1、过去分词考点,高三复习,(1) The cup is broken. （2）He is retired. （3）The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 1.表示主语的状态2.既表示被动，又表示完成。3.只表示动作的完成。 4.很接近被动结构。 The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. The door has been destroyed for long.被动语态则表示动作。时态变化多。,考点一 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别,The book is_ and I fee
2、l _ in it.(乏味） The boy is _(有趣）and everyone is _（兴趣）in him.,考点二 过去分词/现在分词作表语与主语的关系,boring,bored,1.过去分词形式修饰人，用 -ing 形式修饰物。2.过去分词表示-ing 形式表示主动或进行, 被动或完成。,interesting,interested,考点三 过去分词作定语的意义与位置 1.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 2.The concert given by their friends was a success.
3、 3. The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. a. 及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动 又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。 b. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰的名词之前; 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。 Eg: A boy named Jack came in just now.,(1) Written in a hurry, this article was not s
4、o good! (2) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. (3) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. （4）He stood there silently, moved to tears. （5）When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. （6）Her head held high, she went by.,考点四 过去分词作状语,表不变 里在变,（lost , seate
5、d , hidden ,stationed , addicted to , devoted to ,absorbed in ；born ； dressed in ；tired of）,I heard the song sung in English. He found his hometown greatly changed. Ill have my hair cut tomorrow. He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. Dont leave those things undone He had his money stolen. With the
6、matter settled, we all went home. She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face.,考点五 过去分词作宾补 动-宾-过分结构,过去分词考点归纳,高三复习,1、有了谓语才有我。,2、我表被动与完成。,3、独自一人闯江湖。,哈哈,1. _ black and blue, the lady couldnt move. A. Beaten B. Beating C. To be beaten D. To beat,Exercises 1,2. _ everywhere, the wolves had
7、 no where _ themselves. A. Hunting, hiding B. To hunt, to hide C. Hunted, hiding D. Hunted, to hide,3. The teacher walked to lab, _. A. followed by his students B. his students followed C. and followed by his students D. both A and B,4. When _ into the warm room, ice soon changes into water. A. heat
8、ing and taking B. heated, and taking C. heating or taken D. heated or taken,5. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun,6. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. (03北京春) A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored
9、 C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring,7. She was sad because of _ any chance left. A. there being not B. there not being C. not there being D. there was not 8. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. (上海2002) A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D
10、. known,9. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (01全国夏) A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,10. Before _, the machine must be checked. A. being used B. using it C. being used to D. using 11. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can
11、be lower than store prices. (02京皖春) A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying,12.The Emperors New Clothes, is an _ text. All of us are _ in it. A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. excited; exciting D. exciting; excited,13. She asked if there is anything_ for tonight. A. to plan B. pl
12、anned C. that plans D. planning,14. The _ morning, the father came into the lonely house , _ by his naughty boy. A. following; following B. followed; followed C. following; followed D. followed; following,15. _ these pictures, I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing and _ from th
13、e top of a thirty-stored building, Beijing looks more magnificent. A. Seeing; seen B. Seen; seeing C. Seeing; seeing D. Seen; seen,16. _ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in the sky and _ them light. A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giv
14、ing D. Given; giving,17. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 18. When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed,19. _ in 1636, Harvard is on
15、e of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being found B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding,20. I found a car _ in a pool by the side of the road.A. to be stuck B. stuck C. sticking D. stick,1. You can make yourself _ pretty well if you keep on speaking the language. A. understan
16、d B. understood C. understanding D. to understand,Exercise2,2. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying outC. carried out D. to carry out,3. - I cant see the words on the blackboard. - Perhaps you need _.A. to have your eyes examined B. to
17、examine your eyeC. to have examined your eyes D. your eyes to be examined,4. They woke up, finding everything around _. A. changing B. change C. changed D. to change,1 _ time ,he will make a first-class tennis player . A Having given B To give C Giving D Given 2 _in 1636 ,Harvard is one of the most
18、famous universities in the United States . A Being founded B It was founded C Founded D Founding 3 Unless _to speak ,you should remain silent at the conference . A invited B inviting C being invited D having invited,D,C,A,4 _,but he still couldnt understand it . A He had been told many times B Havin
19、g been told many times C Told many times D Although he had been told many times 5 When first _to the market , these products enjoyed great success . A introducing B introduced C introduce D being introduced,A,B,6 There seemed to be nothing _to do but _for the doctor . A leave / send B left / to send
20、 C left / send D leaving / send 7_everywhere , the wolves had no where _themselves . A Hunting / hiding B To hunt / to hide C Hunted / hiding D Hunted / to hide,C,D,作介词but ,expect ,besides 的宾语，前面又有实意动词 do时，不定式通常省去to,8 . The _ morning, the father came into the lonely house, _ by his naughty boy.,foll
21、owing, following B. followed, followed C. following, followed D. followed, following,9. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse _ after her son and was pleased to see the boy well _ care of in the nursery.,looked; taken B. looking; taken C. looked; took D. looking; taking,C,B,10. The murderer was broug
22、ht in, with his hands _ behind his back.,being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied,11. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better.,Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given,D,A,1. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first playe
23、d C. first played D. to be playing,考点点拨,简析: 首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games的后置分词短语;再根据 The Olympic Games 对于动词 play 来说只能是被动承受,且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此,该题应选C。,2. Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak简析: 该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句 which is spoken。,3
24、. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited简析: 该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句who were invited。,4. The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. o
25、pened 简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非限制性定语从句“which was opened last year”代替。,5. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句which were written。,例: The
26、murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied简析: 很显然,待选部分的逻辑主语是 his hands,而不是句子的主语 The murderer,而 his hands 对于动词 tie来说,只能是被动承受。因此,该题应选D。,Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ as 3M.A. knowing B. knownC. bein
27、g known D. to be known,高考链接,B,解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。,2. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recorded B. recordingC. to be recorded D. having recorded,高考链接,A,解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。,3. Dont use words, exp
28、ressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge.A. being known B. having been knownC. to be known D. known,高考链接,D,解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。,4. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smell B. smellingC.
29、smelt D. to be smelt,高考链接,B,解析：答案B。此处为现在分词作定语，修饰flowers。smell为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于which/that smells sweet。,Practice,1. Did you attend the meeting _yesterday? to be held B. having been held C. held D. being held Do you know the name of the play_ in the hall now? to be put on B. being put on C. put on D.
30、putting on I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twainfrom the library last week. I like it very much. written B. writing C. was written D. to write 4. Please dont forget him. He is one of _. those invited B. invited those C. those inviting D. inviting those,C,B,A,A,英语主动形式表被动意义的几种情况1.表示被动含义的主动动词1)系动词 taste ,s
31、ound ,look, smell, feel Your reason sounds reasonable.Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 2)一些与cant 或wont, wouldnt 连用的动词。常用的有: lock , shut , open , act 等, The door wont/ wouldnt open. It cant /wouldnt move.,3) sell, wash , clean , burn , cook 等, 与 well(很), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用 ,The b
32、ook sells well. These clothes wash well.,2.表示被动含义的主动结构 1)动名词be worth , want ( 需要), need(需要), require(需要) 后所用的动名词,必须用主动结构表示被动意义,例如:Your hair wants/needs cutting = Your hair needs to be cut .,2)不定式 1.主语+be+形容词+不定式”句型中, 形容词easy、difficult、heavy、hard、nice、bitter、dangerous、interesting、important、expensive、
33、 comfortable、pleasant、impossible 句中的主语又是不定式的逻辑宾语时，通常用不定式主动形式表示被动意义 ,例如: That question is difficult to answer. Chickens legs are nice to eat.,2.当不定式所修饰的名词或代词是动词的宾语，而句子的主语也是不定式的逻辑主语时。 :He bought some magazines to read . He has a family to support.3.当不定式所修饰的名词或代词，是及物动词的直接宾语，而间接宾语是不定式的逻辑主语时。 The teacher
34、 gave the students some paper to write on .,4.当不定式所修饰的名词或代词，是“there be. ”结构句中的主语时 ( 此处用主动或被动式，一般说来无意义上的不同 ) 。 如： There are many problems to work out . ( to be worked out ),3)特殊结构“be + under +名词”结构:这种结构表示某事“在进行中”。例如:The building is under construction. The whole matter is under discussion (=is being discussed). 经常这样用的名词还有repair(修理), treatment(治疗), question(质问)等。,
