1、,高考英语解题思路,短文填词,一、题型说明 二、短文填词题八大考点 三、学生普遍存在的二大问题 四、短文填词题三大解题策略 五、实战演练,主要考点：短文填词以考查实词为主，兼及虚词。,2009年福建省质检和高考试题中短文填词部分考查的要点。,.strategies:,根具体的命题特点，我们可采用：确定词 确定词性 确定词形 三部曲的方式来完成。,a.确定词。解答给汉语提示的单词拼写题时，切忌不考虑句意简单翻译，汉语和英语在互译时并不是永远能一一对等的。 b.确定词性。分析应填词担任的句子成分，正确判断所缺单词的词性。 c.正确、工整、清楚地拼写出所填单词正确形式。,Tips:,通读全文，获取大
2、意。 根据前后已知信息确定单词，并判断词性。 结合语境，确定词性。正确拼写单词。 重读课文，核查答案。,1.形式：替换试卷中原短文改错题，重点考查单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力；在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上，把握短文主旨大意，运用所学语言知识填空，使短文语篇完整。 2.选材：符合学生的书面表达水平，短文词数在130左右，共设10小题，第一行不设题，其余每行挖空一处设一题；考查以实词为主，兼顾其他词性。 3.提示方式：有首字母提示、汉语提示、语境提示，其中首字母提示、汉语提示各34个，语境提示23个。每个空格根据提示用一个单词的适当形
3、式填空。 4.答案的唯一性。如果出现与标准答案不同,但符合题目要求的答案也可以接受，具体由阅卷点裁定。每个空格只能填入一个答案，超过一个的，该小题以零分计。 短文填词共10小题，每小题1分， 满分10分,1、名词：可数、不可数，可数名词的单复数形式； 特别容易忽略名词的单复数，知道了名词的单复数，有时特别容易拼错，尤其是一些可数名词单复数的特殊变化，以及动名词之间的转换； 如：leafleave; mediummedia; adviseadvice, practisepractice; succeedsuccess;,2、动词：时态、语态、非谓语及动词形式的不规则变化； broadcast (
4、broadcast, broadcast) 广播 equip (equipped, equipping) 装备 注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）,3、形容词、副词：形容词与副词的区别（也可能考比较级及最高级）； Simplesimply, fishfisherman, possiblepossibly 可能的, practicalpractically 实际的,4、数词：主要考序数词。容易拼错的序数词，如： 1.twentytwentieth, 2.ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二,5. 常见短语
5、的掌握 Call on号召，拜访（后接sb）/call in召集/ call at拜访某地; in good health; focus on关注/ concentrate on 集中注意力,6. 常见从句的掌握，定语从句与宾语从句的区别 7. 同义词的辨析 Cloth布料/clothes衣服/clothing衣服总称, celebrate庆祝/ congratulate祝贺, hungry饿/starve饥饿, disturb打搅/bother打扰,8. 形近易混词的区分 quality质量/ quantity数量, similar相似的/familiar熟悉的,adapt适应,改编/ ad
6、opt收养，采纳,首先：单词拼写问题，很多可能知道要填的单词，但拼写往往出错； 其次：如何确定所填词的词性，有些空确实特别需要注意的是细节的把握：如名词的单复数，和动词形式的变化以及词性之间的变换。,关键找搭配信息 第一对于首字母提示和语境提示的空格：如何判断其意义及词性，关键看搭配，重点找已知信息。搭配包括：主谓搭配，动宾搭配，前置定语（形容词、动词分词）+名词或名词+后置定语（形容词，动词分词，介宾短语或者定语从句），谓语+状语（副词），副词修饰形容词等等。空格前后的已知信息词决定着空格词的词性；,第二：汉语提示题相对简单：大部分我们可以根据汉语提示直接写出答案。但需特别注意的是有时题中给
7、出我们的意思能够理解，但词性的选择和单词的选择还是需要根据具体的搭配信息确定。而且中文往往是模糊的，与之相近的意思的单词或许不止一个词。这时更需要我们根据文中已知信息来确定。,For example:,1.They got lost in the desert and _(挨饿) to death.,解析：并列连词and 连接二谓语动词，前后一致，前面是动词got,则后面也应是动词的过去时,故只能填starved, 而不会是形容词hungry.,2.Please give my _ (祝贺) when you see her. 3. They re going to _（庆祝） their v
8、ictory with music and dancing.,解析：庆祝和祝贺在中文看来是近似的，但在英文中的区别明显。Celebrate庆祝，后面接的宾语往往是胜利或是节日。而祝贺的宾语则是对个人成功等的祝贺。本题空格在动词give的后面，故应填congratulation. 而68题则应是celebrate.,4. The book gives a short _ （描述） of the city.,解析：很明显该处应填名词description. 注意：describe和description的词性转化。,第三：单词的正确拼写,名词： 动词: 形容词 副词： 数词和月份，星期 短语： 主
9、从复合句：,1. 名词：名词的单复数的确定主要根据：(1).并列连词 and, but以及or前后的名词或代词的单复数，前后往往是一致的；(2).根据主谓一致的原则，关键看谓语动词或系动词的数。,1.On the morning of April 29,2008,from 10:00 to 11:00,hundreds of millions of students from primary, middle schools and u_ all over China joined in a national student sports program. 2. We aim at q rath
10、er than quantity. 3. Eric came running into the room, out of b . 4. Nowadays most people use paper _(手帕) . 5Spring has come, and the trees are thick with green _ （叶子）.,quality,universities,breath,handkerchiefs,leaves,2.动词:一定要注意动词的时态，语态及非谓语形式，这又和 考查学生对动词ing及ed形式的变换的掌握能力息息相关。,1. Letting the water run
11、while you brush your teeth w water. 2.The patient kept c_ all night. 3. Do you think_(游泳)is allowed in the canal . 4.A fence at the back of the garden_(分开)us from the neighbors. 5.I r_ Mike the moment I saw him . 6 _ （赢得） the support of the majority requires time, energy and devotion. 7They finished
12、 _（测量）that piece of land last week. 8. The boy spoke in a very low voice _(承认) he had broken the glass.,wastes,coughing,swimming,separates,recognized,Winning,measuring,admitting,3.形容词:特别注意名词转化形容: Asia Asian, AustraliaAustralian, EuropeEuropean(地名等专有名词第一字母必须大写)。,1. Rice is grown in China, Japan and o
13、ther A_ countries. 2. The story is written by an _ （澳大利亚）engineer. 3.This plant is found in the _(南部)parts of the country 4. She looks f_ to me, but I dont remember her names. 5. My train was 20 minutes late in the morning and there was a _(相似的)delay in the evening. ,similar,familiar,southern,Austra
14、lian,Asian,4.副词：副词主要修饰形容词，和动词。,1. Dont be frightened by the television camera. Just speak _(自然地). 2.G_ speaking , parents care more about their childrens health than about their own. 3. The telephone rang and he answered it i_. 4Attention please ,the game will begin （立刻）. 5There are only five minute
15、s left. Well have to walk q_ to get there on time.,naturally,immediately,Generally,quickly,immediately,5.数词和月份，星期 数词：主要考序数词。,1. The _ (第十二) man in a football team will play if one of the other players is ill. 2.Their office is on the_(第九)floor. 3.Ill go and see you next_(星期六). 4._（一月）is the first mo
16、nth of the year.,容易拼写错的数字。如：1. eighth第八2. ninth第九3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二5. twentieth第二十 一个星期七天：1. Monday 2. Tuesday 3. Wednesday 4. Thursday 5. Friday 6. Saturday 7. Sunday 一年十二个月:1. January 2. February 3. March 4. April 5. May 6. June 7. July 8. August 9. September 10. October 11. November 12. Dec
17、ember,twelfth,ninth,Saturday,January,6.短语：,1.Could you help Li and tell him how to get _ of this bad habit and return to normal life again？ 2. He was p_ of the Olympic Gold Medal he won for his country. 3. Not paying a_ to the road can be dangerous, even deadly. 4.It is important for drivers to f_(关
18、注) on what is going on around them.,rid,proud,attention,focus,7.主从复合句： 从样题分析来看，此题一般在12题左右。一般以考查从句的连接词为主，而宾语从句，定语从句以及时间状语从句的连接词出现频率较高。,1.I think _ a good idea for us Senior students to have daily sports. 2.We spend an hour a day on exercise, _ is well worth doing. 3.His wife is worried and afraid t drinking will destroy their happy life as well as Li Hua himself.,that,which,it/its,Good-bye!,
