1、新概念英语第三册笔记 Lesson 3 1Lesson 03 An unknown goddess 无名女神1. New words and expression 生词和短语goddess(tile) n.女神 god: 男神以 ess 阴性词词尾， 通常用来表示女性或者母性的词。Hostess: 女主人，女主持人Stewardess: 空中小姐Mistress 与 master 相对应，女管家， 但是在现代英语中有情妇的意思，所以通常很少用到。Tigress: 雌老虎， 与 tiger 相对应， 所以可不能翻译成母老虎哦。Mother tiger: 母老虎。archaeologist n.考
2、古学家 /archaeology: n. 考古学(研究) /archaeological: adj.考古学的，考古学上的。.ist: .人，. 家Specialist: 专家Buddhist: 佛教徒Racist：种族主义者Terrorist：恐怖主义者Aegean adj.爱琴海的Explore v.考察，勘探, to search and discover， travel through an area in order to find out what is here. - The archaeologists are exploring the cave.exploration n.探
3、险 / explorer n.探险家, 上网的时候用的浏览器promontory n.海角, a high long narrow piece of land which goes out into the sea. headlandcivilization n. 文明 / civilize vt.使开化, 使文明- high level of civilization 高度文明storey n.楼层 （story 的变体）drainage n.排水系统drain: 下水道worship n.v.祟拜 l 既可指对神的崇拜，也可指对人象对神一样崇拜。 / respect vt.尊敬, 尊重 /
4、 admire v.赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕- Who do you worship in the world?Warship n.军舰 , 战船Fragment n.碎片Fall into fragmentsRemains n.遗物，遗迹，废墟Reconstruct v.修复 （Re -重新, 再次）Construct vt.构造, 建造, 组织（通过装配或组合部件而构成）- construct a sentence / construct a broken statuary（n.雕象）- build a house 造建筑物 / put up a tent construction n.建设,
5、 建造constructive adj.有教育意义的constructor n.建造者, 建设者新概念英语第三册笔记 Lesson 3 2erect vt.盖, 使竖立, 使直立（ build high buildings）- erect a monument 建造纪念碑 / erect a clock tower 建造钟楼setup / establish / found 建立- setup students union 学生会 （union n.联盟, 协会）- establish a school / establish a rule 设立一条规则- found a country 建立
6、一个国家Rest v.倚放, 放置Hip n.屁股, 臀部Hip n. 口 在服用兴奋剂、宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj.通晓的，见闻广的- Mary is a real hip. 玛丽是个爱赶时髦的人。- The guy isnt a hip. 这家伙什么都不懂。Joined at the hip 表示交情极厚的- These two are joined at the hip.shoot from the hip 信口开河- Sorry, I said that I shouldnt have shot from the hip.graceful adj.优雅的- a gra
7、ceful ladyelegant adj.优雅的（举止） - an elegant gentleman. 举止文雅的绅士identity n. 身份ancient adj.远古的, 旧的decorate vt.装饰；点缀clay n.粘土, 泥土Roman adj.罗马的, 罗马人的 n.罗马人Rome n.罗马(意大利首都)Indeed adv.真正地, (加强语气)确实2. Text 课文How did the archaeologists know that the statue was a goddess? Unknown:无名的， 不出名的。Im nobody. 我是个小人物Im
8、a small potato. 我是个小土豆，我是个小人物。A household name: 家喻户晓的。VIP: very important person, 非常重要的人物He is somebody. 某人是个大人物I want to be a big shot in the future. 我想成为一个大人物。Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. some time 1经过若干时间 2在未来的某时sometime adv.在某一时候
9、, 曾经, 有一天sometimes adv.不时, 有时 make a discovery: 发现， 做出发现make a name for someone: 出名新概念英语第三册笔记 Lesson 3 3make history：创造历史make a noise：名噪一时， 不是指制造噪音。- Ben Laden really made a noise by 9.11. (在 911 以后， 美国报纸是这样评价本拉登的) 中文习惯用主动语态。英文习惯用被动语态。以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述。主题句：为典型的记叙文开头句， 记叙文的文体特点，交待了时间，地点，人物，事
10、件。An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. which 引导定语从句，修饰限定 temple。 （which = that） stand(不及物) = lie(不及物) 位于， lie 有平躺的意思。 = situate(及物) 使位于, 使处于= locate(及物) 使.坐落于, 位于which stands in. = which lies in = which is located in = which is situated
11、in.Stand 1 身高 2表示高高坐落于, 矗立于- She stands 1.75m. 她身高 1.75 米 - A great tree stands on the mount. 一棵大树竖立在山上。- China stands in the east of the world. 中国坐落于世界的东方。The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的- our finance is prospe
12、rous 我们的经济非常的繁荣。 （Finance n.财政, 金融）Prosperity: n. 97 年香港回归之前，记者问朱镕基中国政府今后对待香港的态度是怎样的， 他说了这样一段话：我们将不惜任何代价去维护香港的繁荣和稳定。- Well keep the prosperity and stability of HK at any cost. (at any price): thriving adj.昌盛的，兴旺的 -a thriving business- With the establishment of major new markets, the economy is thriv
13、ingbooming adj.蓬勃的，景气的, 急速发展的 - a booming market 繁荣的市场flourishing adj.繁茂的，健康的 - Those plants are flourishing. 那些植物长得茂盛。Great DepressionSlump: n. 衰退 a slump in stock: 股价下跌Slack: adj. 松弛的， 不振作的， (市场) 疲软的 for 引导原因状语从句：对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息。because 引导原因状语从句：强调原因。- The day broke for the birds were singing.
14、 at one time 表达曾经, 一度（过去时态的标志, = once） must have been/done 对过去事实肯定的推测 enjoyed a high level of civilization 享有高度文明enjoy: 喜欢，享受。 。 。享有enjoy a long history: 历史悠久- China enjoys a long history. 新概念英语第三册笔记 Lesson 3 4enjoy supports: 得到支持enjoy a good healthenjoy a large sales：畅销enjoy oneself: have a good ti
15、meHouses - often three storeys high - were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. With 具有， 表示被描述事物的特征和性质。 - a young man with broad shoulders - an old lady with black hair beautifully decorated 过去分词做定语- a beautifully dressed lady 衣着漂亮的女士- a deserted car park 废弃的停车场- a
16、white painted door 被刷成白色的门现在分词做定语, 被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系- a boy climbing the tree 正在爬树的男孩- the students reading in the room 正在房间里读书的学生The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets. be equipped with 配备, 装备 （equip vt.装备, 配备）air conditioning
17、 空气调节装置 / air conditioner 空气调节机, 空调设备- The car was equipped with air conditioning. for 引导原因状语从句 在正下方：Beneath = under - beneath the narrow streets = under the narrow streets- He is standing under/beneath the umbrella.在进行中：只能用 under- under control 控制之中 / under discussion 讨论之中 / under repairs 修理之中below
18、 在下方（强调在斜下方）- She is sitting below the window第一段就到这里了，其实第一段整段就是讲述了主题句所提到的内容， 那么到底第一句提到的 interesting discovery 到底是什么， 有趣在哪里， 那么我们是否能在第二段找到答案呢。The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. B.C. : before Christ (before the
19、 birth of Christ), 公元前A.D.: Anno Domini (latin), since the birth of Christ. 公元后 Roman times: 古罗马时代， from 200 B.C. until 400 A.D.- Do as the Romans do when in Rome. 入乡随俗- Every road leads to Rome. 条条大路通罗马， 殊途同归。- Rome wasnt built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的， 冰冻三尺非一日之寒。 be used as / be used to be 把用作为- The bo
20、x was used as a desk in the small village school.新概念英语第三册笔记 Lesson 3 5- The wooden box was used as a bookcase. be used to do 被用来做- The wooden box is used to contain booksIn the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.Each of these represented a goddess and had, at on
21、e time, been painted. Sacred adj.宗教的, 神圣的- sacred music 圣乐 / sacred promise 神圣的诺言Holy adj. 神圣的, 圣洁的- a holy person. 圣洁的人 / a holy place. 神圣的地方The holy city: Jerusalem, 耶路撒冷Solemn adj. 庄严的, 庄重的- a solemn face 严肃的面孔 / a solemn ceremony 隆重的仪式反义词：profane: adj. 不敬 (神)的,渎神的,亵渎的,不圣洁的 Statue: 雕塑， 雕像， -Statu
22、e of Liberty: 自由女神像Stature：身高， 水平，-an artist of great stature：一个高水平的艺术家Status: 身份，地位， 状况， -marital status：婚姻状况Statute: 法令，法规， -college statute：校规 represent vt.代表， stand for -I represent all the classmates. Paint: 涂颜色，上色 Paint her room pink：把她的房间涂成粉色 Paint her nails：涂化妆品，涂指甲油 Paint a picture: 画画这是一篇略
23、带科学色彩的文章，要尽量减少主观色彩， 所以使用被动语态是上策，引入主语反而增加主观色彩。 The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. Remains: 遗迹，残余，遗体， what has been left-the remains of lunch dating 现在分词 , 修饰 remainsdate from = date back to = go back to = trace back to : have been existing from（开始于,
24、起始于）, 都不可以用被动语态- The custom dating from 1990. （custom n.习惯, 风俗）- The tradition dates from the time when his grandfather was young.-The castle dates from the 14th century. = The castle dates back to the 14th century.城堡建造于 14 世纪Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. mi
25、ss head: 下落不明的头This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved.新概念英语第三册笔记 Lesson 3 6It was very old and precious even then.When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazedto find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. Classical a
26、dj. 在西方文化中，特指古希腊和古罗马时期，古文化的（即传统的） ；文科的, 人文科学的- classical music 古典音乐， 与之相对的是流行音乐 popular music - classical education 人文科学教育- classical physics, 古典物理， 与之相对的， quantum physics, 量子物理。Classic adj. 第一流的, 标准的, 著名的, 典型的， 经典的- This is the classic example of love at the first sight.Classic n.杰作, 经典之作- That jok
27、es a classic; it really is funny. “这个笑话确属一流, 真是妙趣横生。“ Reconstruct = put together, piece together, restore（vt.恢复, 使回复） Amazed = very much surprised， 强调东西很美，令人惊讶不已。surprised astonished amazed astounded 感到惊讶（语气递增） to find. / to discover. / to realize. / to see- Im not surprised to see you here Turn out
28、 to be: 含有出乎意料的意思1 turn out（表示结果）结果是 , 原来是 （= prove, 都表示系动词）turn out (to be)+ n./adj.- The concert turned out to be a failure.- Our party turned out (to be) a success. 我们的聚会非常的成功。2 It turned out + that 从句 （it 作形式主语）It turned out +其它名词从句- It turned out that the diamonds had been in the bank all the t
29、ime.原来钻石一直都在银行里保存着。- It turned out that his statement was false. 原来他的话是假的。3 as it turns out 后来人们发现- As it turned out, there was no need to worry. 后来人们发现, 没有必要担心。- As it turned out, the report was mistaken. 后来人们发现, 报告被弄错了She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips.rest on v.被搁在, 停留在, 信
30、赖 = depend on（依靠 , 依赖）/ lean on（靠着）- His hand rested lightly on my shoulderShe was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. full-length adj.（裙衣）拖地长的 , 全长的, 全身的 , reach the ground- a full-length dress 拽地长裙 full-grown adj.生长完全的, 发育完全的 full time n.专职 , 全部时间 which swept the ground 近一步说明拖地的，拽地
31、的 wear: 穿戴， 可以搭配的词很多， 它的意思也是根据后面词的意思来定，比如- wear a dress- wear make-up新概念英语第三册笔记 Lesson 3 7- wear perfume- wear contact lenses- wear a moustache- wear a sad look ：一脸愁容- wear pistol：佩戴着手枪Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover h
32、er identity. But, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. = It is still a problem for the archaeologists up to now. Despite = in spite of （两者都是介词） ，后面+ 名词/ 动名词， 表示与后面主句意思相反。 so far, 迄今为止， 完成时的标志 Until : until nowUp to: up to nowBy now- so far so good: 迄今为止，一切都还顺利 discov
33、er her identity = find out her identity4. emphasis: 这篇课文在描述位置的时候，采用了一些具有实在意义的动词， 比如：-An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini.- She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. 这些动词， stand, rest 都可以用 be 动词来替换，但是这样一来， 效果就会大不一样，远远不如课
34、文中这么生动。e.g. -The Eiffel Tower stands 300m high. -A bunch of flowers were sitting on my desk.-The bicycle rested against the wall. 5. Special difficulties 难点Happen: v. happen: take place, 发生 happen to be/ do : by chance, 偶然, 碰巧（强调事情的偶然发生）- I happen to have driven that kind of car. 我恰巧开过那种车。- He happe
35、ned to find the ticket in his pocket. It happens that +从句- It happened that I met her on my way to work.= I happened to meet her on my way work. happen on: 巧遇，偶然发现， 碰巧碰上- I happened on this old picture in the back of the drawer.我偶然的在抽屉的背面发现了这张旧照片。- Guess, who did I happen on while I was in London la
36、st month?6. Multiple choice questions 多项选择新概念英语第三册笔记 Lesson 3 81. D Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.2. D be employed in 被应用在. 方面this is confirmed by the fact that 引导同位语从句，补充说明 fact 的内容 3. A in doing sth 在.方面4. D prosperity n.繁荣（不可数）know 1知道, 认识2（文学用语）经历过, 曾经有过（
37、= experience, 比 experience 更加正式）- He knew poverty in his early days. 他早年有过痛苦的经历5. B since：自从 （主干的时态为现在完成时）6. Cto ones surprise 使某人感到惊讶的是在句中可做独立的状语, 句子的主语不必是某个人- To my great disappointment the train had already leftwith surprise 惊讶地 （With satisfaction/delight/dismay）必须与行为动词连用, 句子的主语必须是某个人- He smoked
38、his last cigarette with satisfaction.- He went home with dismay.- To our dismay the party proved to be a failure.7. B despite = in spite of (可以和名词、代词、动名词搭配 )8 B so far：现在完成时的标志如果用 possible/impossible, 就要采用形势主语 it- So far, it has been impossible for the archaeologists to discover her identity.9. A Ho
39、ly adj. 神圣的, 圣洁的religious 宗教的 / frightening 令人害怕的 / colourful 丰富多彩的10. D in good condition 情况良好 = in good statewell done 侧重强调做得好conserve vt.保存, 保藏 （= keep from being wasted, damaged, lost, destroyed）“不用尽或耗尽某物，保留”- Conserve your energy you needed. （energy n.精力, 精神）你该养精蓄锐，你会用得上的。- We must conserve our
40、 forest.maintain vt.维持, 维修 - 通过修缮保养, 不使.破损（强调动作的过程）11. B turn out = prove, 都表示系动词resolve vt,vi 决定 vt.(使)分解, 溶解- He resolved on going out. 他决定出去。12. Bso far = until now, up till nowbeforehand (adv.预先) = in advance (adv.预先)at this distance of/in time 时隔已久- I can hardly remember him at this distance of time. 时隔这么久, 我几乎想不起来他了。
