1、名词的数与格,Hesper,Contents,可数名词的复数结构 单复数同形的名词 不可数名词的用法,概念 构成,名词的分类,名词,New York English,book water,专有名词,普通名词,名词的分类,名词,cat people,water news,个体名词 集体名词,物质名词 抽象名词,名词的分类,名词,dogs waches,paper water,可数名词,不可数名词,可数名词复数的构成,s,s x sh ch,o,y,i,es,f(e),v,es,元,不变,1. “某国人”变复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。 如：Chinese-Chinese, Japanese
2、 Japanese; Englishman-Englishmen, FrenchmanFrenchmen;AmericanAmericans, GermanGermans,特别提醒,2. 有些名词虽然以s结尾，但不是复数形式，更不是可数名词。 如：news, politics, physics。,特别提醒,3. 有些名词只能用复数形式:trousers, pants, shorts, clothes, people, police等。,特别提醒,练一练： 1. Some _are teaching the _how to run the machine. A. Chinese; Japanes
3、e B. Chineses; JapaneseC. Chinese; Japaneses D. Chineses; Japaneses3. There are two _and five _in the zoo. A. sheeps; deer B. sheep; deerC. sheeps; deers D. sheep;deers2. We can see a lot of gold _ swimming in the river.A. fish B. fishes C. the fish D. a fish,鱼肉：不可数同种类大量的鱼：可数，单复数同形不同种类的鱼：可数，加es,fish
4、,不可数名词的用法,1. 不可数名词通常无复数形式。2. 在没有量词的情况下，不可数名词前不能用a, an这两个不定冠词。3. 不可数名词需要表示量时，可用“可数名词（即量词）of ” 来修饰，其中表示量的可数名词有单、复数变化。如：a piece of bread （不能说a bread）two cups of tea (tea 不可数，但cup可数),练一练： 1. -Its too hot now. Would you like_?- Yes, please. Its very kind of you. A. a bread B. a cup of tea C. a piece of b
5、read2. How _ water is there in the bottle? A. many B. much C. any3. -Would you like _coffee? -No, thanks. Ive drunk two _.A. any; bottles of orangeB. some; bottles of oranges C. some; bottles of orange 4. -Help yourself to some _. -Thank you. I really like them.A. fish B. orange C. cakes,有些名词 既可以做可数
6、名词 又可以做不可数名词,玻璃,报纸；试卷,空间,次数,橘子,橘色；橙汁,鸡肉,小鸡,room,名词所有格,1. 概念：名词所有格表示人或物的所属或拥有关系，译为“的”。 2. 构成：1）有生命的名词所有格在名词后加 “ s”，以s 结尾的名词加“”即可。如：the teachers bike, Teachers Day Women_ Day, Children_ Day 2）无生命的名词的所有格，用“of+名词”的结构。如：the legs of the desk the map of China 3）双重所有格一般由“of + 名词所有格/ 名词性物主代词”构成。如：some books
7、of my brothers a friend of mine, s, s,Hesper,1. 名词所有格修饰的名词，如果前面已经提到，这个名词往往可以省略， 以免重复。如：This is not my book, I think its Toms.,特别提醒,2. 名词所有格可以来表示住宅、学校、店铺等。如： Macdonalds 麦当劳餐厅at the doctors 在诊所,特别提醒,3. 表示时间、距离、国家等无生命的名词，也可用“ s”构成所有格。如：three minutes walk 三分钟的步行 todays newspaper 今天的报纸,特别提醒,4. 表示几个人共同拥有时
8、，只在最后一个人名后加 s； 表示每个人各自拥有，要在每个人名后加 s。如：Jim and Toms mother （两人共有，一个人）Jims room and Toms room (各自拥有，两个房间）,特别提醒,5.要特别记忆以下用to表示的所有格。如： the key to the door 门的钥匙, the answer to the question问题的答案,the exit to the building大楼的出口the bridge to the knowledge知识的桥梁,特别提醒,练一练： 1. In _Daily Paper, there is an article written by _ father. A. today; Tom B. todays; Toms C. today; Toms D. todays; Toms2. Lucy has been to _ many times this year.A. his uncle B. her uncles C. his uncles D. her uncles3. Its about fifty _ from here to my school.A. minutes walk B. minute walk C. minutes on foot D. minutes on foot,
