1、Chapter 1An Overview,A Glimpse of Chinese Culture,本章教学的目的,1. 中国标志的基本了解;2. 中国地理、历史、人口、民族、政治体 制、经济的基本概况;3. 学生介绍自己的家乡。,本章教学的重难点,1. 中国标志（国旗、国徽、国歌、首都）；2. 中国地理位置、地形、人口、民族、经济改革；3. 学生家乡的自我介绍。,Brief Introduction to Chinese Symbols,National Day 国庆节National Emblem 国徽National Anthem 国歌National Capital 首都,Nation
2、al Day国庆节,Chinese celebrate（庆祝） October 1 as National Day in honour of （以纪念） the founding of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC)（中华人民共和国） on October 1, 1949.,National Flag国旗,The red color of the flag symbolizes（象征） revolution（革命） and the yellow color of the stars the golden brilliant rays radiating（
3、辐射） from the vast red land.,The design of the four smaller stars surrounding(围绕) a bigger one signifies(意味着) the unity（团结） of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China（中国共产党）.,National Emblem国徽,Composed of patterns of the national flag, the Tiananmen Rostrum（城楼）, a whee
4、l gear （齿轮）and ears of wheat（小麦穗）, it symbolizes the New-Democratic Revolution （新民主革命）of the Chinese people since the May 4th Movement in 1919 and the birth of New China.,National Anthem（国歌）,March of the Volunteers（义勇军进行曲） was written in 1935 and was officially adopted as the national anthem of the
5、PRC on December 4, 1982.The lyrics of March of the Volunteers goes as follow:,Arise, ye who refuse（拒绝） to be slaves（奴隶）;Let us amount our flesh and blood towards our new Great Wall!The Chinese nation faces its greatest peril（困境）,The thundering roar（轰鸣声） of our people will be heard!Arise! Arise! Aris
6、e!We are many, but our hearts beat as one!Selflessly（万众一心） braving the enemys gunfire（炮火）, march on!Selflessly braving the enemys gunfire, march on!March on! March on! on!,National Capital首都,On September 27, 1949, Beiping was renamed as Beijing and became capital of the PRC.Beijing is not only the n
7、ations political centre(政治中心), but also serves as （充当）tis economic(经济), scientific（科学） and cultural（文化） heart.,Forbidden City紫禁城,Ming Tombs明十三陵,Temple of Heaven天坛,Summer Palace颐和园,Great Wall 长城,Geography 地理,Location and BoundaryTopographyRivers and LakesClimate,Location and Boundary区域,In the east of
8、 the AsiaOn the western shore of the Pacific OceanLand area of about 9.6 million sq km, the third largest country,Topography地形,What are the features of Chinese topography?,Highlands in the west and plains in the east.Taking a birds-eye view of China(鸟瞰中国), the terrain（地形） descends from the west to e
9、ast like a four-staircase:,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（高原） (above4000m),Tarim Basin, the Junggar Basin (1000m-2000m),Inner Mongolia Plateau, the Loess Plateau黄土高原,Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and Sichuan Basin (1000m-2000m),the North China Plain（北部平原） and the Middle-Lower YangtzePlain(长江平原);(500-1000m),The cont
10、inental Shelf大陆架,Rivers and Lakes河流和湖泊,More than 1,500 rivers each drain 1,000 sq km or larger areasSource on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, rich in water power(水能) resources24,800 natural lakes,Whats your impression of the Yangtze River（长江）?,The longest river in China; (6,300km)Through 11 provinces, au
11、tonomous regions （自治区）and municipalities（直辖市）.The main artery（干线） of water transportation between eastern and western China.,Whats your impression of the Yellow River?,Chinas second longest river; (5,464 km)The most heavily silt-laden（泥沙淤积） river in the world.The Yellow river catchment area（下游） is a
12、n important base for grains（谷物） in China.,Grand Canal大运河,The Grand Canal is also called Jinghang Canal (1,801 km)The canal was open to navigation over 1,000 years ago.It passes through one city, four provinces and links five major rivers.,Climate气候,A warm climate and distinct（明显的） seasonsContinental
13、 monsoon（季风气候） climate in China: 1) cold and dry winters; 2) warm and humid summers;,Important words and phrases,National Day国庆节National Emblem 国徽National Anthem 国歌National Capital 首都in honour of 以纪念the Peoples Republic of China (PRC)中华人民共和国Communist Party of China中国共产党Tiananmen Rostrum城楼New-Democra
14、tic Revolution 新民主革命March of the Volunteers义勇军进行曲,serves as 充当 economic经济 scientific科学cultural文化Taking a birds-eye view 鸟瞰geography 地理plateau高原basin 盆地canal大运河climate 气候,An outline history,Yuanmou Man and Peking ManThe Ancient PeriodThe Modern Times,Yuanmou Man and Peking Man,The first primitive man
15、 known to have existed in China is Yuanmou Man, who lived 1.7 million years ago.Peking Man, who existed more than 400,000 years ago, could walk upright(直立), make and use simple tools.,The Ancient Period古代史,Why are we called “the descendants(后裔) of Yan and Huang (炎黄子孙)”?Chinese history began with two
16、 legendary figures Emperor（皇帝） Huang and Emperor Yan, who, together with their tribes（部落）, inhabited（居住） the drainage（排水） area along the middle reaches（中游） of the Yellow River. By the time of Xia Dynasty（朝代）, after centuries of living side by side, these two tribes had gradually merged into（合并） one.
17、 Consequently, the Chinese people usually call themselves “the descendants of Yan and Huang”.,Yu conquering the flood Yu inspired people to dig ditches(沟渠) to divert water instead of building dams. He worked ceaselessly for 13 years and succeeded in controlling the floods（洪水）.,The First Emperor of Q
18、in He established the first united feudal monarchy(封建王朝)the Qin Dynasty.He unified the Language, the measurement system（测量系统） and the currency（货币）, set up the prefectures and counties system, constructed the famous Great Wall and built extravagant（奢侈） palaces and mausoleums（陵墓）.,The Modern Times近代史,
19、The Qing Dynasty The last of Chinas feudal dynasties（封建王朝）, was finally overthrown（推翻） by the Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen(1866-1925). One year later, the Republic of China(中华民国) was founded under his leadership（领导）.,The Opium War(鸦片战争) The turning point in Chinese history which marked the
20、close of the ancient period and the beginning of the modern history.,Administrative Divisions行政区划,Three-tier system (三级建制), dividing the nation into provinces（省）, counties（县） and townships（乡，镇）；At present China has 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions（自治区）, 4 municipalities （直辖市）and two special admini
21、strative regions (SAR：特别行政区),Population 人口,More recent data using sampling by the National Bureau of Statistics（国家统计局） announced that at the end of 2005, the population of China was 1,307.56 million.What is “one child policy”?（独生子女政策） It is a policy of family planning, hoping to control the populati
22、on increase, improve population quality.,Distribution of the Ethnic groups 民族分布,56 ethnic groups (Han, 91.59%)According to the fifth national census conducted in 2000, the population of all the 55 minority ethnic groups（少数民族） totaled 106,43 million, accounting for 8.41 percent of the total populatio
23、n of China.What is the ethnic policy in China? Equality, unity, mutual assistance and common prosperity are the basic principles of the Chinese government in handling the relations between ethnic groups.,Guess which ethnic group are they from?,Bai,Dai,The Water-sprinkling Festival,Yi,Tujia,Miao,The
24、Political System行政体制,The Constitution（宪法） of the Peoples Republic of China is the fundamental（基本的） law of the state.The NPC（全国人民代表大会） is the highest organ of state power.,The Communist Party is the sole party in power in China. Apart from it, there are eight democratic parties（民主党） in China.The Stat
25、e Council（国务院）, or the Central Peoples Government（中央人民政府）, of the Peoples Republic of China is the executive body（执行机构） of the highest organ of state power and the highest organ of state administration.,Economic Development and Reform,What is GDP?Gross domestic product, the total market value of all
26、 the goods and services produced in a country in a specific period. (13,687.59 billion RMB in 2004)Economic reform and opening-up（经济改革和对外开放） are the two fundamental State policies of China.,Important Words and Phrases,The Ancient Period 古代史the descendants of Yan and Huang 炎黄子孙Emperor 皇帝the middle re
27、aches 中游Dynasty 朝代The Modern Times 近代史The Opium War 鸦片战争Provinces 省份Population 人口one child policy 独生子女政策minority ethnic groups 少数民族Constitution 宪法Economic reform and opening-up 经济改革和对外开放,Students Presentation,Please do brief introduction to your name, your hometown， including the details about the l
28、ocation（地理位置）, population(人口), geography(地形),climate（气候）, the main scenic spots(景点)，etc.,Exercises,Please prepare for next class presentation.Divide the whole class into groups. Each group will present their PPT to the whole class.Time : 10 minutes (Followed by 5-minutes comments from other students)Topic: any topic in Chinese cultureArrangement: two groups each time,
