1、Ab = Albite附录（Appendixes ）一、 矿 物 代 号钠长石 Kp = Kalinophilite 钾霞石Ac = Acmite Act = Actinolite Ae = Aegirine Af = Alkali feldspar Alm = Almandine Als = Al2SiO5 mineral Am = Amphibole An = AnorthiteAnd = Andalusite Andr = Andradite Anl = Analcite Ann = Annite Ant = Anthophyllite Ar = AragoniteAug = Augit
2、e Bi = Biotite Brc = Brucite Cc = Calcite Ch = Chlorite Cld = Chloritoid Co=Corundum Coe = coesite Cpx = Clinopyroxene Crd = Cordierite Crs = Crossite Cum = Cummingtonite Der = DeeriteDi = Diapside Dia = DiamondDol = Dolomite En = Enstatite Ep = EpidoteF = Fluid(H2O) Fa = Fayalite Fo=Forsterite Fs =
3、 Ferrosilite Gl = Glaucophane Gra = GraphiteGro = Grossular Gt = GarnetHb = Hornblende Hd = Hedenbergite Hu = HeulanditeHy = HyperstheneIll = Illite Jd=Jadeite Jed=Jedrite Kao = Kaolinite Kf = K-feldspar 锥辉石阳起石霓石碱性长石铁铝榴石Al2SiO5矿物角闪石钙长石红柱石钙铁榴石方沸石羟铁云母直闪石文石普通辉石黑云母水镁石方解石绿泥石硬绿泥石刚玉柯石英单斜辉石堇青石青铝闪石镁铁闪石迪尔石透辉石
4、金刚石白云石顽火辉石绿帘石流体(H 2O)铁橄榄石镁橄榄石铁辉石蓝闪石石墨钙铝榴石石榴石普通角闪石钙铁辉石片沸石紫苏辉石伊利石硬玉铝直闪石高岭石钾长石1Ky = KyaniteL = Liquid = meltLc=LeuciteLm = Laumontite Lw = LawsoniteMar=MargariteMc=MicaMgn = Magnesite Mi = MicroclineMm = Montmorillonite Ms = MuscoviteMt = Magnetite Ne = Nepherine Ol = Olivine Om =OmphaciteOpx = Orthoph
5、yroxene Or = OrthoclasePg = Paragonite Phl = Phlogopite Phn = Phengite Pie = Piemontite Pig = Pigeonite Pl = PlagioklasePrh = Prehnite Prl = Pyrophyllite Pu = Pumpellyite Px = Pyroxene Pyr = Pyrope Q = QuartzRie = Riebeckite San = Sanidine Sps = Spessartine St = Staurolite Stp = StilpnomelaneTc=Talc
6、Tr=TremoliteTs=TschermakiteV =VapourVer=VermiculiteWm = White micaWo=WollastoniteWr=WairakiteSe = Sericite Ser = Serpentine Sil = Sillimanite Sm=SmeciteSp = Spinel Wu=WustiteZo = Zoisite 蓝晶石液体 = 熔体白榴石浊沸石硬柱石珍珠云母云母菱镁矿微斜长石蒙脱石白云母磁铁矿霞石橄榄石绿辉石斜方辉石正长石钠云母金云母多硅白云母红帘石易变辉石斜长石葡萄石叶腊石绿纤石辉石镁铝榴石石英钠闪石透长石锰铝榴石十字石黑硬绿泥石滑
7、石透闪石契尔马克分子蒸汽蛭石白色云母硅灰石斜钙沸石绢云母蛇纹石夕线石蒙皂石尖晶石方铁矿黝帘石二、汉英对照岩石学名词索引AAKF 图（AKF diagram）ACF 图（ACF diagram）AFC 模式（assimilation and fractional crystallization）AFM 图（AFM diagram）A 型花岗岩(A-type granites)I 型花岗岩(I-type granites)M 型花岗岩(M-type granites)P-T-t 轨迹（P-T-t path）S 面（S-safaces 或 S-planes）S 型花岗岩(S-type granite
8、s) 阿波罗(Apollo) 阿尔卑斯型超基性岩体(Alpine-type ultrabasic rocks) 阿拉斯加型(Alaska-type)安山岩（andesite ）岸礁（shore reef）暗拼岩（appinite）暗色体（melanosome）奥长花岗岩(tronndhjemite)B白榴石响岩(leucite phonolite)白榴岩（leucitite）白片岩（white schist）白云石化 (dolomitization)斑点构造（spotted structure）斑脱岩（bentonite）斑杂构造 （taxitic structure）斑状变晶结构（porph
9、yroblastic texture ）斑状结构（porphyritic texture）板块(plate) 板劈理（slaty cleavage）板岩(slate)板状等粒结构（equant tabular texture）板状构造（slaty structure）板状交错层（plate cross-bedding）半晶质结构（hemicrystalline texture）半自形变晶（hypidioblastic）2半自形晶粒状结构（hypidiomorphic-granular texture）包含结构(poikilitic texture) 包卷层理（convoluted struct
10、ure）包卷构造（convoluted structure）雹痕（hail print ）堡礁（barrier reef）爆发(explosions)碧玄岩（basanite ）碧玉岩（jasperite）变斑晶(porphyroblast) 变晶（blast）变晶鲕 (metacrystal ooid)变晶结构（blastic texture）变晶系（crystalloblastic series ）变嵌晶（poikilolblast）变形(deformation) 变形带（deformation band）变形结构（deformation texture）变形双晶（deformation
11、twins）变形纹（deformation lamellae）变余构造（palimpsest structure）变余结构（palimpsest texture）变余糜棱岩（blastomylonite ）变质带（metamorphic zone）变质反应（metamorphic reaction）。变质分异（metamorphic differentiation）变质构造（metamorphic structure）变质级（metamorphic grade）变质结构（metamorphic texture）变质结晶作用（metamorphic crystallization）变质相（met
12、amorphic facies）变质相系（metamoprhic facies series）变质岩 (metamorphic rocks) 变质岩岩屑砂岩（metamorphic fragment sandstone）变质作用 P/T 比类型（P/T ratio type of metamorphism）标准矿物(normative minerals)表鲕 (superficial ooid)表生成岩作用（epidiagenesis）宾汉塑性流（bingham plastic flow）冰川（glacier）冰筏（ice raft）冰碛物（till）冰山（iceberg）波痕构造（rippl
13、e mark）波状层理（wavy bedding）波状交错层（wavy cross-bedding）波状消光（undulose extinction）玻基安山岩(hyalo-andesite)玻基斑状结构（vitrophyric texture ）玻基玄武岩（vitrobasalt ）玻璃质结构（hyaline texture）玻璃质碎屑结构（vitriclastic texture ）玻屑(glass shards) 补偿深度（carbonate compensation depth，简记为 CCD）不等粒结构（heterogranular texture）不等粒结构(inequigranu
14、lar or seriate texture) 不连续反应（discontinuous reaction）不平衡结构（disequilibrium texture）部分熔融 (partial melting) 部分熔融结构 (partially melted texture) C残积物（residual sediments）残缕结构（helicitic texture ）残余构造（relict structure）残余结构（relict texture）槽状交错层（trough cross-bedding）层(条带 )状混合岩 (stromatite)层礁（stratigraphic reef
15、）层理（bedding ）层流 (laminar flow）层系（set ）层系组（coset）层状构造或带状构造（ layered structure, stromatic structure）层状侵入体(layered intrusions）长石砂岩（feldspar sandstone）长石石英砂岩（feldspathic quartz sandstone ）长石岩屑砂岩（feldspar lithic sandstone）长英质（quartz-feldspathic）3超变质作用（ultrametamorphism）超高压（ultrahigh-pressure）超基性岩（ultraba
16、sic rocks）超基性岩包体(ultrabasic rock inclusion )超临界状态（super-critical state）超糜棱岩（ultramylonite ）超碎裂岩（ultracataclasite）沉积构造（sedimentary structure）沉积混杂岩（diamictite）沉积物（deposits）沉积学（sedimentology ）沉积岩 (sedimentary rocks) 沉积作用(广义) （sedimentation）沉积作用(狭义) （deposition）沉凝灰岩（tuffite）成分层（compositional layering）成分
17、成熟度（compositional maturity）成分-共生图解（composition-paragenesis diagram ）成核（nucleation）成岩格子（petrogenetic grid）成岩作用 (diagenesis)充填样式（packing style）冲击变质作用（impact metamorphism）冲刷构造（scour structure）冲刷痕（scour marks ）冲洗交错层（swash cross-bedding）初糜棱岩（protomylonite）初始熔融 (incipient melting) 雏晶（crystallite）穿时的（diach
18、ronous）垂向序列（vertical succession ）次变石榴石 (kelyphite)次生沉积构造（secondary sedimentary structure）次生石英岩(secondary quartzite)次要元素 (minor elements)。粗安岩（trachy-andesite ）粗安岩（tristante）粗晶 (macrocrystal) 粗砾岩（cobble conglomerate）粗粒（coarse grained ）粗粒结构（coarse grained texture ）粗粒杂砂岩（course wacke）粗面岩（trachyte）粗砂岩（co
19、arse sandstone）粗尾粒序（coarse-tail grading ）粗玄结构(间粒结构) （intergranular texture ）粗玄岩（dolerite ）脆性流（brittle flow）脆性行为(brittle behavior) D大理岩(marble) 大气空落（air fall）大洋盆地玄武岩（oceanic basalts）大洋中脊玄武岩（Mid-Ocean ridge basalts: MORBS）带状侵入体(zoned intrusions)单成分砾岩（oligomict conglomerate ）单成分粘土岩（monogenic claystone）
20、弹性行为(elastic behavior)淡色英云闪长岩（leucotonalite）岛弧 (island arc) 岛屿结构（island texture）等变线（isograd ）等厚环边胶结物 (isopachous cement) 等化学变质作用（isochemical metamorphism）等粒结构(equigranular texture) 等粒结构（homogranular texture）等量体(equivalent) 等色岩（shonkinete）底劈作用（diapirism）底涌流(base surge)底载荷（bed load）地盾（shield）地幔不相容元素(m
21、antle incompatible elements)地幔相容元素(mantle compatible elements)地面涌流(ground surge) 地热梯度(geothermal gradient) 地外变质作用（extraterrestrial metamorphism）递增变质（progressive metamorphism ）4点礁（patch reef）叠层构造（stromatolitic structure）叠层石灰岩 (stromatolitic limestone) 叠瓦构造（imbricated structure）碟状构造（dish structure）顶峰变
22、质条件（peak metamorphic conditions）顶蚀作用（stoping）：定向充填（oriented packing）定向构造（directional structure）定向压力(directed pressure) 动力变质作用（dynamic metamorphism）动态重结晶 (dynamic recrystallization)断层岩（fault rock）堆积后的晶体（postcumulus crystals）堆晶（cumulus crystals ）堆晶结构(cumulate texture)：盾形火山（shielled volcano）惰性组分（inert
23、components ）E鲕粒 (ooid)二长花岗岩（monzonite granite）二长岩(monzonite) F反应边（reaction rim）反应边结构(reaction rim texture) 反应等变线（reaction isograd）反应结构（reaction texture）泛流玄武岩（flood basalt ）放射虫岩（radiolarite）放射鲕 (radial ooid) 霏细结构（felsitic texture）沸石相 (zeolite facies)分离结晶作用(fractional crystallization) 分离作用(fractionati
24、on) 分凝（segregation）分选度（sorting）分选作用（sorting）分异作用(differentiation )粉砂岩（siltstone）粪团粒（fecal pellet）风暴流（storm current）风成交错层（wind-dune cross-bedding）缝合线（stylolites）浮岩（pumice）俯冲作用(subduction) 负鲕 (negative ooid) 负荷压力(lithostatic pressure)复变质岩（polymetamorphic rock）复成分砾岩（polymict conglomerate ）复成分粘土岩（polyge
25、nic claystone）复鲕 (compound ooid)副变质岩（parametamorphite ）富集地幔 (fertile mantle) 富集型地幔(enriched mantle) 富集型洋中脊玄武岩（ E-MORB ）富铁岩（iron-rich rocks）G钙硅酸盐角岩(calc-silicate hornfels) 钙硅酸盐粒岩(calc-silicate fels) 钙碱性系列(calc-alkiline series) 钙质（calcareous）钙质长石砂岩（calcareous feldspathic arenite）干酪根（kerogen）橄榄安粗岩(muga
26、erite)橄榄粗安岩（mugeariite）。港湾结构（embayed texture）高地（月球上的） (high land) 高岭石粘土岩（kaolinitic clayston ）高铝玄武岩（high-alumina basalt）高热变质作用（pyrometamorphism ）高原玄武岩(plateau basalt )根痕构造（root traces）更长环斑花岗岩（rapakivite）共生分析（paragenesis analysis）共生相标志（syngenetic facies indicator ）共轴增生 (syntaxial overgrowth)构造（struct
27、ure ）构造超压（tectonic overpressure）5构造角砾岩(tectonic breccia) 构造砾岩(tectonic conglomerate) 孤立组分（indifferent components ）古成体（paleosome ）古登堡不连续面(Gutenberg Continuity) 固定组分（fixed components）固结 solidified 固溶体分解曲线（solvus）冠状体（corona）硅板岩（lydite）硅华（geyserite）硅化 (silification) 硅镁质盆地（ensimatic basin）硅藻软泥（diatomaceo
28、us ooze）硅藻岩（diatomite）硅质岩（siliceous rocks 或 silicastone）过渡型洋中脊玄武岩（T-MORB）过渡性支撑（transitional support）过钾质 (perpotassic) 过滤分异或压滤分异作用(filter pressing)过剩组分（excess components）H骸晶（skeleton crystal）海绿石石英砂岩（glauconitic quartzarenite）海绵岩（spangolite）含磷岩（phospho-rus-bearing rocks）核形石 (oncolite) 黑曜岩（obsidian）黑云母
29、安山岩(biotite- andesite)横交结构（diablastic texture）后成合晶（symplectite）弧内盆地 (intra-arc basin) 花斑结构（graphophyric texture）花斑岩（granophyre）花岗斑岩（granite-porphyry）花岗变晶多边形结构（granoblastic-polygonal texture ）花岗变晶多缝合结构（granoblastic-polysutured texture）花岗变晶结构（granoblastic texture）花岗闪长斑（玢）岩（granodiorite-porphyrite）花岗闪长
30、岩（granodiorite）花岗细晶岩（granite-aplite ）:花岗岩（granite ）花岗岩化作用（granitization）花岗岩类(granitoid rocks)滑动反应（sliding reaction）滑石菱镁岩(listvenite)化学沉积分异（chemical sediment differentiation ）化学成分( chemistry composition)还原色（reduced colour）环带结构（zoned texture）环礁（atoll）环状超镁铁杂岩体(ring ultramafic complexes) 缓流（tranguil flo
31、w）黄长岩（melilitite）:黄铁绢英岩(beresite) 黄土（loess）煌斑岩 (lamprophyre)恢复(recovery)辉长结构 (gabbro texture) 辉长闪长岩（gabbro-diorite）辉长岩（gabbro）辉绿结构(ophitic texture) 辉绿岩（diabase ）辉石安山岩(pyroxene -andesite)辉石角岩(pyroxene-hornfels)辉石角岩相 (pyroxene-hornfels facies)会聚 (convergent) 混合（mixing）混合水（mixed water）混合水白云岩（dorag dolo
32、stone ）混合岩 (migmatite) 混合岩化作用（migmatization）混染（assimilation）混杂堆积 (melage）混杂岩（melange）混杂岩浆（hybrid magma ）混杂作用（hybridization ）活动大陆边缘 (active continent margins) 6活动组分（mobile components）火成岩 (igneous rocks) 火山尘(dust)火山弹(bomb)火山灰(ash)火山角砾岩(volcanic breccia) 火山口沉陷作用（cauldron subsidence ）：火山砾(lapillus) 火山砾角
33、砾岩(lapilli stone) 火山碎屑流(pyroclastic flow)火山碎屑岩（pyroclastic rocks）火山岩块(block) 火山岩岩屑砂岩（volcanic fragment sandstone）J机械沉积分异（mechanical sediment differentiation）机械双晶（mechanical twins）基底式胶结 (basal cementation) 基体（substrate）基性（basic）基性岩类（basic rocks）基质（matrix）基质支撑（matrix-support ）极粗砂岩（very coarse sandston
34、e）极细砂岩（very fine sandstone）急流（torrent flow）集块熔岩（agglomelate lava）集块岩（agglomerate）挤入构造（diapirs ）脊盖处熔体分凝作用（ridge crest segregation）继承矿物（inherital minerals）加大边结构 (enlargement texture) 钾镁煌斑岩 (lamproite) 钾玄岩系列 (shoshonite association) 假等变线（false isograd）假晶 (pseudocrystal)假晶（crystal pseudomorph）假塑性流（pseud
35、o-plastic flow）假团粒（pseudopeloid）假象（pseudomorph）假玄武玻璃 (pseudotachylite)碱流岩（pantellerite）碱性粗面岩（alkali trachyte）碱性橄榄玄武岩（alkali olivine basalt ）碱性花岗岩（alkali-granite ）碱性辉长岩（alkali gabbro）碱性流纹岩（soda liparite）碱性岩(alkaline rocks)碱玄岩（tephrite ）浆源（juvenile）交叉结构（dicussate texture）交错层理（cross-bedding）交代 (replace
36、ment) 交代变质作用（metasomatic metamorphism ）交代作用（metasomatism 或 replacement）交换反应（exchange reaction）交面线理（intersecton lineation）交生结构（intergrovoth texture ）胶结类型 (cementation type)胶结物（cements ）胶结物的世代（cement generation）胶结作用 (cementation)礁盖（reef cap）礁核（reef core ）礁后（back reef）礁前（fore reef）礁屑（reef debris）礁翼（ree
37、f flank）角砾熔岩（breccia lava）角砾状构造（breccia structure）角砾状混合岩(agmatite)角闪安山岩(hornblende-andesite)角闪岩(amphibolite) 角闪岩相 (amphibolite facies)角岩 (hornfels)接触-交代变质作用（contact-metasomatic metamorphism）接触-热变质作用（contact-thermal metamorphism）接触式胶结 (contact cementation)接触晕（contact aureole）7结构（texture ）结构成熟度（textur
38、al maturity）结构倒转（texture reverse）结核（concretion，nodule）结晶分异作用（fractional crystallization）结晶结构（crystalline texture）金伯利岩 (kimberlite)近基序列（proximal succession）进变质（prograde metamorphism）进化岩浆 (evolved magma) 晶洞构造(晶腺构造) (druse structure) 晶格优选方位(lattice preferred orientation) 晶痕（crystal print）晶界塑性变形(intercr
39、ystalline plastic deformation) 晶内塑性变形(intracrystalline plastic deformation) 晶屑(mineral shards) 净砂岩（arenite）净转移反应（net-transfer reaction）静水压力(hydrostatic pressure)静态重结晶 (static recrystalizaion)局部变质作用（local metamorphism）局部平衡（local equilibrium）巨晶 (megacrystal) 巨砾岩（boulder conglomerate）巨型行星(giant planets) 聚沉作用（flocculation）均匀层理（homogeneous bedding）K卡特曼型，（Katmain-type）科马提岩（komatiite）颗粒（grain）颗粒灰岩（packstone ）颗粒结构（grained texture）颗粒流（grain flow）颗粒泥晶灰岩（wackestone）颗粒支撑（grain-support ）可容纳空间（accomondation）孔隙（pores）孔隙式胶结 (porous cementation)
