1、修辞的魅力您有没有在写英文文章时经常为没有文采而忧愁，如果是的话，小编来为您支个招儿，那就是尝试使用修辞。英语写作中使用修辞的表现手法，可以加强文章的效果，使文章表现生动丰富多彩。今天我们先说一说英语中比喻修。英文中最常见的比喻有明喻（Simile ）和暗喻（Metaphor）两种。下面我们简单介绍一下二者。明喻A simile is a figure of speech that directly compares two things through the explicit use of connecting words (such as like, as, so, than, or v
2、arious verbs such as resemble).为了鲜明地刻画某一事物，明喻将具有某种共同特征的两种不同的事物加以对比。这两种“不同事物”的“共同特征”是通过作者的想象力联系起来的，在自然界中，这两种事物可能没有什么共性。但是人的丰富的想象力却总能抓住它们的一个共同特点，加以利用，就能起到绝妙的效果，这正是比喻的魅力。明喻要有本体（被比喻的事物）和喻体（比喻的事物） ，并用明显性的喻词来联结，以表明两者的相似关系。其基本格式是 A 像 B，常用 like、as、than和 as if 等连词来连接。例1. The stars twinkle like diamonds in th
3、e sky.星星在天空中像钻石一样闪烁。在自然界，星星和钻石属于完全不同的两种东西，作者抓住了它们的一个共同特点“闪光” 、 “闪烁” ，用钻石来比喻星星“shine brightly in the sky”，很是形象。2. Jim is as cunning as a fox.吉姆像狐狸一样狡猾。3. He runs as fast as lightning. 他跑的像闪电一样快。4.He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从
4、我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。5.It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touchsomething. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。我们也可以使用包含明喻的习语中，如：as strong as an ox 像牛一样健壮as cunning as a fox 像狐狸一样狡猾as cold as ice 像冰一样冷as blind as a bat 完全看不见东西的as clear as a whistle 清清楚楚 ,十分清澈as ali
5、ke as chalk and cheese 截然不同暗喻A metaphor is a figure of speech that identifies something as being the same as some unrelated thing for rhetorical effect that, usually, provides clarity; thus, the implied conceptual relationship rhetorically highlights the, at times difficult to conceive, similarities
6、 between two ideas. While a simile compares two items, a metaphor directly equates them, and does not use “like“ or “as“ as does a simile.暗喻和明喻都是通过对比两个不同事物的共同特征来说明事物。与明喻不同的是，暗喻不直接点明两种事物的共同点，而是让读者自己去意会。暗喻不用喻词 like、as、than 和 as if 等来连接本体和喻体，而是常用系动词 be。譬如在明喻中说“ Jim is as cunning as a fox.”而在暗喻中则直接说 “Ji
7、m is a fox.”有时甚至本体和喻词都不出现，直接由喻体代替本体。例 1. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to chewed and digested.有些书可浅尝辄止，有些书可囫囵吞枣，但有少量书需细细咀嚼，慢慢消化。将读书比作吃东西，既形象又深刻。2. A policeman waved me out of the snake of traffic andflagged me to a stop.一位警察招手要我从长蛇般的车流中出来，并招呼我停下3. My life is one long curve, full of turning points.我的人生就像一条长线，充满了转折。4. Time is money.时间就是金钱。5. All the worlds a stage,And all the men and women merely players.世界就是一个舞台，所有的男男女女都只是演员。暗喻也广泛使用于习语中，如 :seeds of evil 罪恶的种子a ray of hope 希望的光线a wing of imagination 想象的翅膀
