. 退一步，客观地看待这个问题。,para5,Probably nothing can make students feelrelationship with. When students are in a romantic relationship with the opposite sex, they are most likely to feel unhappy or happy emotiona
16、lly.,para5,The main idea of para5: Establishing their sexual identity,para6,was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow. was beginning to realize that his world was getting smaller and his choices fewer. Shrink: become smaller in size Washing wool in hot water will shrink it. The vast forests
17、 of West Africa have shrunk.,para6,The topic sentence of para6 The first sentence,para7,internalize: to make faith, value, morals, attitudes, behavior, language etc. part of your nature by learning or assimilating them unconsciously.,para7,ethnic and racial: racial 种族， racial discrimination ethnic:
18、民族，minority ethnic group,para7,The topic sentence of para7 The first sentence,para10,Contribute to: to help to cause sth to happen We should analyze the conditions that contribute to the problem. Exercises contribute to ones health.,para10,They are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processin
19、g information. They are also finding or learning new ways of arranging, organizing, analyzing or understanding information.,Part 1 (para. 1):Part 2 (paras. ):Part 3 (para. ):,29,10,Many key changes happen to college students during their college years.,The key changes involve the following: identity
20、 crisis, the independence/dependence struggle, establishment of sexual identity, affection giving and receiving, internalization of religious faith, values and morals, development of new ways to organize and use knowledge, a new understanding of the world and himself/herself.,Conclusion.,Content of the text,What can we learn from the text? In college years, we will We should,Organization of the text,Pay attention to the linking of each paragraph with the preceding one.(eg. para7、8、9) Pay attention to the way of developing a paragraph.（para6）,
