1、 基数词与序数词1、知识点讲解一、分类：英语中数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。二、基数词 ： 表示数目的词称为基数词。 （1）基数词的构成法：112 的基数是特殊的，必须牢记。请写下来 1319 的基数是在 39 的基础上加上后缀-teen ti: n（音同“ 听” ）构成的。其中 13，15，18 是特殊的。13thirteen ; 15fifteen ; 18eighteen2090 的基数整数是在 29 的基础上加后缀-ty ti（*音同“踢” ）构成的。其中 20，30，40，50，80 是特殊的。20twenty 30thirty 40forty 50fifty 80eighty21
2、99 的基数非整数是：整数-个数 （当中要用连字符号“-”隔开 ）21twenty-one 27twenty-seven 43forty-three 59fifty-nine66sixty-six 88eighty-eight 93ninety-three 99ninety-nine100900 的整百数是：个数（19 ）+hundred (hundred“百”用单数)100one(或 a) hundred 300 three hundred 800eight hundred101999 的非整数是：个数（19 ）+hundred +and+整数-个数 (没有十位数，就直接用个位数)101on
3、e(或 a) hundred and one 309three hundred and nine210two hundred and ten 413four hundred and thirteen540five hundred and forty 598five hundred and ninety-eight970nine hundred and seventy 999nine hundred and ninety-nine1000 以上的基数词在上面的基础上，再在前面加上 个数（19）+thousand (thousand“千 ”用单数)4，000four thousand 9，000n
4、ine thousand1，001one thousand and one 2，008 two thousand and eight3，015three thousand and fifteen 4，040four thousand and forty5，069five thousand and sixty-nine 6，200 six thousand (and) two hundred 7，486 seven thousand four hundred and eighty-six基本原则就是先说千，再说百，后说个十。一般在百位数和个十位数间加and,其它不用加。基数词口诀1 至 12 逐
5、个记，13 至 19teen 结尾20 至 90 整十数，ty 结尾是后缀要是表示几十几，连字符十位连个位若要表示几百几，hundred 之后 and 立在英语里，数字（阿拉伯数字）通常从个位数起往左，每三个数用一个逗号隔开，而汉语习惯每四个数用逗号隔开（注意区别）从左向右： 第一个逗号用 thousand 千第二个逗号用 million 千万第三个逗号用 billion 亿第四个逗号用 trillion 万亿50，000，000 fifty million500，000，000 five hundred million5，000，000，000 five billion50，000，000，
6、000fifty billion练习：25,025,874,953 twenty-five billion twenty-five million eight hundred and seventy-four thousand nine hundred and fifty-three（2）复数形式的基数词They went to the theatre in twos and threes 他们 三三两两 地来到了剧院。表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式表示。 He became a professor in his thirties 他三十多岁时成为了教授。 She died of
7、lung cancer in her forties 她四十来岁时死于肺癌。 It was in the 1960s 那是在二十世纪六十年代。三、序数词：序数词是指表示顺序的数词（1）序数词的构成法：第一、第二和第三是特殊的，必须要牢记。请写下来 412 序数词，都是在相应的基数词词尾加上后缀-th 。其中 5，8，9，12 是特殊的，需要特别记忆。如：5fivefifth (-ve 变-fth) 8eighteighth (直接加-h)9nineninth (去 e 加-th ) 12twelvetwelfth (-ve 变-fth) 1319 都是直接加 -th，如：19nineteen
8、nineteenth 17seventeenseventeenth2090 的整数，是把 -ty 变成-ieth -i 如：60sixtysixtieth 40fortyfortieth2199 的两位数 (非整数) ，是把个位数变成序数词，十位数不变。后面的各种序数词，都是把最小的、最后的一位数（通常是个位数，也有是十位数的）变成序数词便可以了。21twenty-first 99ninety-ninth 100hundredth203two hundred and third 440four hundred and fortieth448four hundred and forty-eigh
9、th 9909nine thousand nine hundred and ninth序数词的缩写，主要缩写形式有： first1st second2nd third3rd fourth4th sixth6th twentieth20th twenty-third23rd 其中 lst，2nd，3rd 为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上 th。在英语中，使用序数词时前面要加定冠词 the，但是，在下面的情况下则不加 the： 1当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，序数词前不用 the。 Mother was my first teacher in my life.妈妈是我生命中
10、的第一个老师。 Tom is Lilys third boyfriend. 汤姆是莉莉的第三个男朋友。 2当表达分数时，序数词前不用 the。 One fifth of the students here are from the country. 这儿 1/5 的学生来自农村。Three fourths of the students here are from the country. 这儿的 3/4 的学生来自农村。 3当表达“又一，再一”时，序数词前不用 the，但可加不定冠词。 Please give me a second chance. 请再给我一次机会。 The poor wo
11、man had a third baby. 那个可怜的妇女又生了一个宝宝。 4当表达“年月日”时，尤其在朗读时，序数词前要加 the；但当书写时，序数词前不用 the。 He was born on June 6th, 1974. 他出生在 1974 年 6 月 6 日。 5当序数词在句中作状语时，序数词前不用 the。 Who got there second? 谁第二个到那儿的？ I finished the work first. 我最先完成那项工作。 6. 当表达(考试赛跑等比赛中)获得的名次时，序数词前不用 the。 She stands first in her class. 她在
12、班上成绩排名第一。英语中基数词变序数词方法口诀口诀 解说 举例子基变序，有规律，后面 th 加上去。在数词后面加 th。 four fourth一二三，特殊记，后面字母 t,d,d。one, two, three 特殊变。 first，second，third八去 t，九去 e。整数中的 y 要变成 ieeight 去掉 t，nine 去掉e。twenty 去掉 y 变成twentietheight eighth nine ninthf 来把 ve 替。five 和 twelve 的 ve 要变成 f 。five fifth twelve twelfth若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。两位数或
13、两位以上数字只变个位。thirty-threethirty-third序数词前要加 the 我 序数词前必须加 the（上述原们一定要牢记。 则中的除外） the first day序数词的变化请见下表： 第一到第十 第十一到第十九 第二十以上 first eleventh twentieth second twelfth thirtieth third thirteenth fortieth fourth fourteenth fiftieth fifth fifteenth sixtieth sixth sixteenth seventieth seventh seventeenth ei
14、ghtieth eighth eighteenth ninetieth ninth nineteenth hundredth tenth thousandth 2、典型例题2014 年关于基数词、序数词的中考题：（2014.河北）82. Art is my _ class in the timetable today. （five)（2014.天津）26. _ month of the year is May.A. Two B. The second C.Five D.The fifth(2014.四川成都）34Which month of the year do you like?July,
15、 the _month because summer vacation begins inthis month.Asecond B seventh Cninth(2014.湖北黄冈）80. Early in the_ （ 二十） century, two famous scientistsdeveloped their personal ideas about dreams.三、课堂练习一基数词序数词练习1. Your scarf looks very beautiful.Thank you. I want to buy a _one.(two) 2The Browns had a big p
16、arty to celebrate their daughters _ (二十岁) birthday yesterday.3.现在 7;30 了，咱们回家吧。Its _ now. Lets go home.二根据括号内的词，在空白处填入恰当的词。1.I think the _ lesson is the most difficult in this book.(twelve)2. Louis is now in his _,but he is still taking some course at college.3.There are _of people who are losing jo
17、bs and _ of them find jobs.(hundred thousand)4.I have tried _(三次), but I will try _ （再一次）5.I live on _(第五大街),but work far from it.三单项选择。1. Are you _ American or English?English. We are working in Wuhu.A. a B. / C. the D. an2. Do you know when Christams Day is? Its on _.A. December 24th B. January 1s
18、t C. December 25th D. October 1st3.About _ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.A. four fifth B. four fifths C. fourth fifths D. fourths fifth4. He is _ in our class.A. the fourth tallest B. fourth tallest C. four tallest D. the four tallest5. How many people will come to Beijin
19、g next year?Its hand to say. _people, I think.A. Million of B. Millions of C. Millions D. million6.About _ films were shown during the 5th Shanghai International Film Festival.A. two hundred of B. two hundreds of C. two hundred D. two hundreds7.In our class the students _girls.A. three fifths; are B
20、. three fifth; are C. three fifths; is D. three fifth; is8.The boy always stays there for _.A. one and half hour B. one and a half hourC. one and half hours D. one and a half hours9._foreigners visit the Great Wall every year.A. thousand of B. thousand . C .thousands D. Thousand of10._ of the workers in this factory is about two hundred. _of them are women workers.A. The number, First third B. The number, One thirdC. A number; Half D. A number, Three quarters11. Where are the students？ Are they in _?A. the Room 406 B. Room 406C. the 406 Room D. 406 Room
