1、FamennianGivetianEifelianLochkovianPragianFrasnianEmsianLudfordianGorstianHomerianSheinwoodianTelychianAeronianRhuddanianPh a n e r o z o i cPa l e o z o i cPridoliLudlowWenlockLlandoveryUpper MiddleLowerDevonian411.2 2.8416.0 2.8422.9 2.5428.2 2.3LopingianGuadalupianCisuralianUpper Upper MiddleMidd
2、leLowerLowerUpper Upper MiddleMiddleLowerLowerPh a n e r o z o i cPa l e o z o i cM e s o z o i cCarboniferousPermianJurassicTriassic150.8 4.0 155.6161.2 4.0164.7 4.0167.7 3.5171.6 3.0175.6 2.0183.0 1.5189.6 1.5196.5 1.0199.6 0.6203.6 1.5216.5 2.0 228.7237.0 2.0 245.9 249.5251.0 0.4318.1 1.3260.4 0.
3、7253.8 0.7265.8 0.7268.0 0.7270.6 0.7275.6 0.7284.4 0.7294.6 0.8299.0 0.8303.4 0.9307.2 1.0311.7 1.1TithonianKimmeridgianOxfordianCallovianBajocianBathonianAalenianToarcianPliensbachianSinemurianHettangianRhaetianNorianCarnianLadinianAnisianOlenekianInduanChanghsingianWuchiapingianCapitanianWordianR
4、oadianKungurianArtinskianSakmarianAsselianGzhelianKasimovianMoscovianBashkirianSerpukhovianViseanTournaisianPenn-sylvanianMissis- sippian359.2 2.5345.3 2.1328.3 1.6374.5 2.6385.3 2.6391.8 2.7397.5 2.7407.0 2.8443.7 1.5436.0 1.9439.0 1.8418.7 2.7EdiacaranCryogenianTonianStenianEctasianCalymmianStathe
5、rianOrosirianRhyacianSiderianNeo-proterozoicNeoarcheanMesoarcheanPaleoarcheanMeso-proterozoicPaleo-proterozoicArcheanProterozoicPr e c a m b r i a n6358501000120014001600180020502300250028003200360040004600Upper “Ionian”CalabrianSelandianTortonianSerravallianLanghianBurdigalianAquitanianYpresianChat
6、tianRupelianPriabonianDanianThanetianBartonianLutetianCampanianSantonianTuronianConiacianAlbianAptianBerriasianBarremianValanginianHauterivianMaastrichtianCenomanianPiacenzianMessinianZancleanGelasianPh a n e r o z o i cC e n o z o i cM e s o z o i c1.8060.1260.7812.5885.3327.24611.60813.8215.9720.4
7、370.6 0.665.5 0.383.5 0.785.8 0.7 88.693.6 0.840.4 0.237.2 0.133.9 0.128.4 0.123.0348.6 0.255.8 0.258.7 0.2 61.199.6 0.9112.0 1.0125.0 1.0130.0 1.5 133.9140.2 3.0145.5 4.0CretaceousPaleogeneNeogeneSystemPeriodEonothemEonErathemEraStageAge AgeMaGSSPEpochSeriesEonothemEonErathemEraSystemStageAge AgeMa
8、GSSPEpochSeriesPeriodEonothemEonErathemEraAgeMaGSSP GSSASystemPeriodEonothemEonEraStageAge AgeMaGSSPEpochSeriesPeriod3.600OligoceneEocenePaleocenePliocenePleistoceneUpper Lower0.0117INTERNATIONAL STRATIGRAPHIC CHARTInternational Commission on Stratigraphy421.3 2.6426.2 2.4TremadocianDarriwilianHirna
9、ntianPaibianUpper MiddleLowerSeries 3Stage 3Stage 2FortunianStage 5DrumianGuzhangianStage 9Stage 10FloianDapingianSandbianKatianStage 4Series 2TerreneuvianFurongianCambrianOrdovician 503 506.5 510 * 515 * 521 * 528 * 460.9 1.6471.8 1.6488.3 1.7 492 * 496 * 499542.0 1.0455.8 1.6445.6 1.5468.1 1.6478.
10、6 1.7SilurianErathemSystem542359.2 2.5145.5 4.0QuaternaryICSCopyright 2009 International Commission on StratigraphySubdivisions of the global geologic record are formally defined by their lower boundary. Each unitof the Phanerozoic (542 Ma to Present) and thebase of Ediacaran are defined by a basal
11、GlobalBoundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP ),whereas Precambrian units are formally subdividedby absolute age (Global Standard Stratigraphic Age,GSSA). Details of each GSSP are posted on theICS website (www.stratigraphy.org).Numerical ages of the unit boundaries in thePhanerozoic are subject
12、to revision. Some stageswithin the Cambrian will be formally named uponinternational agreement on their GSSP limits. Mostsub-Series boundaries (e.g., Middle and UpperAptian) are not formally defined.Colors are according to the Commission for theGeological Map of the World (www.cgmw.org). The listed
13、numerical ages are from A GeologicTime Scale 2004, by F.M. Gradstein, J.G. Ogg,A.G. Smith, et al. (2004; Cambridge University Press)and “The Concise Geologic Time Scale” by J.G. Ogg,G. Ogg and F.M. Gradstein (2008).This chart was drafted by Gabi Ogg. Intra Cambrian unit ageswith * are informal, and awaiting ratified definitions.EoarcheanHadean (informal)HoloceneMioceneAugust 2009
