1、1.以 break 为中心的词组Break away from 脱离，逃离 breakdown 破坏，粉碎；瓦解；出故障，抛锚 break in 闯进，打断；使顺服 break into 闯入；强行进入；突然开始 breakout 爆发，发生；准备使用；起锚 break the law 违反法律 break the record 破记录Break ones promise 失言 breakup 开垦，破碎；解散，分开，分解2.以 catch 为中心的词组Be caught doing 被发现做某事 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火
2、车 catch a cold 伤风，感冒 catch ones word 听懂某人的话 catch sight of 发现，瞥见 catch up with 赶上，追及，追上3.以 come 为中心的词组Come across 偶尔发现，想起；越过；偿付 come along 一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现come at 达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击 comeback 回来；恢复，复原 comedown 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒come from 来自，起源于，从产生，生于 come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获名次come into being 发生，产生，出现，形成 come into p
3、ower 开始执政，当权，当选 come into use 开始使用，获得应用come on 上演；开始；赶快；发展；登台；(问题)被提出 come to know 开始了解到come out 出来，传出；出版；结果是；褪色；(秘密)泄露 come to 苏醒，复原；共计；达到；归结于come to an end 终止，结束 come true 实现，成为现实；证实 come up 走近；上楼；长出，发芽4.以 do 为中心的词组Be done in 精疲力竭 be done with 完全结束 do a good deed 做一件好事Do away with 去掉，废除；弄死；浪费 do g
4、ood to(=do sb. good)有益于Do harm to(=dosb.good)有害于 do it swork 有效，有作用 do much 极有用Do wrong to 做错 do ones best 尽某人最大努力 do ones homework 做作业Do ones utmost 尽力而为 do proud 足以使骄傲 do sb. justice 公平对待某人 dosome cleaning(V+ing，etc.)搞卫生 do sb. a favor 帮助某人Do well in 学得不错，干得漂亮 do with 和相处，忍受，处理 do without 不需要，不用 d
5、o wonders 创造奇迹 haveMuch to do with 和很有关系 have nothing to do with 与无关 have something to do with 和有关 in doing so=in so doing 这时，在这种情况下 That will do.行了；够了5.以 get 为中心的词组Get about 徘徊，走动，旅行；流传 get above oneself 自视高傲 get accustomed to 习惯于，对习以为常 get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使理解 get ahead of 胜过，超过 get along 前进，进步；
6、同意；离去Get along with 与相处 get at 发现，了解；掌握；攻击 have got to do 不得不，必须 getaway离开，逃脱 getback 取回，回来；报复 get behind 落后；识破 get down 咽下；写下；使沮丧，使抑郁 get down to认真对待，静下心来 get familiar with 熟悉 get hold of 获得，取得 get home 到家 get in 进入，陷入；牵涉 get off 送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动身 get on 上车；穿上；进步，使前进；成功；相处 get upon with 进步；在方面获得成功 ge
7、t oneshand in 熟悉；习惯 get out of 由出来，从得出；避免；退休 get over 越过；恢复，痊愈；克服；完成 get ready for为作准备 get rid of 除去，去掉；免除，摆脱 get through 到达，完成，通过；及格 get together积聚，积累；商谈，取得一致意见 getup 起床，起立；研究，钻研；致力于；安排，组织 get use dto 习惯于6.以 give 为中心的词组Be given to 沉溺于，癖好 give about 分配；传播 give and take 相互迁就giveaway 赠送；牺牲；泄露；颁发 giveb
8、ack 归还 give cause 给予的理由 give earto 侧耳倾听 give forth 发出，放出；发表 give in 屈服，让步，投降 give into 同意，接受；向让步 give off发出（烟，气味）give oneself out to be/as 自称为 give one self up to 专心于；向自首 give out 分发，公布 give place to 让位于，被所替代 give rise to 引起，导致；使发生 give sb. To understand 通知某人 give up 放弃；停止 give way to 让步，退却；屈服于7.以 l
9、ook 为中心的词组lookabout 四下环顾；查看 lookafter 照顾，看管 lookaround 东张西望 lookat 注视，着眼于 lookback 回顾lookfor 寻找；期待，期望 lookdownon 俯视；轻视 lookforwardto 盼望，期待 lookinto 窥视；调查；浏览looklike 看起来象 lookon 旁观；面向 lookout 向外看；注意；当心，堤防 lookover 从上面看过去；检查 lookthrough 透过看去；看穿；浏览 lookupto 仰望，尊敬8.以 make 为中心的词组bemadefrom 由原料制成 bemadeof
10、 由材料制成 bemadeupof 由组成 makeafoolof 愚弄，欺骗makeamistake 弄错 makeapointofdoing 强调；认为重要；决心，坚持 makeadvantages/useof使用，利用 makeafter 追求，追赶 makebelieve 假装 makecertain 确信，把弄清楚 makecontactwith接通，与接触，与联系 makefor 去向，向前进；有利于 makefriendswith 和交友 makeinto把制成，使转变为 makemuchof 重视；理解；赏识 makeonesmindonsth.决定某事 makeonesown
11、当作自己的看待 makeoneselfathome 随便，别拘束 makeout 填写；开支票；理解；辨认 makethebestof尽量利用；极为重视 makeup 弥补，修理；赔偿，补偿；起草；编造；化装 makeupto 接近，巴结；向求爱 makewayfor为让路，让路于 onthemake 急求成功；增加9.以 put 为中心的词组putaside 把放在一边；搁置；排除 putaway 把放好，把收拾；储藏；吃喝，吃掉 putback 把放回原处；驳回 putdown 放下；镇压；制止；记下；削减；降落 putforward 提出；拨快；建议，推荐；提倡，倡议 putinto 把
12、放入；插入；翻译成putoff 推迟，延期；消除；推脱，推辞 puton 上演；穿上，带上 putupwith 忍受，容忍 putonesheartinto全神贯注，专心致志 putup 举起，挂起；提名，推荐；陈列10.以 take 为中心的词组betakenaback 吃惊 takeaseat 就坐 takeashower 淋浴，洗澡 takeaim 瞄准，设立目标 takeaway拿走，减去；夺去 takebysurprise 出奇制胜 takeonesplace 就坐，入坐 takecareof当心，注意；照顾；提防；谨慎；处理，对付；负责 takeoffice 就职，上任 takef
13、or 把当作 takeoff脱去，除去；离开；起飞；模仿；起程；致死；复制，作副本；减弱 takeonestemperature 量体温takepartin 参与，参加takeiteasy 别着急，慢慢来 takeplace=happen 发生，举行 taketheplaceof 代替 takepridein 以为荣，对骄傲 takesb.bythearm 拉某人的胳膊11.以 turn 为中心的词组giveanewturnto 对予以新的看法 inonesturn 轮到某人做某事 outofturn 不按次序的，不合适宜的 takeonesturntodo 轮到做 turnablindeye
14、to 对视而不见 turnagainst 背叛，采取敌对态度 turnback 折回，往回走 turndown 折叠，翻下，驳回，拒绝考虑 turninto 走进；变成，变为 turntoforhelp 求助于turnoff 关上（自来水，电器开关）；解雇，辞退；避开（问题）；制造；生产 turnon 打开（自来水，电器开关）；反对；依靠，依赖，取决于 turnonesattentionto 把注意力转向 turnout 培养；证明是；制成；实际情况是 turnouttobe 原来是，证明是，结果是turnoveranewleaf 翻开新的一页，重新开始，改过自新 turn(a)round 旋
15、转，转过身来；改变意见；采取新政策 turnto变成；着手于 turnupsidedown 颠倒过来，翻过来；使陷入混乱初中英语完形填空解题技巧 1.总体把握 要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。 2.弄清体裁 文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。 3.重视主题句 完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中
16、间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口” ，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。 4.语境联想 利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。 一般说来讲解以下三种解题技法： 1.词语搭配 (1)从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组的序列。 (2)因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film (3)词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如：push ahead with(奋力前行)。 (4)因词组而构成的常见的句式：It feels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配
17、。如：look for, look over, look out, look after, look up 等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如：I paid 12 pounds for the dictionary. The book cost me a lot. It took three men to lift the box.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。如：take off 有“脱下(衣服) ，(飞机)起飞，匆匆离开，取下，休假等多种含意。 2.语法判定 (1)要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介
18、词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个方面： a.名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词，注意其性和数的一致。 b.动词的选用，要注意词义和惯用搭配，还要区分近义词之间的用法差异及所给词的形式。 c.选择介词，应注意其惯用法，特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配。 d.选择代词，要注意性、数、格是否准确。 e.选择连词，要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。 f.选择形容词和副词，要注意词义的区别，用于比较时，还要注意词形变化。 (2)要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装 a.句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见
19、，其次是祈使句的零时态等。 b.句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。 c.句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。 (3)在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法 a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。 b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。 3.例举对比 在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备” ，
20、例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。 一般的解题过程是： 1.通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。 2.瞻前顾后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑，务必使所填的单词准确无误。 3.反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。如实词多与文章的内容直接相关，虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关，如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话，应考
21、虑是否需要填介词、连词等。 4.验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点： (1)文章是否顺畅； (2)所填单词是否是最佳单词； (3)所填单词是否有拼写错误。 As they left Mr. Penbury peacefully reading in the park, Bill talked to Tom about the wanted man whose picture they had seen outside the police-station.“tall, thin and with36_hair,” he said. “Mr. Penbury!” shouted Tom, “It
22、37_ him perfectly.”“exactly,” said Bill with both joy and 38_. “39_ we know that our40 _ isnt the wanted man.” Rejected(反驳)Tom.“all the same,” said Bill, pretending to be serious. “I think I ought to 41_ with the police about this.”Tom42_ with his friend about the plan. But Bill 43_ to revenge(报复)hi
23、mself for all the punishments 44_ Mr. Penbury had given him unfairly in his opinion. He stopped at the next 45_ and went in. He46 _when he came out.“Well, what did you say to them?” Tom asked.“Oh, I just said that there was a man in the47 _, who looked very much like the 48_ man.”“but they must have
24、 known that it was a boy 49_,” Tom said.“I dont think so,” Bill explained. “I changed my 50_. I spoke 51_ my father.”The boys never found out for certain 52_ Mr.Penbury was actually taken to the police station that Sunday. He appeared at school the next morning 53_. However, Tom felt that Bills tric
25、k must have 54_ because he often caught Mr. Penbury studying their faces with even 55_ attention.36. A. few B. little C. several D. a few 37. A. copies B. keeps C. likes D. fits38. A. sadness B. surprise C. happiness D. excitemen t39. A. Though B. And C. But D. Or40. A.teacher B. friend C. classmate
26、 D. student41. A. have a try B. have a word C. have a discussion D. have a speech42. A. agreed B.disagreed C.followed D. discouraged 43. A. considered B. decided C.realized D. thought44. A. when B.where C.how D.that45. A. restroom B. street corner C. phone box D. police station46. A. was crying B. w
27、as interesting C.was smiling D. was surprising47. A. street B. school C. way D. park48. A. correct B. strange C. punished D. wanted49. A.speaking B. talking C.saying D. telling50. A. voice B. sound C.name D. idea51. A. as B. like C. after D. before52. A. what B. whether C. that D. which53. A. as wel
28、l B. as much C. as usual D. as often54. A. started B. helped C. worked D. failed55. A. little B. great C. less D. greater、题目解析：36 B. few, several, a few 这些词要修饰可数名词, 但是文中空格后的名词 hair 是不可数名词,故用little 来修饰 . 37 D. 由上下文可知这里应该填入的单词意思是 “与相符” 而 suit, fit 两个都有此义。但是 suit 更侧重“颜色，衣服，发型等适合某人”，因此这题就选择 Dfit。 38D根据上
29、下文的语义理解, excitement 为最佳答案. 39C这一题考察连词的用法，由题干就可知应该是转折关系的连词 but40A根据下文所介绍的内容可推测出这位先生是他们的 teacher。41B考察固定词组的意思。Have a try 尝试一下 have a word 与某人通话 have a discussion 讨论一下 have a speech 这不是一个词组。与警察通话就要用 have a word42B从上文的 reject 这个动词可知 Tom 的态度是反对的，因此要用 disagreed43B固定用法 decide to do sth。其他动词都不能加 to do。44D考察
30、定语从句的用法。先行词有 all 修饰，而且定语从句中缺少宾语，故只能用 that45C由下文可推知他是去给警察打电话，所以应该是进入电话亭 phone box。46C这题考察逻辑推理能力。 47D48D这两题较简单，因为在文中第一句就有讲过。49A在电话上说话应该用 speaking 50Avoice 指人的声音 sound 指一切能听到的声音51B“像一样”而且后面加名词的，就只能用“like” 52B因为前面说他们还没有确定，因此应该选择“是否 whether” 53C考察固定词组的用法，as usual 意为 “和平常一样”54C“ 起作用 ” work 55Deven 后加形容词比较
31、级1A strange thing happened to Henry yesterday. He was on a bus and to _1_. So he stood up and rang the bell. _2_ make sure the driver heard him, he rang it twice, but the bus _3_ stop. And the conductor came and shouted _4_ him.The conductor was _5_ angry and spoke _6_ fast that Henry didnt understa
32、nd _7_. The bus stopped at the next bus and Henry got off. As he got off he heard someone said, “ I think he _8_ a foreigner.”When Henry got _9_, he told his wife about it.“ _10_ times did you ring the bell?” his wife asked.“ Twice,” said Henry.“ Well, thats the signal (信号) _11_ the driver _12_ on.”
33、 His wife explained, “only the conductor _13_ to ring the bell twice. Thats why the conductor _14_ so angry!”Henry nodded（点头）. “ _15_,” he said.1. A. got off B. gets off C. get off D. get on 2. A.To B. At C. In D. with3. A. doesnt B. dont C. didnt D. wasnt 4. A. in B. on C. of D. at5. A. so B. as C.
34、 at D. because 6. A. so that B. that C. so D. why7. A. words B. a word C. speech D. song 8. A. was B. isnt C. is D. am9. A. to home B. at home C. in home D. home10. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How 11. A. to B. at C. on D. for 12. A. to go B. go C. went on D. goes13. A. allowed B. is allow
35、ed C. was allowed D. allow14. A. got B. gets C. is getting D. gotten 15. A. I seen B. I saw C. I see D. I did1. A。他按两次电铃的目的是希望列车员能听见。这里应用动词不定式表示目的，故选 to。2. C。文章主要讲述过去发生的事情。应用一般过去时，故选 didnt.3. D。shout at sb 意为“对某人大吵，大嚷” ，故选 at。4. A。由文章可知，列车员很生气，用副词 so 来修饰“angry”与下文 that 构成固定搭配，即sothat， 意思是“如此以至” 。5.
36、C。与上题同解。6. B。根据文意可知列车员的话乘客一句也没有听懂。故选 a word。7. C。因为是直接引语，所以这里用一般现在时。故选 is。8. D。got 为不接物动词，可以直接接副词 home，意为“到家” 。9. A。分析四个选项，只有 how many 后可接可数名词复数10. D。这里 for 表示一种限定，指专门给驾驶员的信号。11. A。根据文意可知按两次车铃是提醒司机继续前进的信号，动词不定式在此作后置定语，故选 to go。12. B。列车员与 allow 之间构成被动关系，这里应用被动语态，故选 is allowed。13. A。列车员生气的情况已发生，所以用一般过
37、去时，故选 got。14. C。根据文意，这位乘客知道列车员生气的原因之后， 应说“I see.”。2Allan was worried. This was his first time to go traveling 1 . He didnt know how to find his seat, 2 he went to the air hostess(空姐) and asked, “Could you help me? I cant find my seat.” The air hostess showed 3 the seat and told him 4 and fasten the
38、seat belt(系好安全带). She told Allan not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Allans ears might feel 5 strange, but he didnt need to 6 it because many people felt 7 that. When the plane was flying very high, Allan could stand up and walk around. He could 8 read books, newspa
39、pers or see films. The air hostess would _9_ food and drinks. Allan would enjoy the flight and 10 soon.1.A. by ship B. by air C. by car D. by bus 2.A. yet B. or C. but D. so3.A. him B. me C. her D. he 4.A. stand up B. sleep C. to sit down D.sitdown5.A. a little B. little C. a bit of D. bit6.A worryi
40、ng B. be worried C. worry about D. worry 7.A. in B. for C. as D. like 8.A. neither B. either C. both D. also9.A hold B. take C. bring D. carry10. A. arrive home B. arrive to home C. get to home D. reach at home1B。本文讲述了 Allan 第一次乘飞机时的情况, 故选 by air。2D。根据文意, Allan 因为找不到座位 , 所以他就去问空姐。这里构成因果关系，应用 so 引导结果
41、状语从句。 3A。Allan 是男士，故选 him 充当 show 的宾语。4C。tell sb. to do sth.意思是“叫某人干某事” 。故选 to sit down。5A。a little 修饰形容词表示 “有点” 。6C。 need to 后面应接动词原形。 worry 为不接物动词，不能直接接宾语。 故选 worry about。7D。like that 意为 “像那样” 。 8B。固定结构 eitheror , 意为“或者或者” 。9C。根据文意，空姐拿来食物和饮料给乘客, 故选 bring。10A。这里 home 是副词，其前面应用不接物动词，故选择 arrive home。
42、3What is the best way to study ? This is a very important question. Some Chinese students often 1 very hard 2 long hours. This is a 3 habit (习惯), but it is not a better way to study . A good student must 4 enough sleep, enough food and enough rest. Every 5 you 6 to take a walk or play basketball or
43、ping-pong or sing a song. When you 7 to your studies, youll find yourself 8 than before and youll lean more.Perhaps we can 9 that learning English is like taking Chinese medicine, we mean that like Chinese medicine, the effects(效果) of your study 10 slowly but surely. Learn every day and effects will
44、 come just like Chinese medicine. 1. A. play B. study C. sleep D. think 2. A. at B. in C. for D. with3. A. best B. better C. good D. bad 4. A. have B. do C. want D. make5. A. month B. week C. hour D. day 6. A. want B. hope C. need D. wish7. A. begin B. return C. go D. are 8. A. stronger B. weaker C.
45、 strong D. week9. A. say B. guess C. talk D. know 10. A. return B. come C. give D. get 1B。下文指出这是一个好的学习习惯但不是一个好的学习方法，故选 study。2C。介词 for 常与段时间连用, 在句中作状语。3C。与下半句形成转折关系，这里应选 good，说明努力学习是一种好的习惯。4A。一个会学习的学生必须有足够的睡眠。have 意为“拥有” ，为正确选项。5D。下文 take a walk, play basketball 都是些日常活动，故 day 为正确选项。6C。take a walk, p
46、lay basketball 这些活动很有必要在学习之余进行,故选 need。7B。根据文意，休息之后, 应重新返回到学习上 , 而不是才开始学习， 故选 return。8A。由句中的 than 可知应选比较级；根据文意，锻炼身体后, 身体应更加强壮, 故选 stronger。9A。say 强调说的内容；guess 表猜测；talk 指交谈；know 指知道。这里强调说的内容，故选 say。10B。根据最后一句“effects will come just like Chinese medicine”以及文意可知 come 为正确选项。4Mr. Green was ill and went t
47、o the hospital. A doctor _1_ and said, “Well, Mr. Green, you are going to _2_ some injections, and youll feel much better. A nurse will come _3_ give you the first one this evening, and then youll _4_ get another one tomorrow evening.” _5_ a young nurse came to Mr. Greens bed and said to him, “I am going to give you your _6_ injection now, Mr. Green. Where do you want it?”The old man was _7_. He looked at the nurse for a _8_, then he said, “_9_ has ever let me choose that before. Are you really going to let me choose now?”“Yes, Mr. Green,” the nurse answered. She was in a hurry
